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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">===========================================<br>
L O W L A N D S - L - 26 September 2008 - Volume 01<span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);"><br>
-------------------------------------------------------------------------<br>
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===========================================</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"><br>
From: <span class="ep8xu"><span><span style="color: rgb(0, 104, 28);">Mari Sarv</span></span></span><span class="hccdpe"> </span><span class="ldacoc"><<a href="mailto:mari@haldjas.folklore.ee">mari@haldjas.folklore.ee</a>></span><br>
Subject: <span class="hccdpe">LL-L "Resources" 2008.09.25 (02) [E]</span><br style="">
<br style="">
</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">We have one replica-barge here in Tartu
(by the way, I'm going to trip tonight)</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">They use sometimes the term „koge" about it.</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"> </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><a href="http://www.lodi.ee/index.php?option=com_content&task=blogcategory&id=5&Itemid=9" target="_blank">http://www.lodi.ee/index.php?option=com_content&task=blogcategory&id=5&Itemid=9</a></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"> </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">Mari Sarv</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">Estonia</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 30pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;">From: </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(0, 104, 28);">Wesley Parish</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"> <<a href="mailto:wes.parish@paradise.net.nz" target="_blank">wes.parish@paradise.net.nz</a>><br>
Subject: LL-L "History" - Bremen
cog et alii<br>
<br>
Hi.<br>
<br>
I'm interested in a vessel called the cog, a Friesian/Saxon vessel, it<br>
appears, the workhorse of the Hanseatic
League, and the inspiration for the<br>
Mediteranean carrack, which, mated with the Hispanic/Maghreb xebec/caravel,<br>
produced the galleon, which after much effort, produced the modern ship.<br>
<br>
There's been a cog found in Bremen, and several replicas built; there's been a<br>
cog found in Denmark, an earlier vintage, and various bits and pieces<br>
archeologists have discovered at various times and places.<br>
<br>
I'm thinking, I can't be the only person who'd like to have a central resource<br>
for this vessel. (Among other things, I have yet to find a site that has
its<br>
lines - I'm hoping one of these days to built a half-sized replica, so that<br>
when people tell me to get lost, I can comply for once! ;)<br>
<br>
Thanks<br>
<br>
Wesley Parish</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 30pt;"><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Palatino; color: black;" lang="DE">-- </span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Palatino;" lang="DE"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 30pt;"><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Palatino; color: black;" lang="DE">Wolfram Antepohl</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Palatino;" lang="DE"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 30pt;"><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Palatino; color: black;" lang="DE">Lindesbergsgatan 4</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Palatino;" lang="DE"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 30pt;"><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Palatino; color: black;" lang="DE">582 53 Linköping</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Palatino;" lang="DE"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 30pt;"><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Palatino; color: black;" lang="DE">013-125243</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Palatino;" lang="DE"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 30pt;"><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Palatino; color: black;" lang="DE">073-6002667</span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Palatino;" lang="DE"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 30pt;"><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Palatino; color: black;"><a href="mailto:wolfram@antepohl.se" target="_blank"><span style="" lang="DE">wolfram@antepohl.se</span></a></span><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Palatino;" lang="DE"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">----------<br>
<br>
From: <span class="ep8xu"><span><span style="color: rgb(121, 6, 25);">Kevin & Cheryl Caldwell</span></span></span><span class="hccdpe"> </span><span class="ldacoc"><<a href="mailto:kevin.caldwell1963@verizon.net">kevin.caldwell1963@verizon.net</a>></span><br>
Subject: <span class="hccdpe">LL-L "Resources" 2008.09.25 (02) [E]</span><br style="">
<br style="">
</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">I guess that would be English "cockle."</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"> </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">Kevin Caldwell</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"><br>
From: <span style="color: rgb(121, 6, 25);">Wolfram Antepohl</span> <<a href="mailto:wolfram@antepohl.se" target="_blank">wolfram@antepohl.se</a>><br>
Subject: LL-L "Resources" 2008.09.25 (01) [E]</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;">Hi Wesley!</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">You may find these sites interesting: <a href="http://www.koggmuseet.se/" target="_blank">http://www.koggmuseet.se/</a>
and <a href="http://www.hansekogge.de/" target="_blank">http://www.hansekogge.de/</a>.
