<div style="text-align: center; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">===============================================<br>L O W L A N D S - L - 03 January 2010 - Volume 02<br style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);"><span style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);"><a href="mailto:lowlands.list@gmail.com">lowlands.list@gmail.com</a> - <a href="http://lowlands-l.net/">http://lowlands-l.net/</a></span><br style="color: rgb(153, 153, 153);">
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===============================================<br></div><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">From: </span><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="gI"><span class="gD" style="color: rgb(121, 6, 25);">M.-L. Lessing</span> <span class="go"><<a href="mailto:marless@gmx.de">marless@gmx.de</a>></span></span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Subject: </span><span class="gI"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">LL-L "Language promotion" 2010.01.02 (04) [DE-EN]</span><br><br style="font-family: times new roman,serif;">
</span><div style="font-family: times new roman,serif;"><font size="4">Very interesting, Sandy! I immediately
wikipeded S4C and found this:</font></div>
<div style="font-family: times new roman,serif;">Â </div>
<blockquote style="margin-right: 0px; font-family: times new roman,serif;" dir="ltr">
<div>During the 1970s, Welsh language activists
had campaigned for a TV service in the language, which already had its own
radio station, <a title="BBC Radio Cymru">BBC Radio Cymru</a>. Both
the Conservative and Labour parties promised a Welsh-language fourth channel,
if elected to government in the <a title="United Kingdom general election, 1979">1979 General
Election</a>.<sup><a><span>[</span>8<span>]</span></a></sup> Shortly after the
Conservatives won a majority in the election, the new home secretary <a title="Willie Whitelaw">Willie Whitelaw</a> decided
against a Welsh fourth channel, and suggested that, except for an occasional
opt-out, the service should be the same as that offered in the rest of the UK.
This led to acts of civil disobedience, including refusals to pay the <a title="Television licence">television licence</a> fee, thereby running
the risk of prosecution or even a prison sentence, and sit-ins in BBC and HTV
studios. Some took more extreme measures, including attacking television
transmitters in Welsh-speaking areas. In 1980, the former president of <a title="History of Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a>, <a title="Gwynfor Evans">Gwynfor Evans</a>, threatened to go on hunger
strike if the <a title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a>
government of <a title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a>
didn't honour its commitment to provide a Welsh language TV service.<sup><a><span>[</span>9<span>]</span></a></sup> The channel started
broadcasting on 1 November 1982, the night before Channel 4's
opening.</div></blockquote>
<div style="font-family: times new roman,serif;">Â </div>
<div style="font-family: times new roman,serif;"><font size="4">Wow! The Welsh seem to have been quite
militant. I don't think you will see such resolution, even violence among
Plattspeakers... But all you write sounds very good. Another question
please: Wikipedia tells us there is advertising on S4C. Is it
profitable? Is Welsh activism -- or Welsh conscience, or whatever you call it --
an economical factor (in the region)? How many % of S4C's funding is
advertising, do you have any idea?</font></div>
<div style="font-family: times new roman,serif;">Â </div>
<div style="font-family: times new roman,serif;"><font size="4">Thank you!</font></div>
<div style="font-family: times new roman,serif;">Â </div>
<div style="font-family: times new roman,serif;"><font size="4">Marlou</font></div>
<div>Â </div>
<div style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; margin-left: 40px; color: rgb(0, 0, 153);" class="im">From:
Sandy Fleming <span><<a href="mailto:sandy@fleimin.demon.co.uk" target="_blank">sandy@fleimin.demon.co.uk</a>></span><br>Subject: LL-L "Language
promotion" 2009.12.29 (04) [EN]<br><br></div><div style="margin-left: 40px; color: rgb(0, 0, 153);"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Having seen the start and
subsequent development of Welsh TV I do think</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">there is a big advantage in
having a language represented on such a</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">passive medium.</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">
<br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Some of the history of Welsh
TV as I remember it:</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">A new channel (C4) is
introduced to the UK, and it's decided (I'm not</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">sure how) to make this into a
Welsh-language channel called S4C (Sianel</span><br style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">4 Cymru) in Wales.</span><br></div><br><br>
•
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