<div style="text-align: center; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">=========================================================================<br>L O W L A N D S - L - 02 July 2008 - Volume 05<br style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);">
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<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">From: Ivison dos Passos Martins <<a href="mailto:ipm7d@OI.COM.BR">ipm7d@OI.COM.BR</a>></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Subject: Saxonian</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Hallo!</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Has the language they spoke in Saxonia in the 5th century AD. been</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
preserved in any way? English comes from that language (dialect?), so is</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
it very different from English today? How close is it to German?</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Ah, It's all right, Ron. No problem.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Regards,</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Ívison.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">----------</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">From: R. F. Hahn <<a href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com" target="_blank">sassisch@yahoo.com</a>>
<br>
Subject: Phonology<br><br>And yet again hi, </span></font><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Ívison!<br>
<br>There's a great difference between Old Saxon and Modern Low Saxon varieties. These seem to be less in terms of phonology (since Low Saxon is comparatively conservative in this regard), more in terms of morphology. Modern Low Saxon morphology is much simplified, though not quite as simplified as English morphology is in comparison with that of Old English.<br>
<br>Old English, Old Frisian, Old Franconian and Old Saxon are fairly closely related and were at one point in time mutually comprehensible. Apparently, English missionaries didn't have any problems when the went to Continental Saxony to convert the people in their ancestors' home country. (The English were more widely Christianized earlier because of Irish missionaries.) Old German is the odd one in the bunch, mostly because of consonant shifts: t > ts > s, p > pf > f, k > kch > ch, hence <i>zît</i> > <i>Zeit</i>, <i>wazzar</i> > <i>Wasser</i>, <i>pfeffer</i> > <i>Pfeffer</i>, <i>k(ch)ohhen</i> > <i>kochen</i>, compared with Saxon <i>t</i></span></font><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">îd</span></font></i><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> > <i>Tied</i> (tide, time), <i>watar</i> > <i>Water</i> (water), <i>pêper</i> > <i>Peper</i> (pepper), <i>kâkan</i> > <i>kaken</i> (to cook) respectively. German later added diphthongization of certain long vowels (as in </span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><i>zît</i> > <i>Zeit</i>, and <i>h</i></span></font><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><i>ûs</i> > <i>Haus</i> 'house') and Dutch and English diphthongized those too (but Scots did not diphthongize long [u:], as in <i></i><i>hoose</i> 'house'). Low Saxon did not participate in any of these shifts, so it is indeed very conservative, as is Frisian.<br>
<br></span><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"></span></font><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"></span><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Ívison, in order to get an idea of the differences between the old, middle and modern varieties, I suggest you take a look at our translations of the wren story, several of which come with audio files:<br>
</span></font><ul style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><li><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><b>Old English</b><br><a href="http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/englisc-roman.php">http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/englisc-roman.php</a><br>
<a href="http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/englisc-roman2.php">http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/englisc-roman2.php</a></span></font></li><li><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><b>Middle English</b><br>
<a href="http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/english-m-verse1-roman.php">http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/english-m-verse1-roman.php</a><br><a href="http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/english-m-verse2-roman.php">http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/english-m-verse2-roman.php</a></span></font></li>
<li><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><b>Early Modern English</b><br><a href="http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/english-e-m-roman.php">http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/english-e-m-roman.php</a><br>
</span></font></li><li><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><b>Old Saxon</b><br><a href="http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/oldsaxon-roman.php">http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/oldsaxon-roman.php</a></span></font></li>
<li><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><b>Middle Saxon</b><br><a href="http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/sassysch-roman.php">http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/sassysch-roman.php</a></span></font></li>
<li><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><b>Modern Low Saxon</b><br>many versions - check under <a href="http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/contents.php">http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/contents.php</a></span></font></li>
<li><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><b>Old German</b><br><a href="http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/diutisc-roman1.php">http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/diutisc-roman1.php</a></span></font></li>
<li><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><b>Modern German</b><br>several versions - check under <a href="http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/contents.php">http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/contents.php</a></span></font></li>
</ul><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">There are also Scandinavian versions, and versions in many other languages.<br><br>Lists of contents:<br></span></font><ul style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<li><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Chinese (simplified):</span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> <a href="http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/">http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/</a></span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">images/zh-jianti.gif</span></font></li>
<li><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Chinese (traditional): <a href="http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/images/zh-fanti.gif">http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/images/zh-fanti.gif</a></span></font></li>
<li><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Dutch: <a href="http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/contents-nl.php">http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/contents-nl.php</a></span></font></li>
<li><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">English: <a href="http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/contents.php">http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/contents.php</a></span></font></li>
<li><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">French: <a href="http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/contents-fr.php">http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/contents-fr.php</a></span></font></li>
<li><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">German: <a href="http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/contents-de.php">http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/contents-de.php</a></span></font></li>
<li><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Malay/Indonesian: <a href="http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/contents-id-my.php">http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/contents-id-my.php</a></span></font></li>
<li><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Portuguese: <a href="http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/contents-pt.php">http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/contents-pt.php</a></span></font></li>
<li><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Russian: <a href="http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/contents-ru.php">http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/contents-ru.php</a></span></font></li>
<li><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Spanish: <a href="http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/contents-es.php">http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/contents-es.php</a></span></font></li>
</ul><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Index Page: </span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"> <a href="http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/">http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/</a><br>
<br>Enjoy!<br><br>Reinhard/Ron<br></span></font><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"></span></font>