<div style="text-align:center;font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><font>==============================</font><font>=======================<br> L O W L A N D S - L - 16 February 2012 - Volume 01<br><a href="mailto:lowlands.list@gmail.com" target="_blank">lowlands.list@gmail.com</a>
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<p style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif" class="MsoNormal"><font> </font></p>
<font>From: </font><span class="gI"><span class="gD">Paul Finlow-Bates</span> <span class="go"><a href="mailto:wolf_thunder51@yahoo.co.uk">wolf_thunder51@yahoo.co.uk</a></span></span><font><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"></span><br>
Subject: <span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">LL-L "Phonology" 2012.02.15 (01) [EN]</span></font><br><br><div><span>Is there an IE source, or does this look like one of those "Folkish" non-IE Germanic words?</span></div>
<div><span></span> </div>
<div><span>Paul</span></div>
<div><span>Derby</span></div>
<div><span>England<var></var></span></div>
<br><font>----------<br><br>From: <span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Ingmar Roerdinkholder <<a href="mailto:roerd096@PLANET.NL" target="_blank">roerd096@PLANET.NL</a>></span><br>
Subject: <span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">LL-L "Phonology" 2012.02.15 (01) [EN]</span><br><br style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Hi Ron and the rest,<br>
I was already getting a bit worried because of the silence here the last week...<br>
I don't know whether the change from -g into -ow has something (or
everything) to do with rounding by preceding l, because Mod. English has
this change also before r in words like tomorrow, sorrow.<br>
My own thought has been that this has to do with rounding, but by the
vowel, so folgen, sorgen become, folleghe, sorreghe become folloghe,
sorroghe become followe, sorrowe.<br>
And that in cases like willow, fellow, there was a parallell development from words like follow.<br>
One would rather expect something like willey, taking into account that
Old English -g must have been a palatal sound, as in bury. In
Scandinavian final -rg is pronounced -rj if I remember right.<br>
maybe it became 'hard' again when it got a back vowel before it, willegh => willogh => willow.<br>
It's also possible that there was first a different non palatal vowel
involved, for instance A, Ö developped from schwa ë, follëg => follag
=> follaw or follëg => follöw => follow.<br><br>
Ingmar
</font><font><br><br></font>
<div style="margin-left:40px">
<font><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">From: R. F. Hahn <[log in to unmask]></span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
Subject: Phonology</span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
Dear Lowlanders,</span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
I wonder if you would join me in revisiting the Lowlands Germanic word
group represented by English "willow" (genus Salix), in part to examine
more data regarding metathesis.</span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
Salix</span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
Old English: welig</span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
Modern English: willow</span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
Old Saxon: wilgia</span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
Modern Low Saxon: Wichel</span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
Middle Dutch: wilghe</span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
Modern Dutch: wilg</span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
Frisian (West): wylch</span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
Frisian (East, Sater): Wüülg(e)-</span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
Proto-Germanic: *walg-</span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
(This is distinct from the semantically identical word group represented
for instance by Scots widdy, Limburgish wiej, and German Weide.)</span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
Two observations:</span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
The English forms show a shift from -lig to -low. The same shift can be
observed in "bellow" and "fellow." At least at some point in time, Old
English realized syllable-final -g as a fricative (probably as [ɣ].
