From mmccaffe at indiana.edu Thu Oct 1 16:02:24 2009 From: mmccaffe at indiana.edu (Michael McCafferty) Date: Thu, 1 Oct 2009 12:02:24 -0400 Subject: -eh/-huah Message-ID: Estimados/-as, Here is Susana Moraleda's original message of September 10 followed by my message of today. =============================================================================== Date: 10 Sep 2009 12:29:27 +0200 Subject: [Nahuat-l] -eh and -huah From: "Susana Moraleda" To: "Nahuat-l (messages)" Campbell/Karttunen and Sullivan are not very clear on the various uses of -eh and -huah as regards quantities. Could anyone please confirm that I'm right on the following please? ONE who has ONE fish - michhuah MANY who have ONE fish - michhuahque ONE who has MANY fishes - mimichhuah MANY who have MANY fishes - mimichhuahque Thank you!!! Susana ============================================================================== Susana, I've been thinking about this question. Here's what I hope is a useful answer. If we look at Karttunen's and Campbell's _Foundation Course in Nahuatl Grammar_ as well as Sullivan's grammar, we find very similar and clear rules for forming such possessor nouns in Nahuatl: Karttunen and Campbell say, "...-eh for noun stems that end in consonants and -huah for noun stems that end in vowels and also a few stems that end in consonants." They also aad that you can make this construction plural by adding -queh. Pues: cal- + -eh = dueno de casa cal- + -eh + -queh = duenos de casa Sullivan says, "Cuando la raiz del sustantivo termina en consonante, se anade -e (sic) o -hua (sic) a veces indistintamente. En muchos casos regia la usagen regional. El sufijo -hua (sic) prevalecia en Tlaxcala, por ejemplo." Notice that in both cases, all three Nahuatl scholars are saying that a *noun stem*/raiz* is what receives the -eh/-huah. Now, ambiguity is a spontaneous creation of all languages. In Nahuatl, ambiguity is potentially present in this kind of construction since the noun that is possessed comes only in the form of a *stem*, and the stem can imply either a singular thing or plural things, for example: altepehuah one who has a town oztohuah one who has a cave (generally) but nacaceh one who has ears caqueh one who has shoes ma:yeh one who has hands atemeh one who has lice icxeh one who has feet If we look at Andrews' most _Introduction to Nahuatl Grammar_, we find that he's saying the same as Karttunen and Campbell, and Sullivan. Oh, and the examples he gives are particularly interesting. If you don't have that book, I can send copies of those pages, or, I think you can find his grammar on the web. I'm pretty sure I've seen it there. In any event, Andrews notes that the "incorporated object" (by which in this case he is referring to our "stem" and "raiz") can have a "distributive/varietal prefix". His (lone) example is mahma:eh 'it has arms/hands'. Which brings us to your example above: mimichhuah 'one who has fishes'. Since we last communicated on this topic, Joe Campbell was kind enough to send me 35 pages of examples of the use of -eh/-huah that occur in the Florentine Codex. All follow the above rules. In other words you get: noun stem + -eh/-huah for 'dueno de alguna(s) cosa(s). reduplicated noun stem + -eh/-huah for 'dueno de algunas cosas' In both cases, "duenos" is created by adding the plural verb suffix -queh (because -eh/-huah are actually verbal in nature). So, back to your original questions: "ONE who has ONE fish - michhuah" No. One who has fishes (although, technically, it could refer to one fish.) "MANY who have ONE fish - michhuahque" No. Many who have fishes. "ONE who has MANY fishes - mimichhuah" Yes. One who has fishes. "MANY who have MANY fishes - mimichhuahque" Yes. A su servicio, Michael _______________________________________________ Nahuatl mailing list Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl From rich_photos at yahoo.com Fri Oct 2 00:34:42 2009 From: rich_photos at yahoo.com (rick dosan) Date: Thu, 1 Oct 2009 17:34:42 -0700 Subject: book about names In-Reply-To: Message-ID: Can anyone recommend bibliography which may help in a study on nahuatl names. I am interested in finding patterns in how family's choose names for their children, today and historically. Thank you. -Richard Dorfsman -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: -------------- next part -------------- _______________________________________________ Nahuatl mailing list Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl From dcwright at prodigy.net.mx Sat Oct 3 19:52:15 2009 From: dcwright at prodigy.net.mx (David Wright) Date: Sat, 3 Oct 2009 14:52:15 -0500 Subject: Florentine Codex (Facsimile Edition) review Message-ID: A few months ago I saw a post on Nahuatl about a new digital edition of the Florentine Codex. I went to the website of the editors, the Bilingual Review | [sic] Press, Hispanic Research center, Arizona State University, where I found this description: "The Florentine Codex, one of the richest surviving sources of information on preconquest Aztec life, is now available in digital format! The Transcendent Icon, Resplendent Quetzal project of the Arizona State University Hispanic Research Center (HRC), in collaboration with Prof. Karl A. Taube of the University of California, Riverside, is pleased to offer a complete paleographic version of the codex, with full-color illustrations, at little over cost to professionals in the discipline. The 8.5" x 11.5" pages are in 300 dpi .TIF format, and each image is approximately 25 MB. Smaller .JPGs (500 KB each) are included for faster browsing" (http://www.asu.edu/brp/newandforthcoming/Florentine1.html). Excited by the latter description, I ordered the least expensive of the two formats, a set of 16 DVDs, for $600 US (the alternative is to buy the files on a hard drive for $800). The discs are in three plastic boxes with the title "Florentine Codex (Facsimile Edition)." I was disappointed to find that "paleographic version", in this case, does not mean a machine readable transcription, as one might reasonably expect. All of the files on the 16 discs are TIF images of individual pages of the manuscript (the JPG files mentioned in the publicity are not present). These images were scanned from the printed facsimile published by the Mexican government in 1979. On one of the blank pages at the beginning of volume 1 is