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L O W L A N D S - L - 05 June 2011 - Volume 06<br><a href="mailto:lowlands.list@gmail.com" target="_blank">lowlands.list@gmail.com</a>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2"> </font></p><font style="font-size:10pt;font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="2">From: </font><span class="gI"><span class="gD" style="color:#5b1094">M.-L. Lessing</span> <span class="go"><a href="mailto:marless@gmx.de">marless@gmx.de</a></span></span><font style="font-size:10pt;font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="2"><br>
Subject: </font><span class="gI">LL-L "Etymology" 2011.06.05 (04) [DE-EN-NDS-NL]</span><br><span>
<br></span><div><font size="4">Ja, diesmal waren offenbar die Keime auf den Keimen
:-) Oder auf Sprossen. Wie Hanne schrieb: "<font size="3">keimen: zu keimen
beginnen, aufkeimen, aufgehen, aufsprießen, aufsproßen...</font>"</font></div>
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<font style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10pt" size="2">From:
</font><span><span style="color:#5b1094">Marcus Buck</span> <span><a href="mailto:list@marcusbuck.org" target="_blank">list@marcusbuck.org</a></span></span><font style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;font-size:10pt" size="2"><br>
Subject: </font><span>LL-L "Etymology" 2011.06.05 (02)
[DE-EN</span><br><span><br></span></div>
<div><font style="font-size:10pt" size="2">From: </font><span><span style="color:rgb(121,6,25)">M.-L. Lessing</span> <span><a href="mailto:marless@gmx.de" target="_blank">marless@gmx.de</a></span></span><br></div>
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<div><font size="4">delicious soy bean
sprouts</font></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></blockquote>
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<div><font size="4">Maybe they will never find "the source"</font><font style="font-size:10pt" size="2"><br></font></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
</div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></blockquote></div>Delicious
sprouts? Unfortunate timing ;-) An hour ago the NDR broadcast the press
conference where they announced that the most likely source is not cucumbers,
tomatoes or salad, but ... sprouts.<br><br>----------<br><br><font style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2">From: </font><span class="gI"><span class="gD" style="color:#00681c">Hellinckx Luc</span> <span class="go"><a href="mailto:luc.hellinckx@gmail.com">luc.hellinckx@gmail.com</a></span></span><font style="font-size:10pt;font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="2"><br>
Subject: </font><span class="gI">LL-L "Etymology"</span><br><span>
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Beste Hanne,<div><br><div><div>You wrote:</div><div><br></div><blockquote type="cite"><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div>
<b>Wossidlo/Teuchert<br>
Kin, </b>in STA (Stargard) auch Kim m. Keim, bes. der
Getreidekörner, der Bohnen und Kartoffeln: 'de Kiem, de Kien, das
Kieneken' (von der Bohne); vom beginnenden Keimen heißt es: <i>de
Rogg' is in de Kin; dat Gras leg' in de Kin; dei Ketüffeln hebben
dei Kinen in 'n Mund; ..smiten Kinen; </i>von den
Queckenwurzeln: <i>dat Schap treckt den Kin ut dei Ierd' rut, maakt
den Acker rein; </i>im Anruf an den Kuckuck: <i>Kukuk in 'n
gräunen Kin, Wo lang' sall ick noch Jumfer sin? </i>Zss.: <i>Gasten-,
Roggenkin. -<br>
</i>Mnd.<i> kîne</i>, <i>kîme.<br></i></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div></div>
<div>You sure made my day!</div><div><br></div><div>"Kiem/kijm/keim" does not exist at all in Brabantish, but you put me on an interesting track!</div><div><br></div><div>We do have a word "<b>keen</b>", which roughly means "the hard core of something", for example:</div>
<div><br></div><div><ul><li>dàà zààte nog vööl <b>keenn</b>
in da vliës (B), said when baked meat still contains hard, stringlike
fibers on which you need to chew a long time, before swallowing</li><li>da wàre zeker gin bloempatate, want van binne zàter nog vööl van dèè <b>keenn</b> in (B), when after boiling, potatoes are not homogeneous and still have harder particles inside</li>
