<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">L O W L A N D S - L - 29 January 2008 - Volume 03</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">=========================================================================</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">From: </span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="HcCDpe"><span class="EP8xU" style="color: rgb(0, 104, 28);">Gary Davenport</span> <span class="lDACoc"><<a href="mailto:gldavenport@student.ysu.edu">gldavenport@student.ysu.edu</a>></span></span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> </span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Subject: </span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="HcCDpe">etymology - wife<br><br></span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Lowlanders,</span><div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br></div><div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Thanks for your responses regarding <i>wife </i>and its cognates! They proved interesting and helpful, especially so Luc's scan -- I was researching <i>wife</i>'s etymology and use of its cognates in Germanic languages for a paper.</div>
<div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br></div><div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Best regards,</div><div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Gary<br><br>----------<br><br>
From: <span class="HcCDpe"><span class="EP8xU" style="color: rgb(121, 6, 25);">Tom Mc Rae</span> <span class="lDACoc"><<a href="mailto:t.mcrae@uq.net.au">t.mcrae@uq.net.au</a>></span></span> <br>Subject: <span class="HcCDpe">LL-L "Etymology" 2008.02.01 (08) [E]<br>
<br></span><div><div>On 02/02/2008, at 2:11 PM, R. F. Hahn <<a href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com" target="_blank">sassisch@yahoo.com</a>> wrote:</div><blockquote type="cite"><span style="border-collapse: separate; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px;"><div class="Ih2E3d">
Subject: Etymology<br><br>Joachim and I wrote:<br><br></div>I wrote earlier:<br><br><div style="margin-left: 40px;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);"><i>Mank</i><span> </span><<span> </span><i>mang</i><span> </span>is used all over the language and is related to English "among" and German<span> </span><i>Menge</i>, also Low Saxon<span> </span><i>mengeln</i>and<span> </span><i>mengeleyren</i><span> </span>'to mix'. It goes back to Indo-European *<i>men(e)gh</i><span> </span>~ *<i>mon(e)gh</i><span> </span>'plenty', 'bountiful', 'provide (bountifully)', also appears to be related to the group "many," German<span> </span><i>manch</i>, Low Saxon<span> </span><i>mennig</i>, etc. It is -- and now pay attention! -- also related to Old Saxon<span> </span><i>mangon</i><span> </span>'to deal (with)', 'to trade', 'to barter', </span></div>
</span></blockquote>Interestingly enough in Lowland Scots in at least the Lothian area the word "MANKY" refers to something </div><div>that is stale, somewhat off, or inedible.</div><div>eg That picktchur (movie) wiz manky.</div>
<div>See him, stey away frae 'is shoap, 'is fush is manky.</div><div>Jeannie's boy friend is right manky.</div><div><br></div><div> Can this be connected with the state of old trade goods ?</div><div>Unlikely but.....</div>
<div><br></div> <p style="margin: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;" size="3">Regards</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;" size="3">Tom Mc Rae</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;" size="3">Brisbane Australia</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;" size="3">Oh Wad Some Power the Giftie Gie Us</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;" size="3">Tae See Oorsel's as Ithers See Us</font></p>
<p style="margin: 0px;"><font style="font-family: Helvetica; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;" size="3">Robert Burns</font></p>
<span class="HcCDpe"><br>----------<br><br></span>
From: R. F. Hahn <<a href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com" target="_blank">sassisch@yahoo.com</a>><br>Subject: Etymology<br><br>Interesting, that word "manky," Tom. The <i>Oxford English Dictionary</i> isn't sure about it. It suggests links, among others, with "to mank" (mostly Scots) < Middle Dutch <i>manken</i> 'to injure', 'to weaken', 'to harm' < post-classical Latin <i>mancare</i> 'to mutilate' < Classical Latin <i>mancus</i> 'mutilated', 'crippled', 'deficient'.<br>
<br>This this is related to the German word <i>Manko</i> 'deficit', which is one of those Italian banking terminology loans, coming from <i>manco</i> 'deficiency', 'deficit'. This <i>Manko</i> is attested only since the 18th century.<br>
<br>But then we have German <i>Mangel</i> 'lack', 'deficiency' and the corresponding verb <i>mangeln</i> 'to lack', 'to be deficient', also <i>mangelhaft</i> 'lacking', 'deficient', and <i>bemängeln</i> 'to criticize'. The thing is that <i>mangeln</i> can be traced back to Old German <i>mangelōn</i>. This precedes all of the above and has not been explained. I wonder if there <i>is</i> a link on an Indo-European level. Gerhard Köbler suggests Indo-European *<i>men-</i> 'small', 'reduced'. And then there is Indo-European *<i>menk-</i> with similar meanings, probably a derivation. <br>
<br>Back to rutabagas/swedes ...<br><br>I wrote:<br><br><div style="margin-left: 40px; color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">I suspect these older Scandinavian words for swedes/rutabagas (e.g., <i>rotabagge</i> in Gotlandic (<i>Gotländska mål</i>)) contain the words for 'root' (Old Norse <i>rót</i>) and for 'bacon' (Old North <i>baka</i> 'cheek', 'buttock', 'bacon', cf. Low Saxon <i>Back</i>, German <i>Backe</i> 'buttock', 'cheek', related to English "back," all from Indo-European *<i>bheg-</i>
'to bulge', 'to be rounded'). So, because of their consistency that
reminds you of fat, swedes/rutabagas may have been the bacon of lean
times.<br>
<br>We
have to remind ourselves that the intake of fat was very important in
earlier Northern Europe. People craved anything of animal fat
consistency.</div><br style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Compare this to names I mentioned earlier:<br><br><div style="margin-left: 40px;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Low Saxon <i>Wruck</i>, <i>Ramanke</i>, </span><i style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Rutabaga</i><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">, </span><i style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Smultrööv'</i><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">, etc</span><br>
</div><br><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);"></span><i style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Smultrööv'</i><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"> (<i>smultroyv'</i> "lard turnip") 'swede', 'rutabaga'</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);"></span><br>
<br>Regards,<br>Reinhard/Ron<br><br></div><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">