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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" align="center"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">===========================================<br>
L O W L A N D S - L - 08 April 2009 - Volume 05<br>
===========================================</span></p>
<p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><br>
From: R. F. Hahn <<a href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com" target="_blank"><span style="color: windowtext; text-decoration: none;">sassisch@yahoo.com</span></a>>
<br>
Subject: Literature<br>
<br>
Upon "popular" demand, and now that, happily, the lovely Shetland
Islands are being mentioned again, I am reposting a link to a terrific video
clip of the Shetland Norn ballad <i>Hildinakvadet</i> from Foula, 1774:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><br>
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_TXrn0xoOcE">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_TXrn0xoOcE</a></span><br>
<br>
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">The ballad is sung, and the Norn text is shown with English translations.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Norn is a West Scandinavian language used on the Shetland and </span>Orkney Islands<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> until the mid-19</span><sup style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">th</sup><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
century. The (Scots?) varieties used on these islands now have various Norn
substrata.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
I am assuming that these Scandinavian varieties belong to the West Scandinavian
group to which also the indigenous varieties of Norway and Jamtland (now
Sweden) belong (though not the Norwegian majority language </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Bokmål</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">, which
is Dano-Norwegian, thus essentially East Scandinavian, though influenced by
West Scandinavian as a result of Norwegianization).</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br>
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Apparently, the text of the ballad specifically represents the Norn variety of
Foula (< Fugleøy "</span>Bird<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
</span>Island<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">"),
not Orkney, </span>Caithness<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
or general Shetland Norn. This specific variety used to be referred to as </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Da
Dansk</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">, literally "The Danish". This was most likely because </span>Norway<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> was then a part of </span>Denmark<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">,
and Old Norse was often referred to as </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">d</i></span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">Ç«</span></i><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt;">nsk tunga</span></i><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">, </span><i style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">dansk tunga</i><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> ("Danish tongue").</span><br>
<br>
<i>Kvad</i> means 'poem' or 'ballad', <i>kvadet</i> 'the poem/ballad'. <i>Hildi</i>
is a woman's name, specifically the name of a valkyrie (Old English <i>wælcyrge</i>
or <i>wælcyrie</i>, Norse <i>valkyrja</i>, a female spirit that chooses those
warriors that die in battle). So, <i>Hildinakvadet</i> means something like
"The Hildi Ballad" or "The Ballad of Hildi".<br>
<br>
In 1774, this ballad was recited by Foula resident William Henry for the
Scottish researcher George Low. Low wrote it down under the title "The
Earl of Orkney and the King of Norway's Daughter: a ballad". It was
first published in England
and Norway
in the early part of the 19<sup>th</sup> century.<br>
<br>
Along with an introduction and a list of Norn words, you can find the text as
spelled by Low, and also an English translation, here:<br>
<br>
<a href="http://www.foulaheritage.org.uk/Foula%201774%20%20Norn.htm">http://www.foulaheritage.org.uk/Foula%201774%20%20Norn.htm</a><br>
<br>
Enjoy!<br>
<br>
Regards,<br>
Reinhard/Ron<br>
Seattle, USA<br style="">
<br style="">
</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">----------<br>
<br>
From: Hannelore Hinz  <<a href="mailto:HanneHinz@t-online.de" target="_blank">HanneHinz@t-online.de</a>></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">Subject:
LL-L "Holidays" 2009.04.07 (05) [E]</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">Â </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">Bester Ron,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">Â </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">ich möchte dir für die Ostergrüße herzlich danken und
auch dir mit diesem taufrischen Sonett eine Freude bereiten.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">Â </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Osterwasser</span></strong><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE"></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â (Ein
alter Brauch aus </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â
Mecklenburg, Germany)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">Â </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">Am Ostermorgen da sind sie früh munter,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">was haben sie vor, wonach ruft der Tag.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">Sie gehen schweigend ans Ufer hinunter</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">mit Töpfen, Kannen vorbei am Hag.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">Â </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">Nun schöpfen sie rückwärts klar und so rein</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">stroman fließend Heilkraft, so mein Erwähnen,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">und sie preisen zugleich mit leisem Sehnen</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">das Osterwasser, als wäre es Wein.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">Â </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">Sie schleppen heimwärts die Kannen und Töpfe,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">hoch schlagen Herzen wie die Fontänen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">Im Winde da wehen Locken und Zöpfe.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">Â </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">Zuhause lacht Freude, glänzen auch Tränen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">Ja, reines Glück schenkt Natur dem Geschöpfe,</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">die Hoffnung neu blüht, vorbei nun das Sehnen.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">Â </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">Â </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">Dank für LL-L-Arbeit und auch dir besinniche
Feiertage!</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;" lang="DE">Â </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">Hanne</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial;">Â </span></p>
•
<p>
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