Karl Taube's signature, which would seem to indicate that Dr. Taube's "collaboration" consisted in lending his copy of the 1979 edition for scanning. Nowhere in the publicity on the forementioned web page, nor on the packaging, is it mentioned that this "Facsimile Edition" is a digital copy of a printed facsimile, not of the original codex. There is nothing in the digital files other than this copy; new text and graphics appear only on the printed inserts slipped into the sleeves on the plastic boxes and on the disc labels. I had a lot of technical problems trying to read the files on both my desktop computer and a notebook. For some reason, on both machines the DVD drives tended to freeze up and I had to reboot often to continue viewing the files, sometimes several times for a single file, a problem I've never had with other digital editions. One of the discs spins noisily in the notebook's drive, heats up and refuses to be read. This has happened before with homemade discs with adhesive paper labels like the ones in this set, I suspect because they are a bit thicker than discs with labels printed directly on their backs. I sent a couple messages to the publishers by e-mail, on August 24 and September 11th, seeking a solution for the technical problems, but I haven't yet received a reply. _______________________________________________ Nahuatl mailing list Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl From tom_grigsby at yahoo.com Sun Oct 4 22:58:22 2009 From: tom_grigsby at yahoo.com (grigsby tom) Date: Sun, 4 Oct 2009 15:58:22 -0700 Subject: ethnoastronomy Message-ID: Listeros, Digging through some yellowed 40-year old field notes from Tepoztlán I found an entry wherein an elderly gentleman told me that the Pleiades, well-known as los siete cabrillas in Spanish, were called cuauhchiquihuitl (wooden basket) in his native Nahuatl. I know that the name for these stars in Classic times was tianquiztli, the market, but I wonder if anyone working in Mesoamerica has come across a baskety or alternative designation for that star cluster. Thanks, Tom Grigsby G.S. Rakovski St., No.79 Boboshevo, 2660 Bulgaria GSM: 359 0899 784 081 -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: -------------- next part -------------- _______________________________________________ Nahuatl mailing list Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl From jdanahuatl at gmail.com Mon Oct 5 20:55:49 2009 From: jdanahuatl at gmail.com (Jonathan Amith) Date: Mon, 5 Oct 2009 16:55:49 -0400 Subject: ethnoastronomy In-Reply-To: <626646.84547.qm@web110007.mail.gq1.yahoo.com> Message-ID: Hi, for the Pleiades I have heard, in Balsas, Miak. This term is shared among all speakers I have asked and is commonly known. As for "basket" The word for the head of Taurus is tlálkopétli (Oapan), cf. tolkopehtli (San Miguel Tecuiciapan) which is a conical-shaped basket of three sticks and woven palm used in pairs to transport objects (e.g., mazorca, comales) by beast of burden (one hanging on either side of the animal). In local Spanish it is called tenjolote or tencolote A better defintion is in Santamaría dictionary, p. 1003 It would seem strange for the Pleiades to be so named, but perhaps? Best, jonathan On Sun, Oct 4, 2009 at 6:58 PM, grigsby tom wrote: > Listeros, > > > > Digging through some yellowed 40-year old field notes from Tepoztlán I > found an entry wherein an elderly gentleman told me that the Pleiades, > well-known as los siete cabrillas in Spanish, were called cuauhchiquihuitl > (wooden basket) in his native Nahuatl. I know that the name for these > stars in Classic times was tianquiztli, the market, but I wonder if anyone > working in Mesoamerica has come across a baskety or alternative > designation for that star cluster. > > > > Thanks, > > > > Tom Grigsby > > > G.S. Rakovski St., No.79 > Boboshevo, 2660 Bulgaria > GSM: 359 0899 784 081 > > _______________________________________________ > Nahuatl mailing list > Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org > http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl > > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: -------------- next part -------------- _______________________________________________ Nahuatl mailing list Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl From campbel at indiana.edu Wed Oct 7 01:51:34 2009 From: campbel at indiana.edu (Campbell, R. Joe) Date: Tue, 6 Oct 2009 21:51:34 -0400 Subject: -eh / -huah In-Reply-To: <626646.84547.qm@web110007.mail.gq1.yahoo.com> Message-ID: Nocnihuan, Michael's structured answer to Susana's question has changed the direction of my activities in the last few days. The topic of -eh and -huah is one of those areas that are interesting on the surface and even more interesting at other levels. Like most people who begin to learn Nahuatl, I first met -eh and -huah as *suffixes* and accepted them as such. And then I encountered Andrews' claim that they were actually the remnants of verbs in which the apparently suffixed nouns (where a noun like chan(tli), as the major element, received a lower level element like -eh as a tail) were *really* embedded objects (like ni-cac-chi:hua, I make shoes). In spite of my respect for Andrews' insight into the complexities of Nahuatl, I did not immediately buy into the "embedded-object-of-an-obsolete-verb" theory, but as time went on, I found that my "dubits" became smaller and smaller. That's the way my relationship with various details in Andrews' grammars tend to develop. I saw that -eh and -huah participated in the same sort of paradigms that verbs did. ...and if they quacked like verbs, why would one insist on shoehorning them into the mold of "suffix"? In other words, if they had plurals in -queh like future and preterit verbs, participated in compound-verb-looking structures like "quichiuhtinemi", and had structures that look like nominalization in -ca, it would look like a dubious twist to insist that -eh and -huah were really just plain old suffixes. So... I have collected relevant examples of each kind of evidence and I thought that they would help make the case for the verbal basis of -eh and -huah to y'all. First, Nahuatl forms a set of "verb-ti-verb" compounds, with the second verb being from the following set: 1 nemi (ex.: patlantinemi) 2 quetza (ex.: ninehuatiquetza) 3 huetzi (ex.: calactihuetz) 4 mani (ex.: quichixtimani) 5 e:hua 6 hui:tz 7 qui:za 8 tla:lia: 9 tlehco 10 te:ca 11a ca:1a (ca:) 11b ca:1b (ye) 12 ihca 13 o 14a yauh 14b hui 15 calaqui 16 tla:za 17 temo: 18 ahci 19 ca:hua Second, Nahuatl future and preterit verb plurals are marked with the suffix -queh. While "boatowner" is 'acaleh', "boatowners" is 'acalehqueh', with an identical suffix for the plural. Third, Nahuatl creates nominal forms by affixing -ca to the preterit form of the verb. Examples: cochi cochcayotl (supper) cocoxca-calli hospital Fourth, words referring to place are formed with the suffix -ca:n affixed to a noun. Example: cualli cualcan I include below the relevant data under headings marked with ***. Ev.verb.01 through ev.verb.19 involve examples concerning compound verbs. Ev.verb.21 involves examples with -queh. Ev.verb.22 involves examples with nominalizations in -ca. Ev.verb.23x involves examples with -can. Iztayohmeh, Joe *ev.verb.01 *** caquehtinemi =ni. cutaras traer. . 71m1-6| cihuahuahtinemi , on-. he goes along married. . b.2 f.3 p.70| huicalehtinemi =tla. acompa¤ado assi (assi is acompa¤ar al mayor o ygual siguiendole); acompa¤ado assi (assi is acompa¤ar al mayor; o al ygual del que acompa¤a); persona acompa¤ada de criados lacayos o pajes. . 55m-00| huicallohtinemi =tla. acompa¤ado assi (assi is acompa¤ar al mayor o ygual siguiendole); acompa¤ado assi (assi is acompa¤ar al mayor; o al ygual del que acompa¤a); . ll>. 55m-00| ihiyohuahtinemi. . . b.11 f.1 p.3| ihtehtinemi. empre¤ada. . 55m- 7| tapalcayohtinemi =ni [scribal error: ++evidence for verbal origin of - yo:tl1: 71m1]. iugar los ni¤os, ayuntando tierra o caxquezuelos de vasijas quebradas. . 71m1-13| tapalcayohtinemi =ni=onitapalcayohtinen. jugar el ni¤o con tejuelas, o caxcos quebrados. . 71m2-15| tlahuicehtinemi. . . b.2 f.1 p.54| tlallohtinemi =ni. iugar los ni¤os, ayuntando tierra o caxquezuelos de vasijas quebradas. ll +ev.verb.01>. 71m1-13| morpheme count 15 *ev.verb.04 *** amaixcuatechimalehtimani. they have conical paper rosettes fastened on their foreheads. . b.2 f.3 p.75| morpheme count 1 *ev.verb.06 *** calehtihuitz. it quickly sets. . b.1 f.5 p.82| coyollohtihuitze. . ll +ev.verb.06>. b.12 f.3 p.38| iztihuitz =zan ye [scribal error: ??evidence of the verbal nature of "iz": 71m2]. ven presto. . 71m2-3| yaquehtihuitz. it came to a point. . b.12 f.3 p.41| morpheme count 4 *ev.verb.11a *** acxoyacalehtica. . . b.6 f.19 p.238| altepetenamehtica. cercada cibdad; ciudad cercada de muro. . 71m1-6| altepetetenamehtica [scribal error: ??...tete... = ??printing error?: 55m]. cercada cibdad. . 55m-4| coatzontecomehtica. . . b.12 f.1 p.10| macochehtica. . . b.1 f.1 p.25| tepotzehtica. . . b.1 f.1 p.25| morpheme count 7 *ev.verb.12 *** callotihcac. it has a house, it stands having a house. . b.11 f.26 p.269| cehuallotihcac. sombra hazer o tener el arbol o cosa assi; sombra tener o hazer el arbol. ll +ev.verb.12>. 55m-20| cehuallotihcac. it stands casting a shadow. ll +ev.verb.12>. b.11 f.11 p.107| ecauhyohtihcac. . . b.11 f.11 p.107| mamaehtihcac. it stands spreading branches. . b.11 f.11 p.107| ohtli =ohuihtihcac. camino aspero. . 55m-2| morpheme count 8 *ev.verb.13 *** citlallotoc. spread with stars, covered with stars. ll>. b.12 f.1 p.12| coloyotoc. it is strewn with scorpions. . b.6 f.19 p.243| cuauhtenamehtoc. . . b.12 f.5 p.69| cuauhtenanyotoc. . . b.12 f.5 p.69| cuauhyotoc. trees spread. . b.11 f.24 p.253| necuameyotoc. . . b.11 f.25 p.262| netzollotoc. it is lying full of prickly plants. ll>. b.11 f.25 p.262| pilhuahcateuhtlamattoqueh , an-. you [pl.] are considered parents. . b.6 f.15 p.186| pilhuahcateuhtlamattocan , xon-. consider yourselves as parents. . b.6 f.15 p.186| tecuanyohtoc. . . b.4 f.7 p.66| tecuanyotitoc , mo-. . . b.4 f.7 p.66| tlacacemellehtoc. . . b.4 f.7 p.66| tlatquihuahtoc. . . b.6 f.9 p.108| tocayehtoc. it remains having a name, it is named. . b.10 f.12 p.196| tzitzicazzotoc. it is strewn with nettles. zz>. b.6 f.19 p.243| morpheme count 15 *ev.verb.14b *** ihixehtiuh. it goes having joints, it has joints along it. . b.11 f.16 p.166| mahuizzohtihui. he goes in glory; they go honored. zz +ev.verb.14b>. b.2 f.7 p.124| teoquemehtihuia. . . b.1 f.1 p.3| morpheme count 4 *ev.verb.21 *** acalchimalehqueh. shield-boatmen. . b.12 f.5 p.66| acalchimallehqueh. shield-boatmen. . b.12 f.5 p.68| acalehqueh. boat owners. . b.1 f.1 p.22| ahuahqueh. . . b.6 f.4 p.49| ahuahqueh , am-. . . b.6 f.6 p.67| ahuahqueh. masters of the water; masters of the rain; ones who have water. . b.1 f.1 p.9| amaamahtlapalehqueh. ones who have paper wings. . b.2 f.1 p.44| amaixcuatechimalehqueh. those who have conical paper rosettes fastened on their foreheads. . b.2 f.3 p.75| atzotzocolehqueh. . . b.8 f.3 p.47| axcahuahqueh. due¤os de alguna cosa, o ricos y prosperos. . 71m2-2| axcahuahqueh. those who have property. . b.6 f.7 p.84| axochehqueh. . <+ev.verb.21>. b.6 f.11 p.127| cacaquehqueh. personas calzadas assi (assi is persona calzada, o que trae zapatos). . 71m2-2| calehqueh. ones who have houses. . b.10 f.11 p.176| calpolehqueh. ; men of the calpulli. . b.1 f.1 p.22| caquehqueh. personas calzadas assi (assi is persona calzada con zapatos). . 71m2-2| caquehqueh. those who have sandals. . b.10 f.11 p.176| cemilhuitlaelimic =cuacuahuehqueh in. yugada de tierra. . 55m-12| centlalehqueh. . . b.10 f.11 p.183| chalchiuhmacuexehqueh. those who have green stone bracelets. wm +ev.verb.21>. b.10 f.11 p.185| chanehqueh , an-. you dwellers. . b.6 f.16 p.203| chanehqueh =atlan. marisco. s. cangrejos, caracoles. &c. . 71m1-15| chanehqueh. dwellers; householders; inhabitants; members of the household; ones who have homes. . b.1 f.1 p.19| chipahuacanemilicehqueh. those who lead a pure life; those who live in chastity. . b.6 f.9 p.113| chipahuacayolloqueh. those who are pure of heart. ll +ev.verb.21>. b.6 f.9 p.114| cihuahuahqueh. ones who have wives. . b.2 f.9 p.148| cochia =cuacuahuehqueh in. majada de hato de vacas. . 71m2-14| cochian =cuacuahuehqueh in. majada de ganado. . 55m-13| cocoyolloqueh. . ll +ev.verb.21>. b.12 f.3 p.38| copallohqueh. lords of copal. ll>. b.6 f.4 p.39| copalloqueh. lords of copal. ll>. b.6 f.3 p.35| cotzehuahuahqueh. those who have leather bands on their calves. . b.10 f.11 p.185| coyolehqueh. . . b.12 f.3 p.38| cozquehqueh , an-. you are possessors of precious necklaces. . b.6 f.12 p.143| cozquehqueh. ones who have necklaces; possessors of precious necklaces; possessors of a precious necklace. . b.10 f.11 p.176| cuacuahuehqueh. ganado mayor. . 