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L O W L A N D S - L - 02 January 2011 - Volume 06<br>
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<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">From:
<span class="gd"><span style="color: rgb(121, 6, 25);">M.-L. Lessing</span></span><span class="gi"> </span><span class="go"><<a href="mailto:marless@gmx.de">marless@gmx.de</a>></span></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Subject:
<span class="gi">LL-L "Etymology" 2011.01.02 (01) [EN]</span></p>
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<p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="MsoNormal">Hello Mark, </p>
<p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="MsoNormal">I am an etymological
ignoramus too, but your comparisons suddenly reminded me of an old, nearly
extinct German verb "kiesen", which means exactly "to
choose". And as we ignorami rely strongly on instinct when doing
etymology, I am now quite triumphantly sure these words are related. Have you
any clues to this in Afrikaans?</p>
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<p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="MsoNormal">Hartlich!</p>
<p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="MsoNormal">Marlou</p>
<p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" class="MsoNormal">Mark wrote:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: navy;">As I read it however, in Anglo Saxon & the southern dialects of
the British Isles, the 'c' of a word was all
too frequently pronounced 'ch' as we do in Modern English.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: navy;">For example:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: navy;">ceap - cheap (purchase). Afr koop</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: navy;">cempa - champion. Afr kampion</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: navy;">ceorl - churl (peasant) Afr cognate kêrel</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: navy;">cild - child. Afr kind</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: navy;">cyle - chill. Afr kille (verb)</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: navy;">(th)aec - thatch. Afr dak</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: navy;">waeccan - watch. Afr waak</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: navy;">lic - (extinct usage) lich as in 'lich-gate', grave-yard
gate. Afr 'lyk</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: navy;">fersc - fresh. Afr vars</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"><span style="color: navy;">milc - milch (as in milch-cow). Afr melk</span></p>
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<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">----------</p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> </p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">From:
R. F. Hahn <<a href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com" target="_blank">sassisch@yahoo.com</a>></p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Subject:
Etymology</p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;"> </p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Dear
Lowlanders,<br>
<br>
Please remember the Old Germanic alternation between <i>-z</i> and <i>-r</i>,
such as in <i>*waz-</i> (“was” etc.) and <i>*war-</i> (“were” etc.)<br>
<br>
I believe that this is going on here too. Irrespective of spelling, Old English
<i>céos-</i> (choose) would have been pronounced [ʧyːz] of perhaps *[ʧøːz], thus going back to *[kyːz] of perhaps *[køːz]. Modern “choose” [ʧʰuːz], too, has an
underlying /z/), as does Archaic German <i>kies-</i> ([kʰiːz]) Marlou mentions above.<br>
<br>
And then there are what seem to be <i>-r</i> variants, such as Low Saxon <i>kọ̈ọ̈r-</i>
[kʰøːɐ̯] ~ [kʰœːɐ̯] ‘choose’, <i>Kọ̈ọ̈r-</i> [kʰøːɐ̯] ~ [kʰœːɐ̯] ‘choice’, German <i>Kür</i> [kʰyːɐ̯] ‘freestyle (in figure skating)’, and archaic (mostly biblical) forms
such as <i>kür-</i> ‘choose’ and <i>(aus)er<b>kor</b>en</i> ‘chosen’.<br>
<br>
Proto-Germanic: *<i>kuza</i> ‘choice’, ‘examination’, *<i>kauzj-</i> ~ *<i>kuz-</i>
‘choose’, ‘examine’<br>
Old German: <i>(ge)kiosan</i> ‘to choose’, <i>korōn</i> ‘to choose’<br>
Old Saxon: <i>(gi)kiosan</i> ‘to choose’<br>
Old Frisian: <i>ziāsa</i> ‘to choose’, <i>kere</i> ‘choice’<br>
Old English: <i>céosan</i> ‘to choose’, <i>coren</i> ‘chosen’, <i>cyrelīf</i> ‘being
chosen (by an aristocrat)’<br>
Old Norse: <i>kjosa</i> ‘to choose’, <i>kjọr</i> ~ <i>kjẹr</i> ‘choice’<br>
Gothic: <i>(ga)kiusan</i> ‘to choose’<br>
<br>
By the way, with a <i>-t</i> suffix this group created Words such as German <i>kosten</i>
‘to taste’, ‘to try (food)’, and <i>Kost</i> ‘fare (=food)’.<br style="">
<br style="">
</p>
<p style="margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;">Regards,<br>
Reinhard/Ron<br>
Seattle, USA</p>
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