They are in Swedish and German respectively, but alltogether dedicated to the
cog. There´s quite som contact information - maybe those are the people to get
in touch with when thinking of a central resource.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">Btw, the "hansekogge"-site mentions that the
word "kogge" is related to a comman LL word for mussel. I found
"kokkel"/"kokhaan" in Dutch. Anybody aware of other LL
cognates?</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">Greetings</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">Wolfram<br style="">
<br style="">
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">----------<br>
<br>
From: <span class="ep8xu"><span><span style="color: rgb(91, 16, 148);">Roland Desnerck</span></span></span><span class="hccdpe"> </span><span class="ldacoc"><<a href="mailto:desnerck.roland@skynet.be">desnerck.roland@skynet.be</a>></span><br>
Subject: <span class="hccdpe">LL-L "Resources" 2008.09.25 (02) [E]</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="NL">Beste Laaglanders,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="NL"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="NL">Het woord "kogge" is bij ons goed bekend en
gekend. Het was in de late middeleeuwen een houten handelsvaartuig met
mogelijkheid tot goede verdediging van de handelswaar. Er konden immers op
voor- en achterschip stellingen (met kantelen) aangebrcht worden. Deze
relatief grote vaartuigen (veel groter dan de open schuiten) hadden naast de
gewone schepelingen ook soldaten aan boord ter bescherming van de kostbare
handelswaar. Aanvankelijk waren deze stellages op voor- en achterschip
afneembaar, maar geleidelijk vergroeiden ze tot achter- en voorplecht. Ze
hadden kantelen en werden dan ook voor- en achterkasteel genoemd. </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="NL">Dit woord achterkasteel kennen wij in ons dialect nog ter
aanduiding van het achterste, je poep (wat ook al uit het Latijn
"pupis"0 = achterschip, komt!). </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="NL">De grootste koggen werden hanzakogge genoemd. Vele lagen
er te Brugge!</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="NL">De kleinere werden soms ook voor de visserij ingezet. Die
hadden dan geen "kastelen" en werden gezamenlijk beschermd door
konvooischepen die toen "vreitscepen", vredeschepen genoemd werden
(nu zijn het oorlogsschepen)! Ze konden ook afspreken elkaar bij te staan tot
in de dood, dit noemde men "gezworen varen". Als er één door piraten
aanghevallen werd, dan trokken alle anderen daarheen om te helpen! Dit was
zeker het geval in de hoogtijd van het haringvissen, d.w.z. na halverwege juni.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="NL">Deze periode werd de "haeryncteelt" genoemd, de
periode ervoor de "voorvanc", die erna "de achtervanc". Interessant
voor onze medetaalvorsers die het eerder al hadden over telen, teelt, veeteelt,
teelaarde en ... misschien ook teelballen haden willen vermelden!</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="NL">Ook dit nog: de familienaam "Cogghe" komt
ruimschoots voor hier in West-Vlaanderen en zeker aan de kust!!</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="NL">Wij kennen ook een zeer oude Oostendse uitdrukking:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="NL">- kogge zien : buiten tel zijn, niet meetellen</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="NL">- kogge zien én gin tél: gevonden bij De Bo, West-Vlaams
Idioticon, blz. 1471: Te Oostende zegt men " kogge zijn en geen tel"
of enkelijk "kogge zijn" voor niet mederekenen Dat neefken is uit
zi!jn ooms testament gesloten: 't is kogge. De Bo heeft dit omstreeks 1850 te
Oostende opgetekend!</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="NL"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="NL">Toetnoasteki!</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="NL">Roland Desnerck</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">Oostende</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">West-Vlaanderen.<br style="">
<br style="">
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;">----------<br>
<br>
From: </span><span class="ep8xu"><span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(200, 137, 0);">Kevin & Cheryl
Caldwell</span></span></span><span class="hccdpe"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"> </span></span><span class="ldacoc"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><<a href="mailto:kevin.caldwell1963@verizon.net">kevin.caldwell1963@verizon.net</a>></span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"><br>
Subject: </span><span class="hccdpe"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">LL-L "Resources" 2008.09.25 (01) [E]</span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">Here's
some information on the cog:</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"> </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><a href="http://www.abc.se/%7Em10354/mar/cog.htm" target="_blank">http://www.abc.se/~m10354/mar/cog.htm</a></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><a href="http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Cog-%28ship%29" target="_blank">http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Cog-%28ship%29</a></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"> </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">And if you can read German, there's this