This, in conjunction with preceding /l/, most probably lowered and
rounded the vowel [ɪ] to [ɔ]. (The shift from fricativized -g to -w is
not at all uncommon among the world's languages; e.g. Turkic taɣ >
taw > tow 'mountain').</span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
The Saxon language must have developed the following forms ...</span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
*wilge [ˈwɪɫɣə] ></span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
*wilg [wɪɫɣ] (final devoicing/hardening) ></span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
*wilg [wɪɫç] (final vowel deletion) ></span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
*wileg [ˈwɪɫəç] (vowel insertion) ></span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
Wichel [ˈwɪçeɫ] (metathesis)</span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
Are there any alternative proposals?</span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
Thanks and regards!</span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
Reinhard/Ron</span><br style="color:rgb(0,0,153)"><span style="color:rgb(0,0,153)">
Seattle, USA</span><br style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,153)"></font></div>
<font><br>----------<br><br></font><font>From: Joachim <<a href="mailto:Osnabryg%2BLowlands@googlemail.com" target="_blank">Osnabryg+Lowlands@googlemail.com</a>></font><font><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"></span><br>
Subject: <span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">LL-L "Phonology" 2012.02.15 (01) [EN]</span><br><br style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"></font>
<div><div><font>Am 16.02.2012 um 01:59 schrieb R. F. Hahn:</font></div><blockquote type="cite"><font><span style="border-collapse:separate;font-family:'Luxi Serif';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px"><ol style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">
<blockquote type="cite">Modern Low Saxon: <b>Wichel</b></blockquote></ol></span></font></blockquote><blockquote type="cite"><font><span style="border-collapse:separate;font-family:'Luxi Serif';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px"><ol style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif" start="1">
<li>The Saxon language must have developed the following forms ...<br>*<i>wilge<span> </span></i>[ˈwɪɫɣə] ><span> </span><br>*<i>wilg<span> </span></i>[wɪɫɣ] (final devoicing/hardening) ><span> </span><br>*<i>wilg<span> </span></i>[wɪɫç] (final vowel deletion) ><span> </span><br>
*<i>wileg<span> </span></i>[ˈwɪɫəç] (vowel insertion) ><br><i>Wichel<span> </span></i>[ˈwɪçeɫ] (metathesis)</li></ol><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">Are there any alternative proposals?</span><br style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">
</span></font></blockquote></div><div><font><br></font></div><div><font>Bester Reinhard, </font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div><font>nein, keine Alternative zu deiner deskundigen Betrachtung eines interessanten </font><font>Germanischen Wortstammes, nur eine kleine Ergänzung zur niederdeutschländischen Entwicklung :</font></div>
<div><font><br></font></div><div><font><i>Wichel [1]</i> ist schon <i>mittelniederdeutsche</i> Form in Norddeutschland, siehe Lübben, Mnd. Hand-WB:</font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div><div><font>wichele, sw. f. aus und = wilge; Zss. wichel-bôm.</font></div>
<div><font><br></font></div><div><font>Hingegen Mittelniederländisch noch ohne Metathesis: <i>wilghe</i></font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div><font><span style="font-family:Verdana"><span>Etymologisch Woordenboek van het Nederlands [A-R <span>></span></span><span> </span></span><a href="http://tinyurl.com/733zdgx" target="_blank">http://tinyurl.com/733zdgx</a></font></div>
<div><font><br></font></div><div><div style="font-family:Verdana"><font>Mnl. <i>wilghe</i> in <i>na die sede dat men wilghen poten plegt</i> ‘op de manier waarop men wilgen pleegt te planten’ [1287; VMNW]; vnnl. <i>wilghe</i>, <i>willighe</i> [1599; Kil.], nnl. <i>wilg</i>.</font></div>
<div style="font-family:Verdana"><font>Os. <i>wilgia</i> (mnd. <i>wilge</i>); mhd. <i>wilge</i>; ofri. <i>wilig</i> (nfri. <i>wylch</i>); oe. <i>welig</i> (me. <i>wilwe</i>, <i>welew</i>, ne. <i>willow</i>); alle ‘wilg’, < pgm. <i>*wil(i)giōn-</i>.</font></div>