</ul><div><br></div><div>So,
I was pretty sure that there could have been another noun, semantically
equal to "Keim", but ending on -n-. It does seem to be the case, read
what Grimm says:</div><div><br></div></div></div></div><blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><div><div><div><div><span style="border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 13px;"><span>s</span><span>icher alt ist eine nebenform</span><span> kein, </span><span>die sich in</span><span>keinspitzlein </span><span>zeigt; schon in einem rhein. voc. des</span><span>15. </span><span>jh.</span><span> <b>kien</b> </span><span>pullula, auch in einem niederd. voc.</span><span><b>kyne</b> </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">Dief.</span><span> </span><span>472</span><span style="vertical-align:super">a</span><span>, </span><span>noch nnd.</span><span> <b>kîn</b> (</span><span>pl.</span><span> kîne </span><span>und</span><span>kînen) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">Schambach</span><span>, </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">Danneil,</span><span> </span><span>auch ditmars., wangerog., ostfries.</span><span> (<b>kien</b>), </span><span>also</span><span> <b>kîn</b> </span><span>und</span><span> <b>kîne</b>, </span><span>wie</span><span>kîm </span><span>und</span><span> kîme. </span><span>ebenso nl.</span><span> <b>keen</b> </span><span>f. keim</span><span> (</span><span>pl.</span><span> <b>keenen</b>),</span><span>bei</span><span> </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">Kil.</span><span> <b>kene</b> </span><span>germen regerminans, doch mit anderm vocal; mit wieder anderm schott.</span><span> <b>chun</b></span><span><b>keim</b> an lagernden kartoffeln, gerste</span><span> (</span><span>diesz</span><span> u</span><span>stimmt wol wieder zum hd.</span><span> äu </span><span>vorhin</span><span>). </span><span>s.</span><span> keinen </span><span>unter</span><span> keimen. </span></span></div>
</div></div></div></blockquote><div><div><div><div><br></div><div>and also, a verb "keinen":</div><div><br></div></div></div></div><blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><div><div><div><div>
<span style="border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 13px;"><span>c)</span><span> </span><span>wie aber</span><span> keim </span><span>eine nebenform</span><span> kein </span><span>hat, so</span><span>keimen </span><span>auch</span><span> </span><span style="letter-spacing:3px">keinen,</span><span> </span><span>die von haus aus sogar die vorherschende, hie und da die einzige ist: mhd.</span><span> kînen (bekînen, erkînen), </span><span>ahd.</span><span> chînan, </span><span>und allein so alts.</span><span> kînan, </span><span>altfries.</span><span> kinia (</span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">Hettema</span><span>),</span><span>goth.</span><span> keinan. </span><span>diese form herscht noch in friesischen mundarten, ostfries.</span><span> kinen, </span><span>saterl.</span><span>kînne, </span><span>wangerog.</span><span> kîn; </span><span>in niederdeutschen:</span><span> kînen</span><span>im Göttingischen, in Westfalen, in der Altmark, in Pommern, Livland; nl.</span><span> kenen. </span><span>und auch im hochd. gebiete früher und theilweis noch jetzt neben</span><span> keimen, </span><span>s.</span><span> auskeinen 1, 891: die zibeln (</span><span>zwiebeln</span><span>) wachsen und kynend auf einer dürren bünen (</span><span>boden</span><span>), darfst sie nit in den grund setzen oder sie beschütten. </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">Keisersberg</span><span></span><span>irrig schaf</span><span> D 1</span><span>b</span><span>; feigbonen, die leg in wasser und lasz sie kynen. </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">J. Tallat von Vochenberg</span><span></span><span>arzneib. der kreuter</span><span> (</span><span>Erfurt</span><span> 1532) 23. </span><br>
