<div style="text-align: center; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">===========================================<br>L O W L A N D S - L - 20 October 2009 - Volume 02<br style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);"><span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);"><a href="mailto:lowlands@lowlands-l.net">lowlands@lowlands-l.net</a> - <a href="http://lowlands-l.net/">http://lowlands-l.net/</a></span><br style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">
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===========================================<br></div><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">From: </span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="gI"><span class="gD" style="color: rgb(121, 6, 25);">DAVID COWLEY</span> <span class="go"><<a href="mailto:DavidCowley@anglesey.gov.uk">DavidCowley@anglesey.gov.uk</a>></span></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Subject: </span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="gI">LL-L "Etymology" 2009.10.15 (03) [EN]<br><br></span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Very interesting - this level of local detail is something which seems
to get overlooked normally, focus normally being given to features such
as rivers and hills. Going further than this should become part of a
thorough study of all England and Lowland Scotland. Hadn't heard about
Davies' book before, which sounds really interesting - shall keep an
eye out for it.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
David</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">----------</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">From: </span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="gI"><span class="gD" style="color: rgb(121, 6, 25);">DAVID COWLEY</span> <span class="go"><<a href="mailto:DavidCowley@anglesey.gov.uk">DavidCowley@anglesey.gov.uk</a>></span></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Subject: </span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="gI">LL-L "Etymology" 2009.10.19 (05) [EN]</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="im">You wrote:<br>
<br><div style="margin-left: 40px;">
<span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">I remember reading on this very list that "yes" in English is from the</span><br style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);">
Welsh "oes".</span><br style="color: rgb(0, 0, 153);"></div>
<br>
</div><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">'Yes' from 'oes'? - very interesting idea. This seems to be the kind of</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
thing that could be checked against the other Germanic languages - if</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
there are no others which had something akin to yes, the theory would be</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
more likely to be right.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
You may be aware that Welsh has lots of words for 'yes', which depend</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
on the situation. A key feature if answering a question is that the</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
answer depends on what was asked, which would give literal translations</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
to English such as the following:</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Are you going out? Â ANS: I am/ I'm not</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Will they be there? ANG: They will/ They won't</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Its occurred to me that this kind of answering is not unheard of in</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
English, especially with yes/ no before, to give emphasis ('yes, I am,</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
no, they won't be). My knowledge of other Germanic languages is limited,</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
but if its the case that this isn't done in any of them, then it would</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
look like another Celtic influence on English. However, if that were to</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
be the case, there'd still be the question of checking how long this has</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
been around (some influence from more recent Welsh/ Irish/ Scottish</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Gaelic speakers couldn't be ruled out).</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
DC</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><div style="margin-left: 40px; color: rgb(0, 0, 153); font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><div class="h5">
From: R. F. Hahn <<a href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com">sassisch@yahoo.com</a>><br>
 Subject: Lexicon<br>
<br>
Hi, Sandy! Interesting!<br>
<br>
I always assumed that "if" was a Germanic word, and the *Oxford<br>
English<br>
Dictionary* seems to agree:<br>
<br>
</div></div><div style="margin-left: 40px; color: rgb(0, 0, 153); font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">[OE. *ƽ**if *(early WS. rare *ƽ**ief*), late WS. *ƽ**yf* (Northumbr.<br>
rare *ƽ<br>
**ef*), corresp. (more or less) to OFris. *ief*, *gef*, *ef* (*jof*,<br></div><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">----------</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">From: </span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="gI"><span class="gD" style="color: rgb(121, 6, 25);">Abel Darwinkel</span> <span class="go"><<a href="mailto:abeldarwinkel@huusvandetaol.nl">abeldarwinkel@huusvandetaol.nl</a>></span></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Subject: </span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="gI">LL-L "Etymology" 2009.10.19 (07) [EN]<br><br>Dear Ron,<br><br>You wrote: The mentioned verb variant, whose root appears to be sii-, survives among the Continental Lowlands languages as well as in Luxembourgian, German and Yiddish; e.g. Low Saxon sien, Dutch zijn, German sein 'to be'.<br>
<br>To be in English, zijn in Dutch, is in different varieties in Low Saxon: weden, wezen or wèzen.<br><br>Dutch words with an -ij are in Low Saxon often pronounced with ie, but not this particular verb.<br><br>Met vriendelijke groeten,<br>
<br>Abel Darwinkel<br>Huus van de Taol<br>Wattweg 2a<br>9411 PX Beilen<br><a href="mailto:abeldarwinkel@huusvandetaol.nl">abeldarwinkel@huusvandetaol.nl</a><br>0593-371010<br><a href="http://www.huusvandetaol.nl">www.huusvandetaol.nl</a><br>
<br>----------<br></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">From: R. F. Hahn <</span><a style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com">sassisch@yahoo.com</a><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Subject: Etymology</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Moyen, Abel!</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">It's great to "hear" from you. Welcome to the round!</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Folks, Abel not only has a great site (</span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="gI"><a href="http://www.huusvandetaol.nl">www.huusvandetaol.nl</a></span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">) but also contributed the Norg dialect translation and narration of the Wren story before he joined us: <a href="http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/dreents-norg.php">http://lowlands-l.net/anniversary/dreents-norg.php</a></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Thanks again for that, Abel.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Regards,</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Reinhard/Ron</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Seattle, USA</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="gI"></span>
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