55m-10| cuacuahuehqueh Întlamantin. hato de vacas. . 55m-10| cuacuahuehqueh =miequintin. hato de vacas. . 55m-10| cualnemilicehqueh. hombres de buena vida. . 71m2-14| cuauhquechtlahuilanaya =cuacuahuehqueh in. yugo para u¤ir; yugo para v¤ir bueyes. . 55m-12| cuechehqueh. things that have rattles. . b.11 f.9 p.87| cuetlaxnacochihqueh. those who have leather ear plugs. . b.8 f.5 p.77| cuexanehqueh , an-. you [pl.] possess a skirt; you [pl.] are protectors. . b.6 f.12 p.145| cuexpaltotonehqueh. . . b.2 f.6 p.116| cuexpaltzitzinehqueh. ; those who have a tuft of hair on the back of their head. . b.2 f.6 p.116| cueyehqueh. ones that have skirts; those who have skirts. . b.10 f.11 p.184| cuezalecacehuacehqueh. those who have arara feather fans. . b.10 f.11 p.185| cuezallazohualehqueh. circular device made of arara feathers. . b.10 f.11 p.185| cuezcomehqueh. ones who have grain bins. . b.10 f.11 p.176| ehcacehuacehqueh. ones who have fans. . b.10 f.11 p.184| huipilehqueh. ones that have shifts; those who have shifts. . b.10 f.11 p.184| iauhyohqueh. ; lords of incense. . b.6 f.3 p.35| ichpochehqueh. a maiden's people; parents of the maiden; relatives of a girl. . b.6 f.12 p.149| icnohuahqueh. those who have mercy. . b.4 f.10 p.107| ihiyohqueh. . <+ev.verb.21>. b.4 f.10 p.107| ilhuihuahqueh. . . b.2 f.5 p.95| ilhuilehqueh. those who have desert. . b.6 f.4 p.41| itzcuinehqueh. dog owners. . b.4 f.9 p.92| ixcuamolehqueh , am-. you who have offspring. . b.6 f.13 p.153| ixehqueh =necoc. chismeros, o malsines, o demonios que tienen dos caras, y tienen ojos conque veen por detras y por delante. . 71m2-11| ixehqueh. those who have eyes. . b.6 f.5 p.52| iyohqueh , zan^-. only they; they alone. . b.2 f.6 p.110| iztehqueh , am-. ; you [pl.] are possessors of fingernails. . b.6 f.13 p.153| iztehqueh , tzonehqueh -. those who have offspring. . b.6 f.12 p.151| iztehqueh. those who have fingernails. . b.6 f.12 p.151| machicehqueh. . ch>. b.3 f.3 p.42| machicehqueh. sabidores tales (tal is el sabidor, o el que tiene noticia de algo, o persona que de officio le pertenece algo). ch>. 71m2-9| machicehqueh. ones who are experienced; ones who are well experienced; those who are experienced; witnesses. ch>. b.1 f.2 p.48| macuexehqueh. ones who have arm bands. . b.10 f.11 p.176| mahcehualehqueh. those who have merit. . b.6 f.4 p.41| malehqueh. captors, takers of captives; owners of captives; those who have captives; slave owners. . b.2 f.1 p.46| mamacuiltonalehqueh. . . b.4 f.5 p.48| maquehqueh , ne-. . . b.6 f.7 p.84| matemequehqueh. those who wear armbands. . b.10 f.11 p.185| matlequiquicehqueh. arquebusiers. . b.12 f.3 p.40| maxtlehqueh. those who have breechclouts. . b.10 f.11 p.176| melahuacanemilicehqueh. iustos. . 71m1-13| milehqueh. ones who have fields. . b.10 f.11 p.176| nacacehqueh , ixehqueh -. prudent people; those who are wise. . b.6 f.5 p.52| nacacehqueh. those who have ears; those who are discreet. . b.6 f.5 p.52| nahuahqueh. . . b.6 f.7 p.87| nahuaquehqueh. . . b.6 f.4 p.49| namiquehqueh. casados o casadas. . 71m2-11| namiquehqueh. married persons, those who have spouses. . b.5 f.3 p.191| nechicoltin cuacuahuehqueh tlahuilanqueh =tla. boyada. . 55m-2| nehtolehqueh. those who have vows. . b.1 f.5 p.75| nonotzalehqueh , ne-. . . b.10 f.12 p.194| nonotzalehqueh. conjurers; magicians. . b.11 f.1 p.3| ohtenhuahqueh. people who live at the side of the road. . b.12 f.4 p.59| ollohqueh. . ll>. b.6 f.3 p.35| ontecuezcomehqueh. those who have two cowlicks in their hair. . b.1 f.4 p.68| ontetzontecomehqueh. those which have two heads; those who have two heads. . b.8 f.1 p.19| oztoyohqueh , am-. . . b.6 f.4 p.40| pahpapahhuahqueh. . . b.3 f.3 p.47| pahuaque. priests. <+ev.verb.21>. b.9 f.5 p.61| papahhuahqueh. . . b.8 f.4 p.61| papahhuahqueh. guedejudos. . 71m2- 14| papahhuahqueh. long-haired ones. . b.8 f.4 p.62| pehualtilehqueh , tla-. they founded things, they began things. . b.6 f.6 p.68| pialehqueh. ones who have something in their charge, in their care. . b.6 f.13 p.153| pilhuahcateuhtlamatizqueh , ton-. we will experience parenthood. . b.6 f.6 p.77| pilhuahqueh. . . b.6 f.13 p.155| pilhuahqueh. personas que tienen hijos. . 71m2-14| pilhuahqueh , im-. their parents. . b.2 f.10 p.164| pilhuahqueh , ti-. we are parents. . b.6 f.8 p.97| pilhuahqueh. parents, those who have children. . b.1 f.2 p.30| piochehqueh. . . b.10 f.11 p.177| pipilolehqueh. . . b.10 f.12 p.188| pixehqueh. guardians of tradition. . b.11 f.1 p.3| potoncacaquehqueh. those who have sandals decorated with feathers. . b.1 f.1 p.19| quechquemehqueh. those who have shawls. . b.10 f.11 p.184| quemehqueh , tla-. ones who have clothes. . b.10 f.11 p.176| quetzalehqueh , an-. you are possessors of precious feathers. . b.6 f.12 p.143| quetzalehqueh. ones who have quetzal feathers; possessors of precious feathers; possessors of a precious feather. . b.10 f.11 p.176| quetzalmanalehqueh. those who have quetzal feather devices on their back. . b.10 f.11 p.185| tecuecuexehqueh. ones who have trinkets. . b.10 f.11 p.184| telpochehqueh. a youth's people; parents of a youth; relatives of a youth. . b.6 f.12 p.149| telpochtequihuahqueh. rulers of the youths; young seasoned warriors. . b.2 f.2 p.56| telpopochtequihuahqueh. young seasoned warriors. . b.12 f.4 p.53| temazcalehqueh. owners of sweat-houses; owners of the sweat-houses. . b.1 f.1 p.15| tentzonehqueh. ganado menudo. . 71m1-12| tentzonehqueh =ichcameh. ganado menudo. . 55m-10| tentzonehqueh. bearded ones. . b.11 f.7 p.70| tenzacahuahqueh. those who have labrets. . b.8 f.5 p.77| teoahqueh. ones who have a god. . b.10 f.11 p.176| teocuitlahuahqueh. goldworkers; goldsmiths; gold workers. . b.9 f.5 p.69| teohuahqueh. keepers of a god; those who have gods. . b.2 f.4 p.93| teopanehqueh. los due¤os, o que tienen cargo de la yglesia. . 71m2-17| tepehuahqueh. . . b.6 f.4 p.49| tepehuahqueh , ahuahqueh -. inhabitants of the city; city dwellers. . b.6 f.4 p.49| tepehuahqueh , amahuahqueh an-. you are the rulers of cities. . b.6 f.6 p.67| tepehuahqueh , an-. . . b.6 f.6 p.67| tepehuahqueh =ahuahqueh. ciudadanos, o vezinos de pueblo. . 