<div style="text-align: center; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">===========================================<br>L O W L A N D S - L - 01 August 2009 - Volume 07<br style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);"><span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);"><a href="mailto:lowlands@lowlands-l.net">lowlands@lowlands-l.net</a> - <a href="http://lowlands-l.net/">http://lowlands-l.net/</a></span><br style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">
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===========================================<br></div><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">From: </span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="gI"><span class="gD" style="color: rgb(121, 6, 25);">Roger Thijs, Euro-Support, Inc.</span> <span class="go"><<a href="mailto:roger.thijs@euro-support.be">roger.thijs@euro-support.be</a>></span></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Subject: </span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="gI">LL-L "Language history" 2009.08.01 (03) [EN]<br><br></span><div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" id=":17x" class="ii gt">
<div bgcolor="#ffffff">
<div><font size="2">It is a recurring item in literature over here in Belgium,
<strong>how it came to that language border</strong>, separating North and
South.</font></div>
<div>Â </div>
<div><font size="2">I just found a new theory in a new book:</font></div>
<div><font size="2"><strong>Les Celtes aux racines de l'Europe</strong>, <font color="#ff0000"><strong>2009</strong></font>, Musée royal de
Mariemont.</font></div>
<div><font size="2">It is a publication of the proceedings of a conference
organized by the government of the "Communauté française de
Belgique".</font></div>
<div><font size="2">p. 123-133Â </font><font size="2">Â one finds an article
(in French):</font></div>
<div>Â </div>
<div><font size="2"><strong>Délimitation et spécificité du peuple celtique dans la
partie occidentale de la Gaule Belgique (IIIe - Ier siècle avant
J.C.)</strong></font></div>
<div><font size="2">by Germaine Leman-Delerive</font></div>
<div><font size="2">The lady is a researcher at the <strong>University of Lille in
France</strong>.</font></div>
<div>Â </div>
<div><font size="2">She did a comparative study of <strong>archeological findings
of furrniture, funeral proceedings, pottery etc</strong>. and she came to the
conclusion that Caesars' Gallia Belgica actually had <strong>two clearly
different cultural regions</strong>, al over the period from the
<strong>IIId century till the Ist century B.C.</strong></font></div>
<div>Â </div>
<div>And the marvelous result is that the <strong>dividing line is virtually
coïncident with the Northern language border</strong>, as we are pretty sure it
was positioned around the 8th century (i.e. including the Boulogne area in the
West).</div>
<div>She doesn't exactly say this explains the language border, but she admits
it is at least a curious coincidence.</div>
<div>A summarizing map with the splitted Gallica Belgica is on p. 133:</div>
<div><a href="http://www.euro-support.be/tmp/lb/leman1.jpg" target="_blank">http://www.euro-support.be/tmp/lb/leman1.jpg</a></div>
<div>Â </div>
<div>
<div><font size="2">A stupid question: since many tribes in pre-Roman UK were
called or associated with Belgae, where they all Celtic or could there
already be some Germanic among them?</font></div>
<div>Â </div></div>
<div><font size="2">That's it.</font></div>
<div>Â </div>
<div><font size="2">I thought is was good to add some maps concerning the
administrative structure of Roman Gaul, as generally accepted.</font></div>
<div><font size="2">I have some problems with the correctness of the borders,
since they are based on the early bishoprics.</font></div>
<div><font size="2">The Northern area started to be christianized in the
<strong>4th century AD</strong> I think, and the bishoprics may be consistent
with the administative borderlines at <strong>that</strong> time. I think it is
