<div style="text-align: center; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">===========================================<br>L O W L A N D S - L - 21 October 2009 - Volume 02<br style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);"><span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);"><a href="mailto:lowlands@lowlands-l.net">lowlands@lowlands-l.net</a> - <a href="http://lowlands-l.net/">http://lowlands-l.net/</a></span><br style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">
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===========================================<br></div><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">From: </span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="gI"><span class="gD" style="color: rgb(91, 16, 148);">Paul Tatum</span> <span class="go"><<a href="mailto:ptatum@blueyonder.co.uk">ptatum@blueyonder.co.uk</a>></span></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Subject: </span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="gI">LL-L "Language varieties" 2009.10.20 (01) [EN]<br><br></span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Hi,</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
From: R. F. Hahn <<a href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com" target="_blank">sassisch@yahoo.com</a> <mailto:<a href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com" target="_blank">sassisch@yahoo.com</a>>><br>
Subject: Language varieties<br>
</blockquote>
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; padding-left: 1ex; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Paul, I think the drift you are talking about is precisely what you are
dealing with in the case of Polynesian. So I encourage you to spend
some time familiarizing yourself with this case.<br>
<br>
Examples: woman/female, man/male, gardenia, canoe, parent, gray-haired, mullet<br>
Tongan: fafine, taŋata, siale, vaka, matu'a, hina, kanahe<br>
Samoan: fafine, taŋata, tiale, va'a, matua, sina, 'anae<br>
Niuean: fifine, taŋata, tiale, vaka, matua, hina, kanahe<br>
Rapa Nui*: hahine, taŋata, tiare, vaka, matu'a, hina, -<br>
Tahitian: vahine, ta'ata, tiare, va'a, metua, hinahina, 'anae<br>
Rarotongan: vaʻine, taŋata, tiare, vaka, matua ~ metua, 'ina, kanae<br>
Maori: wahine, taŋata, tīare, vaka, matua, hina, kanae<br>
Hawaiian**: wahine, kanaka, kiele, wa'a, makua, hina, 'anae<br>
Proto-Polynesian: *fafine, *taŋata, *tiale, *waka, *matu'a, *sina, *kanahe<br>
</blockquote>
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
It is always a pleasure to see these languages, and interesting to
analyze the unconditioned sound changes in terms of phonetic features.
One question I would like to ask is: what degree of homonymy does the
reduction of the consonant inventory in Hawaiian produce?</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
On a related note, I found the following, which some might find
interesting, though I've only read a part of it so far, (so if it ends
in bloodshed, I'm sorry, I didn't know!):</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<a style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" href="http://shimajournal.org/issues/v1n1/e.%20Long%20Shima%20v1n1.pdf" target="_blank">http://shimajournal.org/issues/v1n1/e.%20Long%20Shima%20v1n1.pdf</a><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
Another nice example of the development of an isolated language might be that of the Australian languages.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" color="#888888">
<br>
Paul Tatum.</font><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
•
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