71m2-2| tepeyohqueh , an-. . . b.6 f.4 p.40| tepotzehqueh , an-. . . b.6 f.12 p.145| tepozmacuahuehqueh. bearers of iron swords; swordsmen. . b.12 f.3 p.38| tepoztlahuitolehqueh. crossbowmen. . b.12 f.3 p.40| tepoztopilehqueh. lancers. . b.12 f.4 p.62| tequihuahqueh , te-. seasoned warriors. . b.8 f.5 p.73| tequihuahqueh. seasoned warriors. . b.2 f.5 p.100| tequipanehqueh. semaneros assi (assi is semanero, o el que tiene cargo de exercitar algun oficio, o el ebdomadario). . 71m2-18| tequipanehqueh. officiating priests; those who have tasks. . b.2 f.8 p.133| tequippanehqueh. . . b.2 f.9 p.153| tequippanehqueh. (assi is semanero, o el que tiene cargo de exercitar algun oficio, o el ebdomadario). . 71m2-18| tequippanehqueh. those who have tasks. . b.2 f.3 p.73| tetenyahualehtoqueh. . . b.4 f.2 p.20| teteopanehqueh. los que tienen yglesias. . 71m2-18| tezacahuahqueh. ones who have straw lip pendants. . b.2 f.5 p.99| tlacacemelehqueh , ah-. those who are perverse. . b.10 f.2 p.37| tlacacemellehqueh. . . b.4 f.5 p.50| tlacacemellehqueh , ah-. inhuman persons; . . b.4 f.4 p.41| tlacahuahqueh. due¤os o amos de esclauos. . 71m2-20| tlacahuahqueh. slave owners. . b.4 f.4 p.34| tlacualehqueh. ones who have food. . b.10 f.11 p.176| tlahtohcahuahqueh. those who have rulers. . b.10 f.10 p.175| tlahuelehqueh. . . b.4 f.10 p.107| tlahuicehqueh. those who have insignia; those who have devices; insignia. . b.9 f.1 p.3| tlahuilanaya =cuacuahuehqueh in. yugo para u¤ir; yugo para v¤ir bueyes. . 55m-12| tlalhuahqueh. sextons. . b.3 f.3 p.44| tlamacazcatequihuahqueh. warrior offering priests. . b.2 f.3 p.79| tlapaltequihuahqueh. seasoned warriors. . b.2 f.9 p.148| tlaquehqueh. cosas que tienen cuerpos. . 71m2-23| tlaxilacalehqueh. ; neighborhood dwellers. <+ev.verb.21>. b.6 f.11 p.127| tlaxillacalehqueh. neighborhood dwellers. . b.2 f.9 p.147| tloquehqueh. . . b.6 f.4 p.49| tocayehqueh. designated, those which have names. . b.11 f.25 p.258| topilehqueh. . . b.1 f.5 p.75| totontin cuacuahuehqueh =tla. desyunzidos bueyes. . 71m1- 8| tzinacantopilehqueh. halberdiers. . b.12 f.4 p.62| tzintilehqueh , tla-. they founded things, they began things. . b.6 f.6 p.68| tzonehqueh , an-. ; you [pl.] are possessors of hair. . b.6 f.13 p.153| tzonehqueh. those who have hair. . b.6 f.12 p.151| tzonquemehqueh. those who wear long hair. . b.2 f.10 p.158| tzotzocolehqueh. ; those who have a jar-shaped hairdress. . b.2 f.5 p.99| yaotenhuahqueh. those who hold the enemy borders. . b.1 f.2 p.32| yaoteoaqueh. . . b.8 f.4 p.57| yaotequihuahqueh. seasoned warriors. . b.8 f.5 p.87| yecnemilicehqueh. hombres justos; iustos. . 71m2-6| zan iyohqueh =ahmo. no solamente ellos, o no son solos ellos. s. los que se han de saluar. . 71m2-1| zan yeh iyohqueh =ahmo. no solamente ellos solos. . 71m2-1| zoyatlazohualehqueh. circular device made of palm leaves. . b.10 f.11 p.185| morpheme count 365 *ev.verb.22 *** amilpanehcayotl. . . b.10 f.4 p.75| axcahuahcatzintli. owner [H.]. . b.6 f.15 p.186| ca =iyohca. desacompa¤ado o desamparado; estar alguna cosa sola y desacompa¤ada o estar algo aparte; desacompa¤ado. . 71m1-7| calehcapoh , i-. her neighbor. . b.2 f.10 p.166| calehcapoh =no. mi vezino; vezino mio. . 71m2-12| calehcapoh =te. vezino con^otro. . 71m1-20| calehcapohyotl. vezino con otro. . 55m-19| chanehcaconetl. child born within the household. . b.10 f.1 p.2| chanehcauh , te-. . . b.10 f.1 p.8| chinampanehcayotl. . . b.11 f.27 p.279| cocolehcayotl =ah [scribal error: ??ca:5 evidence of verbal nature of eh1: 55m]. mansedumbre. . 55m-13| cocolehcayotl =ah. mansedumbre. . 71m1-15| icnohuahcatzintli. benigno; piadoso. . 71m1-3| icnohuahcatzintli. merciful person. . b.6 f.9 p.103| icnohuahcayotl. mansedumbre; piedad o compassion. . 55m-13| inyohca =zan. singular o particularmente a^fulano. . 71m1-19| ixehcatoca =nin. estimarse en mucho. . 71m1-11| ixehcatoca =nin=oninixyecatocac. tenerse o estimarse en^mucho. xy>. 71m2-8| iyohca. aparte; aparte. aduerbio. . 55m- 1| iyohca , zan^-. separately, alone. . b.4 f.3 p.30| iyohca =zan. singular o particularmente a^fulano. . 71m1-19| iyohca. apart, alone, aside, by itself; by himself; he alone. . b.9 f.6 p.81| iyohca quetzaliztli =teoyotica. descomunion. . 55m-5| iyohca. separately, apart; alone; each by itself; in private. . b.8 f.5 p.75| milehcapoh =no. el que tiene heredad, o tierras junto alas mias. . 71m2-12| milehcatontli. qui¤onero que tiene parte en heredad. . 71m2-10| millehcatontli. qui¤onero que tiene alli parte. . 55m-17| nacazehcatoca =nino. estimarse en mucho. . 71m1-11| nacazehcatoca =nino=oninonacazehcatocac. presumir de prudente y sabio. . 71m2-11| nanehcatlamati , ti-. you acknowledge your mother. . b.6 f.7 p.80| panhuetztica =iyohca. sobrepujar o exceder alas otras cosas, o alos otros; cosa que sobrepuja alas otras. . 71m1-19| panquiztica =iyohca. sobrepujar o exceder alas otras cosas, o alos otros; cosa que sobrepuja alas otras. . 71m1-19| pilhuahcateuhtlamatizqueh , ti-. we shall take pleasure like parents. . b.6 f.16 p.194| pilhuahcatzintli. ; parent; maker [H.]; your maker. . b.6 f.14 p.169| pilhuahcatzitzinti. . . b.6 f.12 p.149| quetzalo =noyohca ni=noyohca oniquetzaloc. ser desdichado, o puesto aparte, y dexado solo. . 71m2-12| quetzalo =toyohca ti. ser puestos aparte, y segregados y apartados de otros. . 71m2-25| tahtehcatlamati , ti-. you acknowledge your father. t +cord +ev.verb.22>. b.6 f.7 p.80| tenayocatetl. . . b.11 f.25 p.263| tenquiztica =iyohca. sobrepujar o exceder alas otras cosas, o alos otros. . 71m1-19| teotlalpanehcayotl. . . b.10 f.4 p.66| tequihuahcacalli. . . b.8 f.3 p.43| tequihuahcati. he becomes a seasoned warrior. . b.4 f.9 p.94| tequihuahcatia. they became seasoned warriors. . b.4 f.8 p.77| tequihuahcatiz. he will become a seasoned warrior. . b.9 f.4 p.39| tequihuahcatocaitl. title of a seasoned warrior. . b.8 f.5 p.77| tequihuahcaxima , mo-. their hair is shorn like seasoned warriors. . b.8 f.5 p.73| tequihuahcaxima , qui-. . . b.8 f.5 p.77| tequihuahcaximaya , quin-. they cut their in the manner of seasoned warriors. . b.9 f.4 p.45| tlahuicehcahua , te-. insignia bearers. . b.4 f.3 p.26| tlalia =noyohca nino. rebelar. . 55m-17| tlalia =noyohca nino=noyohca oninotlali. hazer vando por si, o reuelarse contra la cabecera. . 71m2-12| tlatlauhtiani teopixqui =iyohca tla. monge solitario. x +ev.verb.22>. 55m-14| tlatlauhtiani =iyohca tla. hermitano, o solitario. . 71m2-6| tonalehcapoh =no. amigo entra¤al; mi particular amigo. . 