<span>d)</span><span> </span><span>diesz</span><span> keinen </span><span>ist aber urspr. starkformig; noch lebt am Mittelrhein das part. praet.</span><span> gekinen (</span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">Kehrein</span><span> </span><span>157</span><span>), </span><span>in Westfalen spricht man von</span><span>gekienener kornfrucht, </span><span>die schon gekeimt hat</span><span>(</span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">Fromm.</span><span> </span><span>5, 351</span><span>); </span><span>götting.</span><span> kên </span><span>keimte, conj.</span><span> kêne (</span><span>part. aber</span><span> ekênt) </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">Schambach</span><span> </span><span>100</span><span style="vertical-align:super">a</span><span>, </span><span>noch ganz wie alts.</span><span> kên </span><span>keimte Hel.</span><span> 73, 21. </span><span>ebenso mhd., z. b</span><p style="margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:1em;margin-left:0px;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px">
<span></span><span style="text-indent:0.5cm">noch ûʒ ir erden nie gekein (: erschein)</span><span> </span><br><span style="text-indent:0.5cm">weder korn noch wînreben.</span><span> </span><br><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">Stricker</span><span> </span><span>Karl</span><span> </span><span>3160</span><span>,</span></p>
<span></span><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-style: normal; text-align: right;"><div style="text-align:left">[Bd. 11, Sp. 455]</div><div style="text-align:left"><span>also</span><span> kîne kein gekinen (</span><span>gramm.</span><span> 1</span><span style="vertical-align:super">2</span><span>, 936), </span><span>und gewiss schon ahd. das gothische</span><span> keinan</span><span>dagegen gehört der gemischten conjug. an, im praes. stark, im praet. schwach</span><span> (keinôda), </span><span>das</span><span> n</span><span>aber ist bildungszuthat, zu grunde liegt</span><span> keian</span><span>keimen</span><span> (</span><span>s.</span><span> keim). </span><span>so haben</span><span> keimen </span><span>und</span><span> keinen</span><span>ganz verschiedne entstehungsart, jenes aus dem subst.</span><span> keim </span><span>und nur schwach, dieses aus einem ältern starken verb, aus dem auch</span><span> keim</span><span>entstand. es mag schon goth.</span><span> keima </span><span>m. dagewesen sein, gebildet wie</span><span> blôma </span><span>m., dem mhd.</span><span> bluome </span><span>m. entspricht, wie</span><span> kîme </span><span>jenem; auch steht dem m.</span><span> keim </span><span>das fem.</span><span> keime </span><span>so zur seite, wie nhd.</span><span> blume </span><span>f. dem alten m.</span><span> blum (2, 157). </span><span>ebenso entspricht in der bildung</span><span> keist </span><span>m. keim dem mhd.</span><span> bluost </span><span>m., nhd.</span><span> blust </span><span>blüte, und</span><span>keit </span><span>keim sp.</span><span> 440 </span><span>dem mhd.</span><span> bluot (</span><span>noch md.</span><span>blût, </span><span>z. b. sächs.</span><span>) </span><span>blüte.</span><span> </span></div>
<span><div style="text-align:left"><span>e)</span><span> </span><span>diesz</span><span> keinen (erkeinen </span><span>u. a.</span><span>) </span><span>aber hat noch eine andre bedeutung, die den ursprung von</span><span>'</span><span>keimen</span><span>' </span><span>erschlieszt, es heiszt auch platzen, sich öffnen, diffindi, crepare, noch im</span><span> 16. </span><span>jh., theilweis bis heute:</span><span> summa,
wann nit gott haus hielt, so het es die welt vorlangest verkünstlet,
und das liedlin zuhoch angefangen .. wie sie dann zuletst darob mszen