<div style="font-family:Verdana"><font>Men kan pie. <i>*uelVk-</i> (<i>V</i> = klinker) reconstrueren. Mogelijk is Grieks <i>helíkē</i> ‘kraakwilg’ verwant, maar dit woord kan ook een betekenisuitbreiding zijn van <i>helíkē</i> ‘kronkeling’, dat is afgeleid van <i>héliks</i> ‘kronkeling’.</font></div>
</div></div><div><font>----------</font></div><div><font>FN:</font></div><div><font>[1] Lustig hier (in Lübben] die Nähe zu:</font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div><font><i>wichelen,</i> zaubern, hexen, beschwören, wahrsagen.</font></div>
<div><font><i>wicheler,</i> Zauberer, Wahrsager; wichgelersche, f.</font></div><div><font><i>wichelie</i> (wichgelie) u. wichelinge, Zauberei, abergläubischer Brauch, Wahrsagerei, observatio auspiciorum, supersticio; </font></div>
<div><font><i>wichgelie-bôk.</i> Zauberbuch.</font></div><div><font>-------------</font></div><div><font><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'">Met echt-westfœlsken »Goutgaun!«</span></font></div><font><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:Georgia;word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:Helvetica;word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Nueva Std';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Times New Roman';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Times New Roman';word-spacing:0px"><div>
<span style="font-family:Helvetica"><div style="margin:0px">joachim</div><div style="margin:0px">--</div><div style="margin:0px">Kreimer-de Fries</div><div style="margin:0px">Osnabrügge => Berlin-Pankow</div><div style="margin:0px">
<br>----------<br><font><br>
</font><font>From: Joachim <<a href="mailto:Osnabryg%2BLowlands@googlemail.com" target="_blank">Osnabryg+Lowlands@googlemail.com</a>></font><font><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"></span><br>
Subject: <span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">LL-L "Phonology" 2012.02.15 (01) [EN]</span></font><br></div></span></div></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
</font><div><div><font>Am 16.02.2012 um 12:32 schrieb ich, Joachim:</font></div><blockquote type="cite"><font><span style="border-collapse:separate;font-family:'Luxi Serif';font-style:normal;font-variant:normal;font-weight:normal;letter-spacing:normal;line-height:normal;text-indent:0px;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;word-spacing:0px"><div>
Lübben, Mnd. Hand-WB:</div><div><br></div><div><div>wichele, sw. f. aus und = wilge; Zss. wichel-bôm.</div><div><br></div><div>Hingegen Mittelniederländisch noch ohne Metathesis:<span> </span><i>wilghe</i></div></div></span></font></blockquote>
<font><br></font></div><div><font>Der Vollständigkeit halber noch:</font></div><div><font><br></font></div><div><font>Auch im norddeutschen Mittelniederdeutsch gab es die Form ohne Methathesis:</font></div><div><font><br>
</font></div><div><font>Quelle: Schiller-Lübben </font></div><font><span>Schiller, Karl: Mittelniederdeutsches Wörterbuch / von Karl Schiller und August</span><span> </span><span>Lübben. - Bremen : Kühtmann [u.a.].</span><span> </span><br>
<span>Erschienen: 1 (1875) - 6 (1881) > </span><a href="http://tinyurl.com/8y6soj6" target="_blank">http://tinyurl.com/8y6soj6</a></font><div><font><br></font></div><div><font><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman'">Met echt-westfœlsken »Goutgaun!«</span></font></div>
<font><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:Georgia;word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:Helvetica;word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Nueva Std';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Times New Roman';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Times New Roman';word-spacing:0px"><div>
<span style="font-family:Helvetica"><div style="margin:0px">joachim</div><div style="margin:0px">--</div><div style="margin:0px">Kreimer-de Fries</div><div style="margin:0px">Osnabrügge => Berlin-Pankow</div></span></div>