71m1-2| tonalehcapohhua , i-. his day sign companions. . b.4 f.2 p.17| tzontecomehticaca. . . b.9 f.6 p.83| ximmilpanehcayotl. . mm +ev.verb.22>. b.11 f.27 p.279| yeliztli =iyohca. desacompa¤amiento assi (assi is desacompa¤ado o desamparado); desacompa¤amiento; soledad del que esta solo y desacompa¤ado. . 71m1-7| yohca =no. yo solo, o asolas. . 71m2- 12| yohca =zan i. solamente o particularmente ael. . 71m1-19| yohca =zan in. solamente a ellos o a aquellos. . 71m1-19| morpheme count 103 *ev.verb.23x *** ixehcan. location of joints. . b.11 f.16 p.166| iyohcan , zan^-. separate place. . b.4 f.3 p.27| tlacacemellehcan , ah-. place of turbulence. . b.4 f.3 p.25| tzinehcan =i. al principio, s, quando comence a hazer algo. . 71m1-2| _______________________________________________ Nahuatl mailing list Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl From cuecuex at gmail.com Wed Oct 7 17:36:22 2009 From: cuecuex at gmail.com (roberto romero) Date: Wed, 7 Oct 2009 12:36:22 -0500 Subject: etnoastomia una precision Message-ID: Hola Tom Una precisión un chiquihuite NO ES es un Canasto de Madera (is not wooden basket) , por defininición un canasto no es de madera de ser hecho de madera seria una caja (box) y dejaría de ser un canasto (basket) .El chiquihuite es un canasto hecho de vara (is rod basket ) . El chiquihuite se sigue usando ya poco pero aun esta en uso en este año 2009. El chiquihuite es de forma de un cilindro recto, ligeramente mas angosto en la base, la altura del canasto para ser chamado chiquiuite debe ser de por lo menos un metro, puede ser mas alto y de ancho en la boca de 60 centimetos, puede ser mas ancho.A veces llevan tapa Se usa el chiquihuite aun como medio de transporte en comunidades rurales para trasladar objetos de alfareria ( loza) y en algunas otras para trasladar mazorcas . Se usa para individualmente cargar a la espalda utilizando un mecapal, una cinta de ixtle ancha que se coloca en la frente de la cual se desprenden cuerdas para amarrar el chiquihuite y cargarlo a la espalda. El chiquihuite, el mecapal y el hombre que carga serian un cinjunto simbólico . En el habla popular del centro del país México, se utilizaba el término chiquihuite o el de petaca para referirse a las nalgas de una mujer: "Tiene buen chiquihuite" "Prestame tus petacas" . Ambos términos estan en desuso. De la misma forma que se usa un poco mas el de tompiate, un pequeño canasto o bolsa para referirse a los testículos , "Por mis meros tompiates". En el valle de México hay un cerro llamado el Cerro del Chiquihuite, hoy ahí estan instaladas todas las antenas de las televisoras que cubren la señal de TV del valle de Mexico. Por las referencias que da Sahagún en su relación de la fiesta de los cerros de Atlcahualo es muy probable que el cerro del Chiquihuite sea parte de la sierra de Cuauhtépetl : " una siera eminente que esta cerca de Tlatelulco" Esta "sierra eminente" del Cuauhtépetl la distingue Sahagún de otra sierra mas cercana a Tletelolco: la sierra de Yoaltecatl "que esta cabe Guadalope", esto es la sierra de Yaoltecal es donde esta el cerro del Tepeyac , donde se adoraba a la diosa Tonantzin y ahora se rinde culto a la morenita, a la Guadalupana. Finalmente aunque es probable que usted ya los conozca para los otros lectores del Foro recomiendo la obra de la Dra Yolotl Gonzalez : El Culto a los Astros entre los Méxicas. Sobre las constelacione la Dra Gonzalez refiere al artículo de Hernan Beyer: La astronomía de los Antiguos Mexicanos Anales del Museo nacional 3ª época 1910 o en Mito y Simbolismo del México Antiguo Tomo I 1951. Tambien refiere al libro de Alberto Escalona Ramos: Cronología y y astronomía maya mexica Ed fides Méx 1940. Ninguna de las constelaciones que estos autores señalan y que reproduce la dra Gonzalez lleva el nombre de cuauhchiquihuitl que le dio su anciano informante. Sobre la constelacion Tianquiztli la dra Gonzalez cita sí otro nombre el de MIAC.y señala citando a sahagun que " se decia que los miembros de esta constelación reñían todo el año, menos ene le me de Tecuilhuitontli". p 122 Este veintena es la sétima y estaba dedicada a la diosa Huixtocíhuatll la diosa de la sal, quizas la diosa del mar , a la que consideraban "hermana de los dioses de la lluvia" . entre los pueblos de los informantes de Sahagun en otros quien sabe. En el calendario de Sahagun esta veintena cae del 2 al 21 de junio en su correlación con el calendario cristiano. En otrops calendarios de otros pueblos su correlación varia. Miec en los dibujos de constelaciones que hace Khöler es otra constelación distinta de Tianquistli p 251 y la traduce como "muchos" y tiene la forma de pepita de calabaza o de pepita de chilacayote ,un ovalo con la punta aguda . Mientras que Tianquiztli son don lineas paralelas en medio de un cuadrangulo trazado por solo una estrella en cada vertice del cuadrado. En la Crónica Mexicana el historiador mestizo Tezozomoc cita varias constelaciones pero no cuauhchiquihuitl (cap . LXXIV) Ulrichh Köhler publico el artículo Conocimientos astronómicos de indígenas contemporaneos y su contribución para identificar constelaciones aztecas yAlessandro Luppo publico La etnoastromia de los huaves de Sanmateo del Mar Oaxaca ambos artículos en (Arqueoastronomía y Etnoastronomía en Mesoamerica UNAM IIA 1991ç, Editotres J Brda, S. Iwaniszewski) En ninguno de los dos artículos se menciona que los indigenas refieran una constelación como cuauhchiquihuitl Una de los informante de Chiapas (Larrainzar) de Kholer le informa de la constelación testiculos ( tompiates) que Kholer piensa que puede ser Géminis y otra es huevos de paloma que sería tambien en Géminis p 253 Por cierto cuauhchiquihuitl mas que traducirse como wooden basket , "canasto de madera" !!??. creo que la traducción correcta sería el canasto del aguila o el canasto de la montaña o la montaña canasta o el canasto del bosque o el canasto defl árbol entonces es un nido . No es traduccion literal las que propongo son equiparaciones siguen la traducion que sugiere la del hongo alucinante de alta montaña o de bosque . el Cuauhtlananacatl "hongos conque se embriagan montesinos" y la de Cuauhnauac junto al bosque donde Cuauh es bosque o la de Cuauhmecatl la cuerda del águiladonde Cuauh es águila. De donde resulta que el término Cuauh es polisémico es águila, es montaña poque en ella habitan águilas, es bosque, es arbol, es madera . Un proceso que los