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L O <span>W L A</span> N D S - L - <span>23 June 2011</span> - Volume 02</font><br><font style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif" size="2"><a rel="nofollow" href="mailto:lowlands.list@gmail.com" target="_blank"><span>lowlands.list@gmail.com</span></a>
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==============================</font><font style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif" size="2">=======================</font></div><br>From: <span class="gI"><span class="gD" style="color:#00681c">Hellinckx Luc</span> <span class="go"><a href="mailto:luc.hellinckx@gmail.com">luc.hellinckx@gmail.com</a></span></span><br>
Subject: <span class="gI">LL-L "Etymology"</span><br>
<br>
Beste Ron,<div><br><div><div>You wrote:</div><blockquote type="cite"><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><div><p class="MsoNormal">
In Low Saxon, and in extension in German, there is differentiation: <i>Dorsch</i>
denotes a juvenile cod, the adult version being called <i>Kabeljau</i>. <br>
<br>
Dutch calls all of them <i>kabeljauw</i>, and Afrikaans, not surprisingly, uses <i>kabeljou</i>
for both. French and Picard, among others, respectively developed <i>cabillaud</i>
and <i>cabio</i> from<b> </b><i>kabeljauw</i> (besides French having Romance <i>morue</i> for the
same). Estonian borrowed <i>kabeljoo</i> from Low Saxon but also uses
Scandinavian-derived <i>tursk</i> for the same (cf. Finnish <i>turska</i>).<br>
<br>
The Romance languages use for all cods the following words (which remind of
words for “bachelor“):<br>
<br>
</p>
<div align="center">
<table style="border-collapse:collapse" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tbody><tr>
<td style="background:none repeat scroll 0% 0% rgb(204, 255, 255);padding:0in 5.4pt" valign="top"><p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2"><b>Language</b></font></p>
</td>
<td style="background:none repeat scroll 0% 0% rgb(204, 255, 255);padding:0in 5.4pt" valign="top"><p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2"><b>“cod”</b></font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0in 5.4pt"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:3pt"><font size="2">Castilian
(“Spanish”)</font></p>
</td>
<td style="padding:0in 5.4pt"><p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2">bacalao [bakaˈlao]</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0in 5.4pt"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:3pt"><font size="2">Ladino
(Judeo-Castilian)</font></p>
</td>
<td style="padding:0in 5.4pt"><p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2">bakanyado [bakaˈɲad̪ʊ]</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0in 5.4pt"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:3pt"><font size="2">Galician</font></p>
</td>
<td style="padding:0in 5.4pt"><p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2">bacallau [bakɐˈʎaʊ]</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0in 5.4pt"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:3pt"><font size="2">Portuguese</font></p>
</td>
<td style="padding:0in 5.4pt"><p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2">bacalhau [bakɐˈʎaʊ]</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0in 5.4pt"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:3pt"><font size="2">Catalan</font></p>
</td>
<td style="padding:0in 5.4pt"><p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2">bacallà [bəkəˈ<span lang="ZH-CN">ʎ</span>a]</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0in 5.4pt"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:3pt"><font size="2">Italian</font></p>
</td>