zerbersten, erkeinen und zerknellen. </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">Frank</span><span> </span><span>chron.</span><span> </span><span>1536</span><span> </span><span>298</span><span style="vertical-align:super">b</span><span>, </span><span>von dem ins unabsehbare sich steigernden zustand seiner zeit in luxus, speculation und theurung;</span><span>aufkeinen, zupresten, zukeinen (</span><span>zerk.</span><span>), </span><span>crepare. voc. th.</span><span> 1482 c 1</span><span style="vertical-align:super">a</span><span>. qq 3</span><span style="vertical-align:super">a</span><span>, </span><span>vgl.</span><span> aufkeinen 1, 673 </span><span>von einem erhängten</span><span> (</span><span>merkw. part.</span><span> ufgekünen).</span><span>bair. noch</span><span> auskeinen </span><span>von den flachsknotten die an der sonne platzen</span><span> </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">Schm.</span><span> </span><span>2, 305</span><span> (</span><span>s. das erste</span><span>kein). </span><span>mhd.</span><span> zekînen (</span><span>praet.</span><span> zekein </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">Wernher</span><span></span><span>vom Niederrhein</span><span> </span><span>11, 18</span><span>), </span><span>ahd.</span><span> chînan </span><span>dehiscere, ags.</span><span> cînan, </span><span>auch</span><span> cinean, </span><span>älter engl.</span><span> chyne.</span><span>davon</span><span> kinst </span><span>ritz; spalt im voc. th.</span><span> 1482 q 8</span><span style="vertical-align:super">a</span><span>(kynst </span><span>fissura</span><span>), </span><span>mit dem vocal des praet. plur., ebenso nl.</span><span> keen, </span><span>urspr.</span><span> kene </span><span>ritz, mit urspr.</span><span> î</span><span>aber engl. dial.</span><span> chine, kine, </span><span>ags.</span><span> cîne (</span><span>vgl.</span><span>keineisen). </span><span>Der
keim ist also ursprünglich bezeichnet als der ritz der das keimende
samenkorn öffnet, das keimen als das aufplatzen des korns; merkwürdig
sind beide bed. noch ungetrennt beisammen in</span><span> keime</span><span>kerbe und keim, in nl.</span><span> keen </span><span>schrunde, spalt und keim,</span><span> kenen </span><span>platzen und keimen. ein alter ablaut</span><span> î ei i </span><span>auch bei den formen mit</span><span> m </span><span>scheint doch von den formen unter b angedeutet.</span><span> </span></div>
</span><span><div style="text-align:left"><span>f)</span><span> </span><span>diesz</span><span> kînen </span><span>sich öffnen aber trifft mit altn.</span><span>gîna </span><span>vom öffnen des mundes, ags.</span><span> gînan (</span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">Ettm.</span><span></span><span>433</span><span>) </span><span>so weit überein, dasz beide von haus aus éins sein werden, mit wechsel der lautstufe, wie bei</span><span> keichen </span><span>sp.</span><span> 438 </span><span>g</span><span> (</span><span>vgl. engl. dial.</span><span> chaum</span><span>spalt</span><span>)</span><span>; der ritz des keimenden korns ward also bei seiner ersten benennung einem sich öffnenden munde verglichen. s. weiter</span><span> gähnen.</span><span>auswärtige vergleichungen s. bei</span><span> </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">Diefenbach</span><span></span><span>goth. wb.</span><span> </span><span>2, 450</span><span> (</span><span>merkwürdig bret.</span><span> kîn </span><span>keim, sprosz,</span><span> kina </span><span>keimen</span><span>). </span><span>s. auch</span><span> kielen 3</span><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-style: normal;">.</span></div>
</span></span></span></div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><div><div><div><br></div><div>Seemingly,
the basic idea is that a "keen/kein" refers to the cleft that appears
in a seed before germination. The shoot that then appears is called a
"kiëst" around here (keest (D)). Potatoes can also have "keesten" (those
white shoots) and so does hop. "Hopkeesten" are a delicacy, they're
very expensive and served only in the best restaurants. As a result, our
local hop-farmers have shifted business. They used to supply hops to
breweries but lately competition from Eastern Europe has been very
stiff, so instead they're now starting to cultivate "hopkeesten", which
generates a lot more money.</div></div><div><br></div><div>Apparently,
the word "keest" is also known in Scots, meaning "the essence, the
kernel, the finest part of something" and in Schwyzerdütsch as "keist".</div><div><br></div><div>Grimm describes as follows (but was clearly not aware of the Scots variant):</div><div><br></div></div></div>
<blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><div><div><div><span style="border-collapse:collapse"><span style="text-transform:uppercase;text-indent:0.5cm">KEIST</span><span style="text-indent:0.5cm">, </span><span>m.</span><span> </span><span>ein nur schweiz., aber altes und lehrreiches wort.</span><span> </span><br>
<span>1)</span><span> </span><span>keim, z. b.</span><span> rübkeist </span><span>an rüben, wie sie den winter über und im frühling ausschlagen, dazu</span><span> keisten</span><span>keimen.</span><span> </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">Stalder</span><span> </span><span>2, 94</span><span>; cheist, cheiste </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">Schmidts</span><span></span><span>idiot. bern.</span><span> </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">Fromm.</span><span> </span><span>2, 372</span><span style="vertical-align:super">b</span><span>. </span><span>mhd. ist es zwar noch nicht bezeugt, aber schon ahd. in</span><span> vrumichîst</span><span>primitiae gloss. jun.</span><span> 220 (</span><span>gramm.</span><span> 2, 198. 260),</span><span>gebildet wie</span><span> frumiwahst </span><span>primitiae</span><span> </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">Graff</span><span> </span><span>1, 688</span><span>,</span><span>gleich</span><span> frumikîdi </span><span>sp.</span><span> 440 (</span><span>nachträglich zu dort: mhd.</span><span> kîde </span><span>wies</span><span> </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">F. Bech</span><span> </span><span>nach, Germ.</span><span> </span><span>7, 491</span><span>); </span><span>vom ursprung s. sp.</span><span> 455. </span><span>es besteht auch älter nl., doch mit anderm vocal,</span><span> keest </span><span>germen</span><span> </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">Kil.,</span><span> keesten</span><span>germinare, pullulare</span><span> </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">Binnaert.</span><span> </span><br>
<span>2)</span><span> </span><span>das schweiz.</span><span> keist </span><span>ist aber auch same von menschen und thieren, davon</span><span> keisten </span><span>onanizare.</span><span></span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">Stalder</span><span> </span><span>a. a. o.</span><span>; und ähnlich ist eine andere bed. des nl. keest, </span><span>medulla arboris, ovi umbilicus</span><span> </span><span style="font-variant:small-caps;color:black">Kil.,</span><span></span><span>mark, lebenskern, lebenskeim im ei</span><span> (</span><span>vgl.</span><span>keimkern). </span><span>es
läszt sich denken, wie man den namen des hervorbrechenden zarten
pflanzenkeims auf das ähnlich aus dem innern hervorquellende mark u. ä.
übertrug. s. dazu weiter</span><span> keut. </span></span></div><div><span style="border-collapse:collapse"><span><br></span></span></div></div></div></blockquote><span style="border-collapse:collapse">Thanks again for passing that Wossidlo/Teuchert lemma on ;=)</span><div>
<span style="border-collapse:collapse"><br></span></div><div><span style="border-collapse:collapse">I also have a hunch that the group around "coom" (Northern English and Scots for soot, smut), Dutch "kaam", Frisian "<span style="border-collapse:separate">kīn, kyn", Low Saxon "</span><span style="border-collapse:separate">kīm",
English (dialect) "keam, keans", for that foamy substance on a
fermenting liquid, did at least morphologically interfere with the
"kiem/Keim" complex.</span><br></span><div><span style="border-collapse:collapse"><br></span></div><div><span style="border-collapse:collapse">Kind greetings,</span></div><div><span style="border-collapse:collapse"><br>
</span></div><font color="#888888"><div><span style="border-collapse:collapse">Luc Hellinckx, Halle, Belgium</span></div></font></div><br><br><font style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:10pt" size="2"></font><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:center" align="center">
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