lingüistas podrían explicarnos Espero haber sido util Roberto Romero Gutierrez desde la "garganta de tierra adentro" -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: -------------- next part -------------- _______________________________________________ Nahuatl mailing list Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl From idiez at me.com Wed Oct 14 02:37:03 2009 From: idiez at me.com (John Sullivan, Ph.D.) Date: Tue, 13 Oct 2009 21:37:03 -0500 Subject: Nahuatl instructional video Message-ID: Piyali listeros, One of our instructional videos for Huastecan Nahuatl is on youtube. You can access it at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dHJFw_EFJKs John John Sullivan, Ph.D. Professor of Nahua language and culture Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas Zacatecas Institute of Teaching and Research in Ethnology Tacuba 152, int. 43 Centro Histórico Zacatecas, Zac. 98000 Mexico Work: +52 (492) 925-3415 Fax: +1 (858) 724-3030 (U.S.A.) Home: +52 (492) 768-6048 Mobile: +52 1 (492) 103-0195 idiez at me.com www.macehualli.org -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: -------------- next part -------------- _______________________________________________ Nahuatl mailing list Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl From schwallr at potsdam.edu Wed Oct 14 17:25:07 2009 From: schwallr at potsdam.edu (John F. Schwaller) Date: Wed, 14 Oct 2009 13:25:07 -0400 Subject: FWD: Aztec exhibit art gallery Message-ID: Date: 14 Oct 2009 12:08:38 -0500 From: "michael ruggeri" Listeros, Art Daily has published a very nice art gallery of the "Moctezuma; Aztec Ruler" exhibit now at the British Museum in London. http://www.artdaily.com/index.asp?int_sec=210&p=0&id=438&fid=0 A tiny URL; http://tiny.cc/xL6bt Mike Ruggeri Mike Ruggeri's Aztec and Toltec World http://tinyurl.com/yqypej Mike Ruggeri's Toltec and Aztec Art Portfolio http://tinyurl.com/kqed7t _______________________________________________ Nahuatl mailing list Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl From schwallr at potsdam.edu Thu Oct 15 13:33:54 2009 From: schwallr at potsdam.edu (John F. Schwaller) Date: Thu, 15 Oct 2009 09:33:54 -0400 Subject: Princess names Message-ID: A friend has asked me about the names of Nahua princesses. Ar there any that you all find particularly pretty? The only one which immediately came to mind was Miahuaxihuitl, the princess of Cuahunahuac who magically was impregnated by Huitzilihuitl and was Moteuctzoma Ilhuicamina's mother. -- ***************************** John F. Schwaller President SUNY - Potsdam 44 Pierrepont Ave. Potsdam, NY 13676 Tel. 315-267-2100 FAX 315-267-2496 _______________________________________________ Nahuatl mailing list Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl From gwhitta at gwdg.de Thu Oct 15 19:01:05 2009 From: gwhitta at gwdg.de (Gordon Whittaker) Date: Thu, 15 Oct 2009 21:01:05 +0200 Subject: Names of princesses In-Reply-To: Message-ID: Hi Fritz, How about Chalchiuhnenetl? Very pretty, but unfortunately ill-fated. And a double entendre that might be inappropriate when a child with the name grows to be a woman. George Kubler got into trouble over a rather earthy translation he offered a Yale class some decades ago. Similarly ambiguous is Quetzalpetlatl, pretty but better for a seductress than for a little girl starting out in life. One shouldn't tempt fate. Moving right along. Chimalman would be good for a girl with ambitious parents. Less pretty, though. Not so flattering, perhaps, would be the name Ilamaton ~ Ilanton 'Little Old Lady' that a number of newborns were graced with in the mid-16th century. One wonders. Goddesses' names were given to girls, and one favourite was Chalchihuitlicue, which I think is very pretty. Curiously, the non-Mexica form Chalchiuhtlicue seems to be gaining ground in the scholarly literature. Chalchiuhcueye is a very pretty twist on the name. Then there's Huitzilapan 'Hummingbird Waters', rather idyllic. Although I wouldn't recommend the hotlands name Nencihuatl 'Useless Woman', I think the popular name it's making fun of, Cencihuatl 'Totally Woman', is a (presumably) positive-minded alternative. One should avoid saddling girls with the generic Xochitl, which today is so popular in Mexico because it translates Rosa. Xochitl is more often a man's name than a woman's, interestingly enough. Besides, there are so many creative compounds with -xochitl that would offer prettier choices. A matter of taste, I guess. Incidentally, it's surprising how many men had 'female' names, such as those ending in -cihuatl or -ilama. How about Teoxoch 'Divine Flower'? Women often had plant and flower names. Dozens of them turn up among nobility and the common folk alike. If your friend is from the South, he might want to consider Iyexoch 'Tobacco Flower'. Or even Aocxihue 'She's Out of Herbs'. Finally, there's Temacxochitl 'A Flower in Someone's Hands'. Hmm. I'm a little burned out after a long day, so I 'll leave it at that for the moment. Best wishes, Gordon ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Gordon Whittaker Professor Linguistische Anthropologie und Altamerikanistik Seminar fuer Romanische Philologie Universitaet Goettingen Humboldtallee 19 37073 Goettingen Germany tel./fax (priv.): ++49-5594-89333 tel. (office): ++49-551-394188 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ _______________________________________________ Nahuatl mailing list Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl From cuecuex at gmail.com Fri Oct 16 07:24:50 2009 From: cuecuex at gmail.com (roberto romero) Date: Fri, 16 Oct 2009 02:24:50 -0500 Subject: Nombres de Princesas Nombres Eroticos y otros =?iso-8859-1?Q?=BFtrans_?