<td style="padding:0in 5.4pt"><p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2">(Catalan?)< baccalà [bak<span lang="ZH-CN">ː</span>aˈla]</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding:0in 5.4pt"><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top:3pt"><font size="2">Non-Romance
Iberian:<br>
Basque</font></p>
</td>
<td style="padding:0in 5.4pt"><p class="MsoNormal"><font size="2">bakailao (origin?)</font></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
</div><div> <br></div><p class="MsoNormal">What I had not realized until
today is that <i>Kabeljau</i> and <i>kabeljauw</i> are epenthetically rendered
Romance loans (e.g. *<i>bakalyao</i> > *<i>kabalyao</i>). Wow! I never
considered that possibility. My guess is that it comes from Galician <i>bacallau</i>
or Portuguese <i>bacalhau</i>. Indeed, cod is a mainstay among Galicians and Portuguese,
linguistically and culturally very close relatives of the Iberian
Peninsula.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>
More about Dutch loanwords here: <a href="http://www.etymologiebank.nl/pdf/1998_Sijs.pdf" target="_blank">http://www.etymologiebank.nl/pdf/1998_Sijs.pdf</a></div><div><br></div><div>Also the ?ultimate? word on "Kabeljauw/Bakeljauw".</div>
<div><br></div><div>Kind greetings,</div><div><br></div><font color="#888888"><div>Luc Hellinckx, Halle, Belgium<br><div><br></div><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">----------</div></div></font></div></div><p style="text-align: left;">
From: <span class="gI"><span class="gD" style="color:#5b1094">Jan Neelen-Keppenne</span> <span class="go"><a href="mailto:neelen.keppenne@skynet.be">neelen.keppenne@skynet.be</a></span></span><br>
Subject: <span class="gI">LL-L "Etymology" 2011.06.22 (05) [EN]</span>
</p><p style="text-align: left;">Dear Lowlanders,</p><div>I can add Kikongo where this fish
(in its dried form) is called makayabo. Kikongo speakers were in contact
with Portogese explorers since the end of the 15th century.</div><div><br></div><div>Regards,</div><div><br></div><div>Jan Neelen</div><p style="text-align: left;"><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2">----------</font></p>
<p style="text-align: left;"><big>From: Hannelore Hinz <a href="mailto:hannehinz@t-online.de" target="_blank"><hannehinz@t-online.de></a><br>
Subject: LL-L "Etymology" 2011.06.22 (05) [EN]<br>
<br>
Hallo Ron un all' Lowlanners.<br>
<br>
<b>Kabeljau, </b>Kabbeljau m. Kabeljau, gadus morrhua, schon früh
in getrocknetem und gesalzenem Zustand bei uns eingeführt.<br>
Der <i>Kabeljau </i>erscheint wie der verwandte Dorsch <i>(Dösch)
</i>in Zss. als Scheltwort: 'Kabbelauskop (vgl. <i>Dösch-,
Pomuchelskopp).</i><br>
</big>Ndl. <i>cabeljauw, </i>das aus <i>bakeljauw </i>umgeformt
ist, und dies geht auf lat. <i>baculum </i>zurück. <br>
K a b e l j a u k e l l e r m. der Meeresgrund in den Wendungen
von einem untergehenden Schiff; <i>in den Kabeljaukeller runner . .
. fohren; </i>von einem Seemann, der auf See ertrunken ist: <i>dee
is in 'n Kabeljaukeller ringahn </i>RoRibn Rostock-Ribnitz;
Rostock-Wustrow.<br>
<b><br>
Dösch </b>m. Dorsch, gadus morrhua, der kleinere Ostseekabeljau,
der früher unter der Bezeichnung gadus callarias für eine besondere
Art angesehen wurde.<br>
Die Rufe der Warnemünder Fischfrauen gibt B<small>ABST <big>(Diederich
Georg Babst) getreu wieder</big></small>: <i>Mayschulln, Desch
un Bitt; </i>so hört man sie noch in den Straßen von Rostock; im
Tanzreim vom <i>Salhund: Hett mi all de Dösch upfräten. </i>Mnd. <i>dorsch
</i>m.<br>
<br>
<b>Döschangel </b>f. Gerät zum Dorschfang; lange, dünne Leinen, von
denen gewöhnlich 120-150 Schnüre herabhängen, an welchen mit Ködern
besteckte Angeln befestigt sind; Anfangs- und Endpunkt der Leinen
werden durch <i>Waker </i>(längliche Holzklötze, in deren Mitte
ein Stock mit einer Flagge angebracht ist) gekennzeichnet.
