<div style="text-align: center; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">=========================================================================<br>L O W L A N D S - L - 12 April 2008 - Volume 04<br style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);">
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<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">From: <span style="color: rgb(121, 6, 25);">Mark Dreyer</span> <span><<a href="mailto:mrdreyer@lantic.net" target="_blank">mrdreyer@lantic.net</a>></span></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Subject: LL-L "Etymology" 2008.04.12 (01) [E]<br><br></span><div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<div bgcolor="#ffffff">
<div><span><span style="color: rgb(121, 6, 25);">Beste Wim</span></span></div>
<div><span><span style="color: rgb(121, 6, 25);"></span></span> </div>
<div>Onderwerp: <span>LL-L
"Etymology"</span></div>
<div><span></span> </div>
<div><span>From Mark Dreyer</span></div>
<div><span></span> </div>
<div><span>Looking at another word with a 'LB'
combination, "LaVaN" = 'White' in Hebrew, also Jacob's father-in-law. Leven is
yoghurt. Incidently, 'V' & 'B' are _allophones?_ in the Semetic tongues.
Lebenon of course was known (apart from the ceders) for the snow-capped mountain
peaks.</span></div>
<div><span>Making some no doubt reckless
concessions about word-order, Ron, would this be pertinent?</span></div>
<div><span></span> </div>
<div><span>From Wim </span></div><div>
<div><span></span> </div>
<div><span></span><font color="navy" size="3"><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: navy;" lang="EN-GB">Looking at all these words with
"b l" combinations in them,</span></font></div>
<div><font color="navy"><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: navy;" lang="EN-GB"></span></font> </div>
<div><font color="navy"><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: navy;" lang="EN-GB"></span></font><font color="navy" size="3"><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: navy;" lang="EN-GB">What about the
alps, albinon, libanon, Belarus,<br>(all having to do with white rocks, or snow
covered mountain tops.. or with white, )</span></font></div>
<div><font color="navy"><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: navy;" lang="EN-GB"></span></font> </div>
</div><div><font color="navy" size="3"><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: navy;" lang="EN-GB">Yrs,</span></font></div>
<div><font color="navy" size="3"><span style="font-size: 10pt; color: navy;" lang="EN-GB">Mark</span></font></div></div>
</div><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">---------</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">From: R. F. Hahn <<a href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com" target="_blank">sassisch@yahoo.com</a>></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Subject: Etymology<br><br>Of course, guys, now we've got to be careful because we are starting to assume metatheses: *<i>b-l-</i> > *<i>l-b-</i><i> > *-lb</i>. While this is by no means impossible, we'd have to come up with a good set of proof.<br>
<br>Yes, Latin for white in <i>alb-</i> (as in <i>albino</i>), which would be at the other extreme we're talking about. <br><br>Did the Romans mean "the white (land)" when the called Northern Britain <i>Alba</i> (perhaps <i>terra alba</i> originally), later meaning 'Scotland" specifically?</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Many people do indeed believe that the name of the Alps refers to "white." Others believe it came from a Celtic language spoken there long before the arrival of the Romans.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Some believe that *</span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">bhal</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> is related to *</span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">bhae</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> 'shine', as in Sanskrit भानू </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">bhānū</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> 'shine' and Celtic *</span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">b</i><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">ān</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> 'white' and *</span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">benn</i><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">ā</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> '(snowy) peak' (> </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">ben</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">), and there are all those modern versions of Celtic *</span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">bal(l)</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> 'white spotted' and *</span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">bl</i><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">ā</i><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">r</i> (cf. Dutch <i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">blaar</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">) 'blaze' (also Welsh </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">blawr</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> 'iron-gray'). To this group belongs Celtic *</span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">bealtuinn</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> ("bright fire")</span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> '</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Beltane' as well</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Wim, "Belarus" is clear: </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">bel-</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> mean 'white' in Slavic languages, and it's related to this group.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">But we have to get careful for we might get get carried away guessing. For instance, you get the river name Elbe (German), Low Saxon </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Elv'</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> ~ </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Ilv'</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> (< </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Elve</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">), Sorbian </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Łobjo</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">, Polish </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Łaba</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">, Czech </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Labe</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">, Latin </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Albis</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> (Ptolemy). But let's not jump to the conclusion that there's a connection with the aforementioned group (though there </span><b style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">is</b><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> a </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Bílé Labe</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> "White Elbe" in the Czech Republic)! The name goes back to Germanic *</span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">alb-iz</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> 'riverbed', as also found in Swedish </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">älv</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> 'deep river-bed', Middle Saxon </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">elve</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> 'riverbed', the Old English river name </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Ielf</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> and the Old Norse one </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Elfr</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Mark, yes, what you mentioned is one of those instances that has made many a person wonder if there is a connection between Indo-European and Afro-Asiatic. </span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Hebrew:</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">white: לָבָן </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>l</b>ā<b>b</b>hān </i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">> </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">lavan</i><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">milk: חָלָבָ </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">ħā<b>l</b>ā<b>b</b>h </i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">> </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">xalav</i><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Aramaic:</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">milk: ܚܠܒܐ </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">ħā<b>lb</b>ā</i><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Arabic:</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">milk: حليب </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">ħa<b>l</b>ī<b>b</b>, </i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">لبنیات </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><b>l</b>i<b>b</b>nīyyat</i><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Lebanon:</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Arabic: لبنان </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Lubnān </i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">(local dialect </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Lubnēn</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">)</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Aramaic ܠܒܢܐܢ </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Labnān</i><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Hebrew: לבנון </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Lebhanown</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> > </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Levanon<br>
</i><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">It is generally accepted that Lebanon originally meant "white one."</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">But remember: we were talking about Indo-European *</span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">bhal</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Regards,</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Reinhard/Ron</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
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