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<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">L O W L A N D S - L - 09 February 2008 - Volume 01</span><br style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">-------------------------------------------------------------------------</span><br>
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</div><br style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">From: </span><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="HcCDpe"><span class="EP8xU">Jacqueline Bungenberg de Jong</span> <span class="lDACoc"><<a href="mailto:Dutchmatters@comcast.net">Dutchmatters@comcast.net</a>><br>
Subject: </span>LL-L "Resources" 2008.02.08 (01) [E]<br></span><p style="margin-bottom: 12pt; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><font size="2"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Elsie Zinsser
writes:</span> </span></font></p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 12pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 153); margin-left: 40px; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><font size="3"><span style="font-size: 12pt;">Edith Raidt postulates (_Afrikaans
en sy Europese verlede_) that women and children were pivotal in the development
of Afrikaans. Perhaps that is why Afrikaans is so comfy
with diminutives?</span></font></p><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">That is an interesting thought, Elsie. You know of course that modern Dutch is also rife with diminutives. Why we are so fond of diminutives? I do not know. The way we use those "verkleinwoorden" if often to give an editorial description of something.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">"Die man is een zit-reusje" for a man who has very short legs in relationship to the length of his torso, or</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">"Hij is een echt Napoleonnetje" For somebody who has an inferiority complex because he is vertically challenged and tries to compensate for that by trying to be extremely bossy.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">The fact that we have two ways to describe f.i. a small animal might contribute to that. There is a distinct difference between "Een kleine hond" and een "hondje". The first one is a dog of small stature, the latter is the adorable one with the curly fur and the curly tail. The use of a diminutive somehow gets you closer to the object.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">The idea that women were pivotal in the development of the country is a possibility. It has been said before that women got in the habit of talking a lot because they were in the business of gathering food and raising the young, which were things you did together with other women, and sitting around you got to do a lot of talking. I got a feeling for that when I visited my grandparents and had to help the other women to clean and prepare the vegetables that were going to be put by for the winter. Although a hunting party existed of several men, to be quiet and stalking animals was a lonely pursuit. For boys the initiation into the serious business of the tribe comes at a young age and their play becomes limited to mimicking the behavior of the adult men. Girl children tend to be playful longer. At the same time they are playing with dolls to learn to become a Mother, they jump rope and play singing and clapping games.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">In the case of the Netherlands, since the husbands were away at sea for long periods of time, the women took over most of the tasks of governing the household as well as the hired help and also were responsible for the finances of the family. But that really does not explain our propensity for diminutives.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Another explanation could be that where the landscape is so flat and vast, that everything did seem small and that that lead to the use of diminutives.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">These are just some loose thoughts about the subject. Could somebody else maybe shine a light on this problem? Jacqueline<br>
<br>----------<br><br>From: R. F. Hahn <<a href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com">sassisch@yahoo.com</a>><br>Subject: Sociolinguistics<br><br>Hi, Jacqueline and Elsie, and everyone else!<br><br>I don't know if this shines any light on things, Jacqueline, but let me say that, aside from gender-specific frequency of use, I have a feeling that there is a language-group-specific thing going on here.<br>
<br>Perhaps this is a Frankish thing versus a Saxon thing. Frankish dialects (low and high) as well as Ripuarian, Alemannic, Thuringian and Bavarian dialects in Germany, France, Switzerland, Austria and beyond abound with diminutives as well. Standard German has a lot of diminutives also, but far fewer than the non-standard dialects I mentioned. Bear in mind that Standard German is influenced by Northern German dialects as well, and they have various sorts of Low Saxon substrata.<br>
<br>Like the North Germanic languages, the (real) Saxon language does not abound with diminutive forms. It uses diminutives also, but far less, and for some mysterious reason there seems to have been a decline of this since late Middle Saxon or early Modern Saxon times.<br>
<br>As for the gender aspect, I have a feeling that high frequency of use is or used to be considered feminine and childish because it was perceived as "cute." Men were probably educated to limit it to the obvious, such as truly small things, junior creatures, and words in which the diminutive has been lexicalized (e.g. <i>meisje</i>, <i>Mädchen</i>, <i>Madl</i><i> </i>'girl', derived from equivalents of "maid").<br>
<br>So much for</span><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="HcCDpe"><span class="lDACoc"> my <i>beetje</i>.<br><br>Groetjes,<br>Reinhard/Ron<br><br></span></span>