Rostock-Warnemünde; Rostock-Wustrow.<br>
<br>
<b>Pomuchel</b> m. Dorsch. Übertrag. verächtlich ein altes, nicht
mehr recht seetüchtiges Schiff: <i>wat wist du </i>(ein Seemann)<i>
mit din oll Permuchel. </i>Die Herkunft des Wortes ist ungewiß.<br>
Pomuchelboot f. Schiff mit altmodischer Tagelage: <i>Permuchelboot
</i>(1890) Rostock-Ribnitz. -<br>
P o m u c h e l s k o p p m. 'Dorschkopf', Schelt- und Spottname
für einen Menschen mit dickem Kopf, einen aufgeblasenen, geldstolzen
Menschen; als Typ gestaltet von Fritz Reuter in der <i>'Stromtid';
Wat deit donn de infame Pomuchelskopp? - Pomuchelsköpp seggen de
Danziger ok to uns Mäkelbörger </i>(1930) Ro. Warn.; anderseits
wurden die Danziger von den Mecklenburgern so genannt: <i>de
Danziger seggen Pomuchel to'n Dösch, dorüm heiten sei
Pomuchelskopp</i> (1924); bildlich Spottname für ein kurz und
breit gebautes Schiff Rostock-(Bad)Doberan; <br>
<i>Pomuchelsköpp </i>nennt der Maurer <i>'Felsen', dei kein
'Gesicht' hebben, </i>die schlecht zu behauen und zu verarbeiten
sind (1932)<br>
W<small><small>A <big><big>Kreis Waren.</big></big></small></small><br>
Lit.: Wossidlo/Teuchert<br>
<br>
Bün ick nu ok ein Pomuchelskopp...<br>
<br>
...heff taun Glück <b>kein'</b> dicken Kopp <b>nich</b>, * kein'
... nich, der Mecklenburger verdoppelt seine Verneinungen; sein
typisches Merkmal.<br>
<br>
<big><i>Hanne</i></big><br>
<br>
----------</p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt">From:
R. F. Hahn <<a href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com" target="_blank">sassisch@yahoo.com</a>><br>
Subject: Etymology </p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Dear Lowlanders,<br>
<br>
Thank you very much for the above. Nice to hear from you, Jan. I believe this was
your debut.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">I should have mentioned West
Frisian <i>kabbeljauw</i>.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">I’ll read the PDF more thoroughly
later, Luc. Apparently there are differing opinions, especially two schools of thought:
(1) <i>kabeljauw</i> is a Basque loan, and (2) it is a Russian loan. Interestingly,
the Basque Encyclopedia (<a href="http://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakailao">http://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakailao</a>) contends that <i>bakailao</i>
is a Dutch loan.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">As for Kashubian <i>pòmùchla</i>,
it does have a Polish equivalent: <i>pomuchla</i>. I assume it is a Kashubian loan.
It specifically denotes Baltic cod (<i>Gadus morhua callarias</i>). I also assume
that Polish <i>dorsz</i> for Atlantic cod (<i>Gadus morhua</i>) is a German loan
(<i>Dorsch</i>). The same goes for Sorbian <i>dorš</i>.</p>
<p style="margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Most other Slavic languages,
too, have Germanic loans of the <i>þorsk </i>group:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Belarusian <i>траска</i> (<i>traska</i>)
~ <i>трэска</i><span class="hps"> </span>(<i>träska</i>)<br>Bulgarian <i>треска</i><span class="hps"> <span lang="BG">(</span></span><i>treska</i><span class="hps">)<br></span>Czech <i>treska</i><br>Macedonian <i>треска</i><span class="hps"> <span lang="BG">(</span></span><i>treska</i><span class="hps">)<br>
</span>Russian <i>треска</i> (<i>treska</i>)<br>Slovak <i>treska</i><br>Slovene <i>trske</i><br>Ukrainian <i>тріска</i> (<i>triska</i>).</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">But note Serbo-Croat <i>bakalar</i>.
</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"> </p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Also note Irish Gaelic <i>trosc</i><span class="hps">.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="hps"> </span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span class="hps">Regards,<br>
Reinhard/Ron<br>
Seattle, USA</span></p><p style="text-align: center;" align="center"><font style="font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif;" size="2"></font></p><p style="text-align:center" align="center"><font style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif" size="2">==============================</font><font style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif" size="2">===========================<br>
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