dangerous to extrapolate to an earlier past.</font></div>
<div><font size="2">But who can do better? We have <strong>lists</strong> of the
Roman Empire's subdivision, <strong>no (decent) maps</strong>. So it is perhaps
natural to use the oldest known borders of the civitates as the best
option.</font></div>
<div>Â </div>
<div><font size="2">Lemal herself gives (p. 124) a map for Caesar's
time:</font></div>
<div><font size="2"><a href="http://www.euro-support.be/tmp/lb/leman2.jpg" target="_blank">http://www.euro-support.be/tmp/lb/leman2.jpg</a></font></div>
<div>Â </div>
<div><font size="2">A series of the consecutive divisions can be found
in:</font></div>
<div><font size="2">Martial Monteil (University of Nantes) & Laurence Tranoy
(University of La Rochelle)</font></div>
<div><font size="2"><strong>La France gallo-romaine</strong>, 2008, Paris, La
Découverte</font></div>
<div><font size="2">(This book as well as the previous one are in stock in the
Fnac, City-2 shopping center in Brussels)</font></div>
<div>Â </div>
<div><font size="2">1 - Gaul at Caesar's time again</font></div>
<div><font size="2"><a href="http://www.euro-support.be/tmp/lb/monteil1.jpg" target="_blank">http://www.euro-support.be/tmp/lb/monteil1.jpg</a></font></div>
<div>Â </div>
<div><font size="2">2 - As to Strabo's description (around AD 0, on the left)
modernized</font></div>
<div><font size="2"><a href="http://www.euro-support.be/tmp/lb/monteila.jpg" target="_blank">http://www.euro-support.be/tmp/lb/monteila.jpg</a></font></div>
<div><font size="2">This is very consistent with the subdivisions at emperor
Domitianus' time (AD 81-96):</font></div>
<div><font size="2">with a <strong>Lower and an Upper
Germany</strong>:</font></div>
<div><font size="2"><a href="http://www.euro-support.be/tmp/lb/monteilb.jpg" target="_blank">http://www.euro-support.be/tmp/lb/monteilb.jpg</a></font></div>
<div><font size="2">with the civitates more delimited in detail:</font></div>
<div><font size="2"><a href="http://www.euro-support.be/tmp/lb/monteil2.jpg" target="_blank">http://www.euro-support.be/tmp/lb/monteil2.jpg</a></font></div>
<div><font size="2">what gives a tribe in each (later) bishopric's
border.</font></div>
<div>Â </div>
<div><font size="2">3 - The subdivisions (with Roman administrative dioceses
added) in Diocletianus time (284-305)</font></div>
<div><font size="2"><a href="http://www.euro-support.be/tmp/lb/monteilc.jpg" target="_blank">http://www.euro-support.be/tmp/lb/monteilc.jpg</a></font></div>
<div><font size="2"><strong>Germania</strong> is now split in G
<strong>prima</strong> and G <strong>secunda</strong>.</font></div>
<div>Â </div>
<div><font size="2">4. The subdivisions at the end of the 4th
century:</font></div>
<div><font size="2"><a href="http://www.euro-support.be/tmp/lb/monteild.jpg" target="_blank">http://www.euro-support.be/tmp/lb/monteild.jpg</a></font></div>
<div><font size="2">(with nothing new at the North)</font></div>
<div>Â </div>
<div><font size="2">Do these administative divisions tell anything about the
population?</font></div>
<div><font size="2">(Were e.g. the "<strong>Germania</strong>" provinces the
<strong>germanic speaking</strong> areas of the empire?)</font></div>
<div>Â </div>
<div><font size="2">The authors write p. 19, quote:</font></div>
<div><font size="2">"... Ces limites ont-elles un sens pour les populations?
<strong>Aucun </strong>si on croit les sources "officielles", c'est-Ã -dire les
inscriptions relatives à l'administration qui révèlent que les membres de
l'élite gauloise <strong>ne se sentent pas</strong> aquitains, lyonnais ou
belges..... Ces grandes circomscriptions sont donc <strong>purement
administratives, abstraites et lointaines..."</strong></font></div>
<div><font size="2">In summary the authors conclude that <strong>the administative
districts did not coincide with cultural identities</strong>.</font></div>
<div>Â </div>
<div><font size="2">Regards,</font></div>
<div><font size="2">Roger</font></div></div>
</div><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
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