<div style="text-align: center; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">=========================================================================<br>L O W L A N D S - L - 19 April 2008 - Volume 03<br>-------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>
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</div><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">From: </span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="HcCDpe"><span class="EP8xU" style="color: rgb(0, 104, 28);">Sandy Fleming</span> <span class="lDACoc"><<a href="mailto:sandy@scotstext.org">sandy@scotstext.org</a>></span></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Subject: </span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="HcCDpe">LL-L "Etymology" 2008.04.14 (05) [D/E]<br><br></span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
> From: </span><a style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" href="mailto:heatherrendall@tiscali.co.uk">heatherrendall@tiscali.co.uk</a><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> <</span><a style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" href="mailto:heatherrendall@tiscali.co.uk">heatherrendall@tiscali.co.uk</a><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
> Subject: LL-L "Etymology" 2008.04.13 (04) [E]</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
> Simeon Potter Our Language</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
> Baugh & Cable History the the English Language</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
> anything by David Crystal</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
> in German I only know Eggers Sprachgeschichte which I found</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
> excellent. Maybe other forum members can recommend other titles.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
> From: R. F. Hahn <</span><a style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com">sassisch@yahoo.com</a><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
> Subject: Etymology</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
> Sandy, I'm not aware of any literature specifically devoted to</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
> etymological methodology. It seems to be implicit and scattered in a</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
> variety of literature, mostly on historical linguistics.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
> I can sort of recommend the following:</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
> * Theodora Bynon, Historical Linguistics (Cambridge University</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
> Press, 1977) ISBN 0-521-29188-7</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
> * April McMahon, Understanding Language Change (Cambridge</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
> University Press, 1994) ISBN 0-521-44665-1</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
> * James Milroy, Linguistic Variation and Change (Blackwell,</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
> 1992) ISBN 0-631-14367-X</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
> * Richard D. Janda & Brian D. Joseph (eds.), The Handbook of</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
> Historical Linguistics (Blackwell, 2004) ISBN 1-4051-2747-3</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
> On the Web, the following provides a very simple introduction with</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
> fairly good imbedded links:</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
> </span><a style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etymology" target="_blank">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etymology</a><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Thanks folks! That's a useful summary on the wiki, Ron, I found the link</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
to the "List of Etymologies" particularly interesting. "Firth" is from</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
"fjord"? The things you learn!</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" color="#888888"><br>
Sandy Fleming<br>
<a href="http://scotstext.org/" target="_blank">http://scotstext.org/</a><br>
</font><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">----------</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">From: R. F. Hahn <<a href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com">sassisch@yahoo.com</a>></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Subject: Etymology</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">You're more than welcome, Sandy, as far as I am concerned.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><div style="margin-left: 40px; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">"Firth" is from "fjord"? The things you learn!</span><br>
</div><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Well, Old Norse has </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">fjorðr</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> (also spelled </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">fjǫrðr</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">, pronounced [ˈfjɔrðr̩], > Modern Icelandic </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">fjörður</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">). There's a fricative in there, hence the "th".</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">My theory is that the donor variety ("Old Danish"? "Old Norwegian"?), which may have already cast off the old </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">-r</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> (or else people recognized it as a foreign </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">morpheme),</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> had an umlauted version (*</span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">fjörð</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> [fjœrð] or *</span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">f(j)yrð</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> [f(j)ʏrð]). This might explain the vowel in "firth".</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Regards,</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Reinhard/Ron</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">