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<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="NL">===========================================</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="PT-BR">L
O W L A N D S - L - 02 March 2009 - Volume 05</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; text-align: center;" align="center"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="NL">===========================================</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="NL"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">From: <span class="ep8xu"><span style="color: rgb(121, 6, 25);">Mike
Morgan</span></span></span><span class="hccdpe"> </span><span class="ldacoc"><<a href="mailto:mwmosaka@gmail.com">mwmosaka@gmail.com</a>></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">Subject: <span class="hccdpe">LL-L "Etymology"
2009.03.02 (04) [E]</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">On Tue, Mar
3, 2009 at 2:38 AM, Lowlands-L List <<a href="mailto:lowlands.list@gmail.com" target="_blank">lowlands.list@gmail.com</a>> wrote:</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt 40px;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Another Old Germanic loan in Finnic: Finnish </span><i style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">leipä</i><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">,
Estonian </span><i style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">leib</i><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">, Veps </span><i style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">leib, liib</i><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">, Sami </span><i style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">láibi </i><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">'bread'; cf.
Germanic *</span><i style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">hlaiba(z)</i><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">, Gothic </span><i style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">hlaifs</i><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">, Old Norse </span><i style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">hleifr</i><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">, Old
German </span><i style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">leib</i><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);"> (> </span><i style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">Laib</i><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">), Old English </span><i style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">hlāf</i><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);"> (>
"loaf"), Old Frisian </span><i style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">hlêf</i><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">. The Germanic cognates mentioned
here all used to mean 'bread' as well as 'loaf'.</span></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">And that
one too, like kuningas, found its way into Slavic (via Balto-Finnic?) -- as for
example the Russian word for bread.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"><br>
U C > || mwm<br>
================ <br>
Dr Michael W Morgan <br>
Ishara Foundation || </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Mangal;" lang="HI">ईशारा</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="HI"> </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Mangal;" lang="HI">फॉउंडेशन</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="HI"> </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">|| </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">イシャラ基金</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"><br>
Mumbai/Bombay *|* </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Mangal;" lang="HI">मुंबई</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="HI"> *</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">|*
</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">ムンバイ</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">/</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">ボンベイ</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"> (</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: SimSun;" lang="ZH-CN">インド</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">)<br>
<a href="http://www.ishara.org/" target="_blank">www.ishara.org</a><br>
+++++++++++++++<br>
Wer fremde Sprachen nicht kennt, weiß nichts von seiner eigenen. (Johann
Wolfgang von Goethe)<br>
<br>
----------<br>
<br>
From: R. F. Hahn <<a href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com" target="_blank">sassisch@yahoo.com</a>>
<br>
Subject: Etymology<br>
<br>
Thanks, Mike.</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"> </span></p>
<div style="margin-left: 40px;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial; color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">as for example the Russian word for bread.</span><br><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"></span></div>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">
<br>
Indeed! <br>
<br>
It must be a very old loan considering its spead among the Slavic languages:</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"> </span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">Belarusian: хлеб (xleb)</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">Bulgarian: хляб (xljab)</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">Czech: chléb</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">Kashubian: chléb</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">Lower Sorbian: klěb</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">Polish: chleb</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">Russian: хлеб (xleb)</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">Serbian: хлеб (hleb)</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">Slovak: chlieb</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">Ukrainian: хліб (xlib)</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">Upper Sorbian: chlěb</span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"><br></span></p><p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">The only exceptions I can think of:<br>
Croatian: kruh<br>
Slovenian: kruh<br>
Polabian: stajba<br>
<br>
Regards,<br>
Reinhard/Ron<br>
Seattle, USA</span></p>
<p>
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