<div style="text-align: center; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">===========================================<br>L O W L A N D S - L - 19 May 2009 - Volume 01<br style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);"><span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);">Encoding: Unicode (UTF-08)</span><br style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);">
<span style="color: rgb(102, 102, 102);">Language Codes: <a href="http://lowlands-l.net/codes.php">lowlands-l.net/codes.php</a></span><br>===========================================<br></div><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">From: R. F. Hahn <</span><a style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com" target="_blank">sassisch@yahoo.com</a><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Subject: Orthography</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Dear Lowlanders,</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">As some of you probably know, until around the beginning of the 20th century, Afrikaans used to be written with an adapted Arabic-script system in Southern Africa's Islamic communities.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">There is a blog snippet about this:</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><a href="http://dawudlindewei.wordpress.com/2009/01/29/arabic-afrikaans/">http://dawudlindewei.wordpress.com/2009/01/29/arabic-afrikaans/</a></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">I would like to run my "tweaking" of the example of 1877 by you for your review:</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Arabic script:</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
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<p class="MsoNormal" dir="rtl" style="text-align: center; direction: rtl; unicode-bidi: embed;" align="center"><span style="font-size: 18pt;" lang="AR-SA">ان دي كُوْنِڠْ سْكَبْ اس بِيْدِيْ هُوْكَ اﷲ تََََعٲلا ان ڤارْلِكْ
اﷲ تََََعٲلا اِس بَاس فَِرْ آلْدِي اِتْسْ</span></p>
</div><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Close transliteration:</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><font size="4">ʔǝn dī kūniŋ skap ʔǝs bīdī hūka ʔallāh taʕālā ʔǝn ẘārlik ʔallāh taʕālā ʔis bās fiar ʔāldī ʔits</font><br></div><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Reconstruction:</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: center; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br><font size="4">En die koningskap is by die hoka (= hoge) Allah <i>ta῾ālā</i>. En waarlik Allah <i>ta῾ālā</i> is baas vir al die iets.</font><br></div><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><div style="text-align: right; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<i>ta῾ālā</i> 'may be be exalted'<br></div><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Translation:</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<div style="text-align: center; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><font size="4">And the kingdom is with the high Allah (may he be exalted!). And verily </font><font size="4">Allah (may he be exalted!) is master over all things.<br>
<br></font><div style="text-align: left;">Observations:<br><br><ul><li>Short /i/ and short /e/ are shown as indistinct, which points toward a <i>schwa</i> pronunciation as in <i>en</i> and <i>is</i>.</li><li>In <i>vir</i>, both short /i/ and short /a/ are indicated (atypically two vowel diacritics). I take this as an attempt at symbolizing a low central vowel before /r/.</li>
<li>Long /o/ had already undergone raising to [u:], as in <i>hoge</i> = <i>hūka</i>. (Unfortunately, this brief sample does not show if raising had already been applied to long /e/.)<br></li><li>The velar fricative, spelled <i>g</i> in Afrikaans, is shown as <i>k</i>. I assume that the speaker (most likely a person from what is now Indonesia) pronounced it as [k].</li>
</ul><br>Regards,<br>Reinhard/Ron<br>Seattle, USA<br><br></div>
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