</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br></font><font>----------<br><br></font><font><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:Georgia;word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:Helvetica;word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Nueva Std';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Times New Roman';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Times New Roman';word-spacing:0px"><span style="font-family:Helvetica"><font>From: </font></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></font><span><span>Annegret Schmieder</span> <span><a href="mailto:anne.schmieder@hotmail.de" target="_blank">anne.schmieder@hotmail.de</a></span></span><font><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:Georgia;word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:Helvetica;word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Nueva Std';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Times New Roman';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Times New Roman';word-spacing:0px"><span style="font-family:Helvetica"><font><span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"></span><br>
Subject: <span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">LL-L "Phonology" 2012.02.15 (01) [EN]<br><br></span></font></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></font>Dear Lowlanders,<br>
<br>Here the North Frisian word for "Salix", in Mooring,( Fååstewalfrash) of Bökinghiird:<br><br>Jüker or wiichel<br>Deer äädere stoont en üüljen jükrebuum/en üülj wiichel.<br>Over there stands an old willow.<br>
<br>Wanlike gröötnise ût Nordfrashlönj<br><br>Anne<br><font><br>----------<br><br>From: </font><span><span>Hannelore Hinz</span> <span><a href="mailto:hannehinz@t-online.de" target="_blank">hannehinz@t-online.de</a><br>
</span></span><font><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:Georgia;word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:Helvetica;word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Luxi Serif';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Nueva Std';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Times New Roman';word-spacing:0px"><span style="text-indent:0px;letter-spacing:normal;font-variant:normal;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:normal;border-collapse:separate;text-transform:none;white-space:normal;font-family:'Times New Roman';word-spacing:0px"><span style="font-family:Helvetica"><font>Subject: <span style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">LL-L "Phonology" 2012.02.15 (01) [EN]<br>
<br></span></font></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></font><big>From: R.F. Hahn<br>
Subject: Phonology<br>
<br>
Hallo Ron un all' Lowlanners,<br>
<br>
ick heff mi freut, mal wedder wat von LL-L tau hüren. Vörweg mücht
ick woll seggen, wi snacken <b><i>Wichel </i></b>odder <b><i>Wid
</i></b>so, as dat schräben/schräwen is. Liekers noch Lit.:
Perfesser Voßlo.<br>
<br>
<b>Wiechel, </b>Wichel (<i>i </i>kurz), Wigel, Pl. -<i>n </i>(-<i>n
</i>stumm), gekürzt <i>Wiechen</i>:<br>
f. Weide, Weidenbaum, salix:: 'virgulta salicum, videlicet
wichelen' (1356); <i>ne dick Wichel; </i>Pl.: <i>Wo
drömig-still dei Wiechel stahn.<br>
</i>FN.: <i>Wiechelbreid', -dik, -fuurt, -koppel, -kul, -slagg,
-soll, -wisch; Wiechelndik, -uurt; Wigelsoll; Wigelbrack, -soll.
</i><br>
Zs. <i>Snurwiechel. - </i>Mnd. <i>wîchele<br>
</i><b>Wiechelbast, </b><i>Widenbast, </i>Rda.: <i>wat is 't
för Not för Strümpelband, Wichelbasten pellt jo noch.</i><br>
<b>Wichelbom </b>m. wie <i>Widenbom<br>
</i><b>Wichelbusch </b>m. wie <i>Widenbusch<br>
</i><b>Widenfläut:</b> <i>dei Kinner ihr Gepiep, Up frische
Wiechelfläuten.<br>
</i><b>Kroppwid'</b>, auch Kröppwid' f. Kopfweide, die
'gekröpfte' weiße oder Silberweide, salix alba, auch die
Bruchweide, salix fragilis (sonst <i>Sprockwid'</i>). Syn. <i>Koppwid',
Kroppwiechel.<br>
<br>
</i><b>Basterjahn</b>, Bastel-, Basten- , assimiliert Bassen-,
ferner Basche(n), mit Anlautverhärtung Paster-m. umgebildet aus <i>Sebastian</i>,
d.i. der christliche Märtyrer Fabian Sebastian, der von 236 bis
250 Bischof von Rom war und nach dem 20. Februar benannt ist;<b>
ihn ruft im Frühjahr die Jugend in ihren Bastlösereimen an</b>,
bei der Anfertigung der Weidenflöten zum Abklopfen der Rinde seit
altersher im ganzen Lande gesungen werden. <br>
<i>Hupp hupp hupp hupp Basterjahn, Lat de Widenfläut afgahn, Lat
s' ok nich verdarben, Lat s' ok jo gaut warden </i>(allgemein);
oder <br>
<i>Pipen, Papen, Pasterjahn, Lat de widen Fläut afgahn, Lat s' ok
nich verdarben, Lat s' recht lustig warden; </i>odder <i>Hubbub,
Hubbub, Basteljahn, Lat de Fideln un Fläuten gahn, Lat de Annern
ehr verdarben;<br>
</i>dat giwwt noch väl mihr Riemels von disse Oort.<br>
Un wat mi jüst so inföllt, männig Leederbauk näumt sick <b>Lat't
Fideln un Fläuten gahn.</b><br>
