<div style="text-align: center; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">=========================================================================<br>L O W L A N D S - L - 11 July 2008 - Volume 06<br style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);">
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<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">From: <a href="mailto:ipm7d@oi.com.br">ipm7d@oi.com.br</a></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Subject: Northern Low Saxon/Low German (Lowlands Orthography)</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Hallo everybody,</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
I've been studying Northern Low Saxon/Low German (Lowlands</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Orthography)</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
and I'd like to know how do they differ: goud (good) from Gold</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
(gold) (I'm not sure of the spelling of the last one).</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
How do you spell and pronunce Bouk - Goud and Gold?</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Regards,</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Ívison dos Passos Martins.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">----------</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">From: R. F. Hahn <<a href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com" target="_blank">sassisch@yahoo.com</a>>
<br>
Subject: Orthography<br><br>Hi, Ívison!<br><br>I think you are mistaken with <i>goud</i> meaning 'gold' on Low Saxon. That's Dutch.<br><br>'Gold' is <i>gold</i> or <i>guld </i>in Low Saxon, depending on the dialect.<br>
<br>Low Saxon <i>goud</i> (in the AS and some orthographies in the Netherlands) means 'good'.<br><br>The pronunciation depends on the dialect.<br><br>The farwestern dialects pronounce /g/ as a fricative ([ɣ] or [</span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">χ</span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">]) everywhere. In the other dialects this applies only to the end of a syllable; elsewhere it is pronounced [g] as in "good".<br>
<br> What is written as "ou" in the AS orthography ("oo" in the German-based systems) is pronounced [ɔˑʊ] or [eˑʊ] (as in English "go") and </span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[aˑʊ] (as in English "cow") -- both of them slightly lengthened.<br>
<br>Before sonororants (/m/, /n/, /ŋ/, /l/ and /r/, and also before vowels and glides, thus in diphthongs) vowels are always slightly lengthened. Some people, especially in the Netherlands, perceive these as truly long and write them double, e.g. <i>laand</i> instead of <i>land</i>. This slight lengthening thus applies to the word for 'gold' as well. Originally, /l/ in a syllable coda was pronounced "thick" ([ł]) as in English "gold" and "ball" (not quite as "thick" as in Brazilian Portuguese <i>Portuga<b>l</b></i>, though); it still is in the farwest, but [l] has come in elsewhere under German influence.<br>
<br>So ...<br><br><i>bouk</i> (<i>Book</i>) [b</span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">ɔˑʊk</span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">] ~ [</span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">baˑʊ</span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">k] 'book'<br>
<i>goud</i> (goot) </span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[g</span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">ɔˑʊt</span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">] ~ [</span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">gaˑʊ</span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">t] 'good'<br>
<i>gold</i> ~ <i>guld</i> (</span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><i>Gold</i> ~ <i>Guld</i></span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">) </span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">[g</span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">ɔˑ</span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">ł</span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">t</span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">] ~ [</span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">g</span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">ʊ</span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">ˑ</span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">ł</span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">t] 'gold'<br>
<br></span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Ívison, to answer your question of the other day, there is no standard dialect and standard spelling for Low Saxon, though there are some quasi-standard orthographies for some dialect groups, which, however, are followed mostly incorrectly. People would rather have their language die than get united and come up with one system. In part this has to do with ignorance. People mistakenly assume that using one orthographic system for all dialects is the same as creating one standard dialect. This is result of centuries of language suppression and oppression as well as insufficient education. It did not help that in Germany a couple of people created a less than ideal German-based orthography that most people try to follow haphazardly. So, sorry you're having to put up with a ness as far as orthography is concerned.<br>
<br>Furthermore, </span></font><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Ívison, I may be repeating myself, but I really do recommend that you check out the various Low Saxon translations of the wren story, most of which come with audio files and in more than one kind of spelling. Go to the following pages and look for "Low Saxon" or "baixo saxão":<br>
<br>English: <a href="http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/contents.php">http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/contents.php</a><br>Portuguese: <a href="http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/contents-pt.php">http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/contents-pt.php</a><br>
<br>Regards and Kumpelmenten,<br>Reinhard/Ron<br><br></span></font>