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<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" align="center">===============================================<br>
L O W L A N D S - L - 20 April 2010 - Volume 02<br>
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From: <span class="gd"><span style="color: rgb(121, 6, 25);">Roger Hondshoven</span></span><span class="gi"> </span><span class="go"><<a href="mailto:rhondshoven@yahoo.com">rhondshoven@yahoo.com</a>></span><br>
Subject: <span class="gi">LL-L "Etymology" 2010.04.20 (01) [EN]</span></p>
<p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="MsoNormal">Hello Henno,</p>
<p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="MsoNormal">In connection with nouns and
<span style=""> </span>verbs having undergone <span style=""> </span>umlaut, you wrote:</p>
<p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 153);">---So ke:ma < *kemba < Old Germanic *kambian, probably.
It's a very typical word, combining the old lengthening before mb, with the
palatalisation of the vowel (e> ie) and breaking. Dutch has
"kammen", so no lengthening or Umlaut-relic. German has
"kämmen", so umlauted, as in Frisian. I'd expect similar forms in Low
Saxon varieties. Probably Dutch also had umlauted forms, but many of those
alternations where later equalized by analogy: the noun is "kam", so
the verb "should" be "kammen", not expected
"kemmen". Of course relics also exist in Dutch ("omhelzen"
(to embrace) next to "hals" (neck), "steden" (cities) as
plural of "stad", etc), but they are far more common the more East
one goes.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 153);">The noun in Frisian has no umlaut, but does have lenghtening:
"kaam" (comb), vs Dutch "kam". Also in "laam"
(lamb) we have this, plural has short a: "lammen". (note that West
Frisian lost all -er plurals: we just say "aaien" etc. In Saterlandic
Frisian and North Frisian we still see -er plurals).</span></p>
<p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="MsoNormal">In Getelands (South-East Brabant) we have a noun with umlaut for 'lam':
<em><b>lemme.</b></em> The umlaut <span style=""> </span>is the result of the addition of the augmentative-suffix.
The original word does noet exist anymore.</p>
<p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="MsoNormal">Regards,<br>
.</p>
<p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="MsoNormal">Roger Hondshoven<br>
Diest (East-Brabant) Belgium.</p>
<p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="MsoNormal"> </p>
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