(Dit is man blot nelütte Kost'prauw'.)<br>
<br>
<b>OEWER DAT JOHR HEN<br>
</b>Stahn oll Wieden an den Weg,<br>
- kröppt sünd sei un kahl, -<br>
föllt de Snei up ehre Wunn'n,<br>
leggt sik sachting dal.<br>
<br>
Stahn oll Wieden in den Wind,<br>
- Lewark flüggt up Sprei, -<br>
hebben Kräns' von Bläder up,<br>
gräunen in ne Reih.<br>
<br>
Stahn oll Wieden in de Sünn,<br>
- Irdbeer wasst un Kruut, -<br>
baben in de boewelst Raud<br>
zirrt de Gäälgaus luud.<br>
<br>
Stahn oll Wieden in de Hitt,<br>
- Fauder swunkt un Kuurn, -<br>
haken Ohr'n in't Bläderwark,<br>
häng'n dor heil verluurn.<br>
<br>
Stahn oll Wieden in den Storm,<br>
- Vagel treckt un Wulk, -<br>
bruun un naakt, as Swääp an Swääp,<br>
suust ehr Telgenbulk.<br>
<br>
Stahn oll Wieden in de Küll,<br>
- Buer röögt de Händ', -<br>
sorgt de Aext för Korw un Pietsch,<br>
geiht dat Johr tau End . . .<br>
<br>
<i>Gerda Uhthoff 2.8.1896 - 21.10.1988<br>
(Läwte in Swerin, wenn wi uns in de Stadt oewer 'n Weg lopen
sünd, hebben wi ümmer bäten vertellt.)<br>
<br>
</i></big><big>Ick bün gaud oewer den'n Winter kamen...<br>
<br>
Hartlich.<br>
<br>
Hanne</big><br><font><br>----------<br><br></font><big style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">From: R. F. Hahn <<a href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com" target="_blank">sassisch@yahoo.com</a>><br>
Subject: Phonology<br><br>Thanks to everyone for the interesting responses.<br><br>Wäljkiimen bai Lowlands-L, Anne! Folks, meet our new member Annegret Schmieder from Northern Friesland! Now we have an Anne in addition to a Hanne.<br>
<br>I suspect that <i>wiichel</i> is a Low Saxon (Low German) loanword. Would you agree, Anne?<br><br>Joachim:<br><br></big><div style="margin-left:40px;color:rgb(0,0,153);font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><font>[1] Lustig hier (in Lübben] die Nähe zu:</font></div>
<div style="margin-left:40px;color:rgb(0,0,153);font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><font><br></font></div><div style="margin-left:40px;color:rgb(0,0,153);font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><font><i>wichelen,</i> zaubern, hexen, beschwören, wahrsagen.</font></div>
<div style="margin-left:40px;color:rgb(0,0,153);font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><font><i>wicheler,</i> Zauberer, Wahrsager; wichgelersche, f.</font></div><div style="margin-left:40px;color:rgb(0,0,153);font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">
<font><i>wichelie</i> (wichgelie) u. wichelinge, Zauberei, abergläubischer Brauch, Wahrsagerei, observatio auspiciorum, supersticio; </font></div>
<div style="margin-left:40px;color:rgb(0,0,153);font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><font><i>wichgelie-bôk.</i> Zauberbuch.</font></div><br style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><big style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">These are all divining and sorcery references based on "willow." Most people know that willow twigs used to be or still are used as dowsing rods ("water witching"). I wonder if the willow had or has other uses in witchcraft. If you respond specifically to this aspect, please do so under "Tradition".)<br>
<br>Besides <i>wid</i> and <i>widdie </i>(cf, German <i>Weide</i>), Scots has the word <i>sauch </i>for "willow". Clearly this is related to Old English sealh and is related to Latin <i>salix</i>. This turned into <i>sallow</i> in Modern English, while the Scots counterpart has preserved the final fricative: [sɑ:x] ~ [sɔ:x].<br>
<br>Compare Romance:<br>Castilian: sauce<br>Catalan: salze<br>French: saule<br>Galician: salgueiro<br>Italian: salice</big><big style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br>
Portuguese: salgueiro<br>Romanian: salcie</big><br style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><big style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br>Compare Celtic:<br>Irish: saileach<br>Manx: shellagh</big><big style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br>
Welsh: helyg (< *selyg)<br><br>So I am inclined to assume that "sallow", <i>sauch</i> and <i>selh</i> go back to Celtic loans.<br><br>Regards,<br>Reinhard/Ron<br>Seattle, USA</big><font style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br>
<br></font><font style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif" size="2"><div style="text-align:center">
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