replica:</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"> </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><a href="http://www.hansekogge.de/hkwcms/index.php?index" target="_blank">http://www.hansekogge.de/hkwcms/index.php?index</a></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"> </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);">And a Dutch-built replica:</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"> </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><a href="http://www.kamper-kogge.nl/" target="_blank">http://www.kamper-kogge.nl/</a></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"> </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-family: Arial;">Kevin
Caldwell<span style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><br style="">
<br style="">
</span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;">----------<br>
<br>
From: </span><span class="ep8xu"><span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(204, 0, 96);">Wesley Parish</span></span></span><span class="hccdpe"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"> </span></span><span class="ldacoc"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"><<a href="mailto:wes.parish@paradise.net.nz">wes.parish@paradise.net.nz</a>></span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: black;"><br>
Subject: </span><span class="hccdpe"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">LL-L "Resources" 2008.09.25 (01) [E]</span></span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"><br>
Hi.<br>
<br>
Thanks for the responses. FWIW, I've seen the English word
"cockle"<br>
used "colloquially" for a small boat. Some of the books I've
been reading<br>
lately on mediaeval shipping point out that the Hanseatic cog originated as a<br>
dugout with planked-up sides, quite similar to the way the Polynesians built<br>
up their ocean-going canoes. I can see it would've remained in use, even<br>
when the cog became a fully-planked vessel as big as a modern-day ferry.<br>
<br>
I found the Deutsches Schiffahrtsmuseum:<br>
<a href="http://www.dsm.museum/MA/cog.htm" target="_blank">http://www.dsm.museum/MA/cog.htm</a><br>
<br>
I tried to contact one of the staff there, Dr. Per Hoffmann, but never got a<br>
reply.<br>
<br>
And there's this:<br>
<a href="http://www.bremerhaven.de/sixcms/detail.php?id=13309" target="_blank">http://www.bremerhaven.de/sixcms/detail.php?id=13309</a><br>
<br>
I've also come across this site:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"><a href="http://www.abc.se/%7Em10354/mar/cog.htm" target="_blank">http://www.abc.se/~m10354/mar/cog.htm</a></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">which has
urls to these sites:<br>
<a href="http://www.abc.se/%7Em10354/publ/paernu.htm" target="_blank">http://www.abc.se/~m10354/publ/paernu.htm</a><br>
<a href="http://www.abc.se/%7Em10354/mar/danzig.htm" target="_blank">http://www.abc.se/~m10354/mar/danzig.htm</a><br>
<a href="http://www.abc.se/%7Em10354/mas/981mkogg.htm" target="_blank">http://www.abc.se/~m10354/mas/981mkogg.htm</a><br>
and:<br>
<a href="http://www.abc.se/%7Em10354/uwa/shipping.htm" target="_blank">http://www.abc.se/~m10354/uwa/shipping.htm</a><br>
<br>
Then there's these:<br>
<a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/guernsey/content/articles/2004/07/27/cog_ship_feature.shtml" target="_blank">http://www.bbc.co.uk/guernsey/content/articles/2004/07/27/cog_ship_feature.shtml</a><br>
<a href="http://users.pandora.be/urbiehome/KOGGE.html" target="_blank">http://users.pandora.be/urbiehome/KOGGE.html</a><br>
<a href="http://www.koldinghus.dk/Default.aspx?ID=585" target="_blank">http://www.koldinghus.dk/Default.aspx?ID=585</a><br>
<br>
The Danish one gives the locations of a number of cog wrecks. It appears<br>
there's three wrecks in the (former) Greater Frisia, and the rest have been<br>
found in the Hanseatic League trading
partners' territories.<br>
<br>
From what I've read, the cog owed its success to a couple of things: it was<br>
flat-bottomed with a shallow draft, which meant it could sail in quite<br>
shallow harbours and rivers; and it had a high freeboard, which meant a small<br>
crew could defend it against a much larger pirate's crew - particularly as<br>
most of the pirates in the Baltic were using the viking dragon ships, which<br>
had a low freeboard.<br>
<br>
Wesley Parish<br>
<br>
> From: R. F. Hahn <<a href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com">sassisch@yahoo.com</a>><br>
> Subject: Etymology<br>
><br>
> Wolfram asked under "Resources":<br>
><br>
> Btw, the "hansekogge"-site mentions that the word
"kogge" is related to a<br>
> comman LL word for mussel. I found "kokkel"/"kokhaan"
in Dutch. Anybody<br>
> aware of other LL cognates?<br>
><br>
> One of the cognates is English "cockle".<br>
><br>
> The biological family is *Cardiidae* (cf. German *Herzmuschel* "heart<br>
> mussel", Dutch *hartschelp ~ kokkel*, Danish *hjertemusling ~ jolle*,<br>
> Norwegian *hjerteskell*, Swedish *hjärtmussla ~ musselskal*, Polish<br>
> *sercówka, Ukrainaian серцевидка*, Russian *сердцевидка ~ плевел*,<br>
> Lithuanian *širdutės, Latvian sirsniņgliemeņu dzimta*).<br>
><br>
> Old English: coccle<br>
> Middle English: cokkel<br>
> Scots: cokkil, cockill, cockle<br>
> < Medieval Latin: cocculus, dim. of *coccus*, Greek *kokkos* 'kermes
berry'<br>
><br>
> Regards,<br>
> Reinhard/Ron<br>
<br>
--<br>
Clinersterton beademung, with all of love - RIP James Blish<br>
-----<br>
Gaul is quartered into three halves.
Things which are<br>
impossible are equal to each other. Guerrilla<br>
warfare means up to their monkey tricks.<br>
Extracts from "Schoolboy Howlers" - the collective wisdom<br>
of the foolish.<br>
-----<br>
Mau e ki, he aha te mea nui?<br>
You ask, what is the most important thing?<br>
Maku e ki, he tangata, he tangata, he tangata.<br>
I reply, it is people, it is people, it is people. <br></span></p>
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