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<font style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif">From: R. F. Hahn <<a href="mailto:sassisch@yahoo.com" target="_blank">sassisch@yahoo.com</a>></font><font style="font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif"><br>
Subject: </font>History<br>
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<br></font>Dear Lowlanders,<br><br>This morning I watched an interesting episode of the series "Weltbilder" ("Global Images") at the Hamburg website of Nordeutscher Rundfunk (North German Broadcasting, <a href="http://www.ndr.de/fernsehen/livestream223.html" target="_blank">http://www.ndr.de/fernsehen/livestream223.html</a>).<br>
<br>This particular documentary was about ethnic Germans who live in a post-Stalinist German-designated region of Siberia. Mennonites and non-Mennonites and their language varieties were distinguished. Locals would talk about their family histories. Those that had decided not to immigrate to Germany after the demise of the Soviet Union or had returned to Siberia from Germany gave their reasons. The main reason was that rural life back in Siberia was simpler, despite being materially poorer. A Mennonite father of ten explained (in Plautdietsch) that he had visited Germany and decided that he could only raise his family in their ancestral faith away from today's Germany and its temptations.<br>
<br>Within the documentary was a fascinating story with a botanical twist. Almost all Germans in the area grow <i>Physalis</i> which they themselves call <b><i>Junibeere</i></b> ("June berry") in German, while in the local Russian variety it is called <b><i><span lang="ru"><span>немецкий</span> <span>ягоды</span></span></i></b> (<i>nemeckij jagody</i> "German berry") because it is associated with local German farmers. <br>
<br>In other German dialects: <br><a href="http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapstachelbeere" target="_blank"><b>Kapstachelbeere</b></a> ("Cape gooseberry"), <b>Andenbeere</b> ("Andean berry"), <b>Andenkirsche</b> ("Andean cherry"), <b>Judenkirsche</b> ("Jewish cherry"), <b>Peruanische Blasenkirsche</b> ("Peruvian bladder/bubble cherry")<br>
<br>In other Russian dialects: <br><a href="http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" target="_blank"><b>к</b><b>апский крыжовник</b></a> (<i>kapskij kryžovnik</i> "Cape gooseberry")<br>
<br>Now, considering the full botanical name <i>Physalis peruviana</i> as well as the fact that this plant is closely related to the tomatillo (<i>Physalis philadelphica</i>), we can safely assume that the plant in question is of Latin American origin. Which makes me wonder how it acquired its connection with the Cape (supposedly Southern Africa's Cape of Good Hope). Furthermore, at least in the mentioned region of Siberia the plant is associated with Germans and it seems to be assumed that it had been introduced by them around one hundred years ago. <br>
<br>What about this Lowlands angle? <br>
<br>I assume that the plant reached Europe, or at least certain parts of Europe, from Latin America via Southern Africa and then (like the potato: German <i>Kartoffel</i> > Russian <span lang="ru"><span>картофель <i>kartofel'</i></span></span>) came to be introduced to Eastern Europe, Siberia and Central Asia. <br>
<br>I am not aware of <i>Physalis peruviana </i>being particularly popular in German, at least not for long. Might the Lowlands link be rooted in Mennonite and Dutch contacts among "Germans" in the <i>east</i>?<br>
<br><b><i>Physalis peruviana</i></b><br>
<ul><li>Quechua (Ruma Simi): <b><a href="http://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awaymantu" target="_blank">awaymantu</a></b>,<sup><a href="http://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awaymantu#cite_note-0" target="_blank">,</a></sup> <b>yawarchunka</b></li>
<li>English: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_gooseberry" target="_blank"><b>Cape gooseberry</b></a> (South Africa, U.S.), <b>Inca berry</b>, <b>Aztec berry</b>, <b>golden berry</b> (~ goldenberry), <b>giant ground cherry</b>, <b>Peruvian groundcherry</b>, <b>Peruvian cherry</b> (U.S.), <i><b>pok pok</b></i> (Madagascar), <i><b>p</b><b>oha</b></i> (Hawaii), <i><b>ras bhari</b></i> (India), <i><b>aguaymanto</b></i> (Peru), <i><b>uvilla</b></i> (Ecuador), <i><b>uchuva</b></i> (Colombia)</li>
<li>Dutch: <a href="http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goudbes" target="_blank"><b>Kaapse kruisbes</b></a> ("Cape gooseberry"), <b>goudbes</b> ("golden berry"), <b>ananaskers</b> </li><li>Afrikaans: ?</li><li>
Swedish: <a href="http://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physalis_%28fruktarten%29" target="_blank"><b>kapkrusbär</b></a> ("Cape gooseberry"), <b>guldbär</b> ("golden berry"), <b>lyktbär</b> ("lantern berry")<b>, </b><b>incabär</b> ("Inca berry")</li>
<li>Norwegian (<i>bokmål</i>): <b><a href="http://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ananaskirseb%C3%A6r" target="_blank">barbadoslykt</a> </b>("Barbados lantern")</li><li>Danish: ?<br></li></ul><br>I myself have tasted home-grown Cape gooseberries here in the northwestern US (under the name "Cape gooseberry") and found them to be very tasty. It would be nice to know more about their migration to the "Old World" and beyond, including their migration (back?) to the "New World."<br>
<br>Thanks for any help you might have.<br><br>Regards,<br>Reinhard/Ron<br>Seattle, USA<br>
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