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<font style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif" size="2">
L O <span>W L A</span> N D S - L - <span>22 June 2011</span> - Volume 05</font><br><font style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif" size="2"><a rel="nofollow" href="mailto:lowlands.list@gmail.com" target="_blank"><span>lowlands.list@gmail.com</span></a>
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==============================</font><font style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif" size="2">=======================</font></div><br>
<p class="MsoNormal">From: R. F. Hahn
<<a href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com">sassisch@yahoo.com</a>><br>
Subject: Etymology</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Dear Lowlanders,<br>
<br>
Warning: Something fishy is up here.<br>
<br>
Or: Sometimes obvious etymologies aren’t all that obvious at first.<br>
<br>
<i>Torsk</i> is a common Nordic name for ‘cod’ (<i>Gadus morhua</i>). Icelandic
and Faroese preserve the Old Germanic form: <i>þorsk</i>.<br>
<br>
In Low Saxon, and in extension in German, there is differentiation: <i>Dorsch</i>
denotes a juvenile cod, the adult version being called <i>Kabeljau</i>. <br>
<br>
Dutch calls all of them <i>kabeljauw</i>, and Afrikaans, not surprisingly, uses <i>kabeljou</i>
for both. French and Picard, among others, respectively developed <i>cabillaud</i>
and <i>cabio</i> from<b> </b><i>kabeljauw</i> (besides French having Romance <i>morue</i> for the
same). Estonian borrowed <i>kabeljoo</i> from Low Saxon but also uses
Scandinavian-derived <i>tursk</i> for the same (cf. Finnish <i>turska</i>).<br>
<br>
The Romance languages use for all cods the following words (which remind of
words for “bachelor“):<br style="mso-special-character:line-break">
<br style="mso-special-character:line-break">
</p>
<div align="center">
<table class="MsoTableGrid" style="border-collapse:collapse;mso-yfti-tbllook:480;mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tbody><tr style="mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes">
<td style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% rgb(204, 255, 255); padding: 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2"><b>Language</b></font></p>
</td>
<td style="background: none repeat scroll 0% 0% rgb(204, 255, 255); padding: 0in 5.4pt;" valign="top">
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2"><b>“cod”</b></font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 3pt;"><font size="2">Castilian
(“Spanish”)</font></p>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2">bacalao [bakaˈlao]</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 3pt;"><font size="2">Ladino
(Judeo-Castilian)</font></p>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2">bakanyado [bakaˈɲad̪ʊ]</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 3pt;"><font size="2">Galician</font></p>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2">bacallau [bakɐˈʎaʊ]</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 3pt;"><font size="2">Portuguese</font></p>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2">bacalhau [bakɐˈʎaʊ]</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 3pt;"><font size="2">Catalan</font></p>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2">bacallà [bəkəˈ<span lang="ZH-CN">ʎ</span>a]</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 3pt;"><font size="2">Italian</font></p>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2">(Catalan?)< baccalà [bak<span lang="ZH-CN">ː</span>aˈla]</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style="mso-yfti-irow:7;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes">
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 3pt;"><font size="2">Non-Romance
Iberian:<br>
Basque</font></p>
</td>
<td style="padding: 0in 5.4pt;">
<p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2">bakailao (origin?)</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">What I had not realized until
today is that <i>Kabeljau</i> and <i>kabeljauw</i> are epenthetically rendered
Romance loans (e.g. *<i>bakalyao</i> > *<i>kabalyao</i>). Wow! I never
considered that possibility. My guess is that it comes from Galician <i>bacallau</i>
or Portuguese <i>bacalhau</i>. Indeed, cod is a mainstay among Galicians and Portuguese,
linguistically and culturally very close relatives of the Iberian
Peninsula.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Footnotes:</p>
<ol><li>Scots has several words for “cod”: <i>cod</i> (dim. <i>coddie</i>), <b><i>cabelew</i></b>
(<u>young</u> cod), <i>drowd</i> (cod of poor quality), <i>slink</i>, <i>soushler</i>,
<i>stock fish</i>.</li><li>The usual Kashubian word for “cod” is <i>pòmùchla</i> (as opposed to Polish
<i>dorsz</i>). This seems to have inspired far-eastern Low Saxon <i>Pomuchel</i>,
often used as a pejoratively based term of endearment.</li></ol>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Regards,<br>
Reinhard/Ron<br>
Seattle, USA</p>
<p style="text-align:center" align="center">
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