<div style="text-align: center; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">=========================================================================<br>L O W L A N D S - L - 28 February 2008 - Volume 02<br style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);">
<span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);">-------------------------------------------------------------------------</span><br style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);"><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);">Please set the encoding mode to Unicode (UTF-8).</span><br style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);">
<span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);">If viewing this in a web browser, please click on</span><br style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);"><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);">the html toggle at the bottom of the archived page.</span><br>
=========================================================================<br></div><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">From: </span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="HcCDpe"><span class="EP8xU" style="color: rgb(121, 6, 25);">Danette & John Howland</span> <span class="lDACoc"><<a href="mailto:dan_how@msn.com">dan_how@msn.com</a>></span></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Subject: </span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="HcCDpe">LL-L "Etymology" 2008.02.24 (03) [E]<br><br></span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Hello, all!</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="Ih2E3d">
<br>
In a recent and deliciously perceptive post Gael Fonken wrote:<br>
</div><blockquote style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><div class="Ih2E3d">
<blockquote dir="ltr" style="margin-right: 0px;">
<p><span> " I'm
working on another topic that is equally hard to nail down "for
sure"—which is the way epistemological differences don't translate
exactly. I'm looking at subtle slippages between words like <i>enclosure</i> and <i>edge</i> that open up hidden perceptual connotations <i>that don't have any referent </i>beyond their culture of origin."</span><br>
</p></blockquote>
</div><p>To
see examples of another great mind linking space & time concepts
with culturally bound language constructs (and to open up further
discussion on common germanic and lowlands subject matter) I would
heartily recommend a collection of essays by Paul C, Bauschatz
published as <i>The Well and the Tree: World & Time in Early Germanic Culture. </i>Does anyone on the list know this work?<br></p>
<p>And Ron added these observations:</p><div class="Ih2E3d">
<blockquote dir="ltr" style="margin-right: 0px;">
<p dir="ltr" style="margin-right: 0px;">"Consider the case of the already mentioned cognates: *<i>tūn</i> > German <i>Zaun</i> 'fence', Low Saxon <i>Tuun</i> 'fence' ~ 'garden', Dutch <i>toen</i> 'garden', Scots <i>toon</i> 'town', English "town," or *<i>gata</i> > German <i>Gasse</i> '(small, narrow connecting) street', Scandinavian <i>gata</i>, <i>gade</i> 'street', Middle Saxon <i>gate</i> (fem.)<i> ~ gatte</i> (neut.) 'alley', 'passage way', 'opening' > Modern Low Saxon <i>Gatt</i> 'passageway', 'aperture', 'opening', 'anus', 'backside', 'buttocks' (also Dutch and Afrikaans <i>gat</i>), and also > English "gate." <br>
<br>In
the first example, the earlier postulated Indo-European idea of "woven
branches (for fencing)" ended up not only meaning "fence" but also that
which the fence encloses: "garden" (which is related to "yard" which
goes back to IE *<i>ĝhordo-</i> "woven branches (for fencing)" < IE *<i>ĝher-</i> 'to enclose', cf. Altaic: Mongolian <i>ger</i>
'homestead', 'home' '(movable) house', 'yurt', but that's another story
...) Where this shift from to "garden" occurred, the intermediate step
of "fence" got lost and another word is needed for it. In Britain,
descendants of *<i>tūn</i> came to denote the entire fenced-in
homestead, then probably a cluster of homesteads, and it made the
transition to a larger community, hence "town." A native English
speaker without this knowledge would not think of weaving branches into
fencing when he or she thinks of the meaning of "town." The weaving bit
became irrelevant when cognates of this group became generalized as
"barrier" to include any type of enclosing, such as walls and ramparts.
And here we go outside Germanic and consider Celtic *<i>d</i><i>ūn</i>: Old Irish <i>dún</i>, Galish <i>dûnum</i>, Scottish Gaelic <a name="118613f127d10844_dùn"><i>dùn</i>, Welsh <i>din</i> 'heap', 'walled structure', 'fortress' (cf. Scottish Gaelic </a><i>Dùn Èideann</i> 'Edinburgh'). I don't think that the leap from 'edge' to '(outside) barrier' to 'fence' is a great one." <br>
</p></blockquote></div>I
agree. Another example of this is the oft-noted etymological
relationship between the two "diek-words" in English: "ditch" and
"dike." Someone from outside the culture bounds of germanic traditions
(let's say a plains nomad or desert-dweller) might find it strange that
variants of the same word might refer to a hole in the ground and its
logical opposite: a mound of earth. But among a people for whom earth
moving is as important for survival as weaving it makes perfect sense.</blockquote>
<p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Be well.</p>
<font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" color="#888888">
<p>John Howland</p></font><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">----------</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">From: </span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="HcCDpe"><span class="EP8xU" style="color: rgb(121, 6, 25);">Mark Dreyer</span> <span class="lDACoc"><<a href="mailto:mrdreyer@lantic.net">mrdreyer@lantic.net</a>></span></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Subject: </span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="HcCDpe">LL-L "Etymology" 2008.02.25 (04) [E]</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="HcCDpe"><br>
</span><div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Dear All:</div>
<div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> </div>
<div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Subject: LL- L "Etymology"</div>
<div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> </div>
<div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">...& by no means on the basis of this quotation below in
isolation...</div>
<div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> </div>
<div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><strong>Now</strong> I wonder if Gael studies the Kabbala.</div>
<div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> </div>
<div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span> Gael wrote: "Oh, and in the images of inner soul space I read
about in the Eastern side of Byzantium, people talk of this inner space as being
shaped like a tree growing <strong>inward </strong>with lots of
branches."</span></div>
<div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span></span> </div>
<div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span><font size="2">& if I didn't offer my contributions, it
is only because I was so thoroughly anticipated. Ron doesn't half make one feel
redundant sometimes. Luc is also pretty baddd.</font></span></div>
<div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span></span> </div>
<div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span><font size="2">Mark</font></span></div><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">----------</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">From: R. F. Hahn <<a href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com" target="_blank">sassisch@yahoo.com</a>></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Subject: Etymology<br><br>Thanks for the support, Dan, and thanks also for mentioning what had to be mentioned in this connection:<br><br></span><div style="margin-left: 40px; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Another example of this is the oft-noted etymological
relationship between the two "diek-words" in English: "ditch" and
"dike.</span><br></div><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br>Mark:<br><br></span><div style="margin-left: 40px; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);"><font size="2">Ron doesn't half make one feel
redundant sometimes. Luc is also pretty baddd.</font></span><br></div><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><i><br><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">Ouch!</span></i><br><br>Cheerio!<br><br>Reinhard/Ron<br>
</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">