= sexuales? Message-ID: Hola Gordon , Fritz y demas foristas No es demasiado erótico y sugestivo el nombre Chalchiuhnenetl pues nenetl no sólo es muñeca de niños sino tambien significa "la natura de la mujer" y Chalchiu lo que llamaban "esmeraldas" las preciosas piedras verdes, lo mas valioso . Equiparando aquello con ésto o sublimando y equiparando lo precioso de aquello con esto . Señalas al hablar de los nombres con Xochitl : "Incidentally, it's surprising how many men had 'female' names" Acaso no hay flores masculinas, flores machos , las flores del maiz lo son y una de las labores agrícolas es cortarlas despues de que se produce la polinización , el corte permite un mejor desarrollo de las mazorcas Creo que los indios prehispanicos y muchos de los actuale lo saben Por otro lado ligar el nombre de las flores a lo femenino, considerar un nombre que usa flor como un nombre de mujer es una caracteristica propia de nuestra cultura occidental y judeo cristiana No solo hombres dioses llevaban nombres de flor Un dios solar MacuilXochitl uno de las deidades mas importantes y menos comprendidas no solo es flor es cinco veces flor . Y Xochipilli la deidad de los psicodelicos alucinogenos según Furst y otros. Roberto Romero Gutierrez -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: -------------- next part -------------- _______________________________________________ Nahuatl mailing list Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl From lahunik.62 at skynet.be Thu Oct 15 20:05:09 2009 From: lahunik.62 at skynet.be (Baert Georges) Date: Thu, 15 Oct 2009 22:05:09 +0200 Subject: Princess Names Message-ID: Atotoztli, daughter of Achitometl, the last tlahtoani of Colhuacan. Ilancueitl, first wife of Achitometl, daughter of Xihuitlemoc, tlahtoani of Colhuacan. Tezcatlamiyahuatl, second wife of Achitometl, daughter of a tlahtoani of Tetepango. Ayauhcihuatl, first wife of Huitzilhuitl, daughter of Tezozomoc, tlahtoani of Azcapotzalco, mother of Chimalpopoca.. Miyahlaxocho-itl, secpnd wife of Huitzilhuitl. Miyahuaxihuitl, third wife of Huitzilhuitl. Huacalzintli, daughter of Cuahcuauhtzin, tlahtoani of Tlatelulco. Chichimecachuatzin, niece of the mother of Motecuhzoma Ilhuicamina. Techichpotzin, daughter of Moctezuma Xocoyotzin. Lahun ik 62 Baert Georges Flanders Fields -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: -------------- next part -------------- _______________________________________________ Nahuatl mailing list Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl From karttu at nantucket.net Fri Oct 16 14:01:43 2009 From: karttu at nantucket.net (Frances Karttunen) Date: Fri, 16 Oct 2009 10:01:43 -0400 Subject: Princess name Message-ID: There was Tecuichpochtzin, whose name pretty much means 'princess.' TOne of the daughtesr of Moteuczoma, she was repeatedly married, first to three Aztec leaders, all of whom died in the Conquest. Then, after being in the hands of Cortés for awhile and having been given the baptismal name Doña Isabel and endowed with a large estate, she had three successive marriages to conquistadors. It might be worthwhile to consult the essay on "Nahua Naming Patterns" by Rebecca Horn in Indian Women of Early Mexico, published by the University of Oklahoma Press in 1997. There is a section on "Preconquest Naming Patterns' on pp. 107-8. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: -------------- next part -------------- _______________________________________________ Nahuatl mailing list Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl From Irene.Padilla at fmc-na.com Fri Oct 16 14:20:17 2009 From: Irene.Padilla at fmc-na.com (Irene Padilla) Date: Fri, 16 Oct 2009 07:20:17 PDT Subject: Princess name In-Reply-To: <915989DA-FDF8-4A22-89AF-5AF85D602228@nantucket.net> Message-ID: Good Morning Listeros...Ive been reading the post. Can you give me the correct pronunciation of Tecuichpochtzin May you all have a blessed day! Thanks! ~Irene -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: -------------- next part -------------- _______________________________________________ Nahuatl mailing list Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl From mmccaffe at indiana.edu Fri Oct 16 16:36:19 2009 From: mmccaffe at indiana.edu (Michael McCafferty) Date: Fri, 16 Oct 2009 12:36:19 -0400 Subject: Princess name In-Reply-To: <200910161420.n9GEKIwZ008590@www.famsi.org> Message-ID: Quoting Irene Padilla : > Good Morning Listeros...Ive been reading the post. > Can you give me the correct pronunciation of Tecuichpochtzin > May you all have a blessed day! > Thanks! > ~Irene Irene ihuan mochintin: Phonemically, "underlyingly so to speak," Tecuichpochtzin is /te-kwic-poc-tsin/ with the stress falling on the first and third syllables. (Here [c] = Spanish "ch".) However, at the *phonetic* level, i.e., in actual parlance, the /c-ts/ -> [tsts]. Moreover, /c-p/ -> [pp] is possible. So, the surface pronunciation can be either [te-kwic-pots-tsin] or [te-kwip-pots-tsin]. Michael _______________________________________________ Nahuatl mailing list Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl From micc2 at cox.net Fri Oct 16 18:03:39 2009 From: micc2 at cox.net (micc2 at cox.net) Date: Fri, 16 Oct 2009 11:03:39 -0700 Subject: Princess name In-Reply-To: <200910161420.n9GEKIwZ008590@www.famsi.org> Message-ID: I believe it would be: tekw-ich-poch-tzin tekw = lord/lday ichpoch(catl) = young unmarried woman tzin= diminutive/honorific/reverential ending Mario ---- Irene Padilla wrote: > Good Morning Listeros...Ive been reading the post. > Can you give me the correct pronunciation of Tecuichpochtzin > May you all have a blessed day! > Thanks! > ~Irene _______________________________________________ Nahuatl mailing list Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl From chelodona at hotmail.com Fri Oct 16 19:10:03 2009 From: chelodona at hotmail.com (chelo dona) Date: Fri, 16 Oct 2009 16:10:03 -0300 Subject: Nombres de Princesas Nombres Eroticos y otros =?iso-8859-1?Q?=BFtrans_?= sexuales? In-Reply-To: Message-ID: Right. Colors, ornaments and flowers was power and vitality symbols. As such, they were commonly and naturally used by males in many ancient societys, including mesoamerican. Marcelo Date: Fri, 16 Oct 2009 02:24:50 -0500 From: cuecuex at gmail.com To: Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org Subject: [Nahuat-l] Nombres de Princesas Nombres Eroticos y otros ¿trans sexuales? Hola Gordon , Fritz y demas foristas No es demasiado erótico y sugestivo el nombre Chalchiuhnenetl pues nenetl no sólo es muñeca de niños sino tambien significa "la natura de la mujer" y Chalchiu lo que llamaban "esmeraldas" las preciosas piedras verdes, lo mas valioso . Equiparando aquello con ésto o sublimando y equiparando lo precioso de aquello con esto . Señalas al hablar de los nombres con Xochitl : "Incidentally, it's surprising how many men had 'female' names" Acaso no hay flores masculinas, flores machos , las flores del maiz lo son y una de las labores agrícolas es cortarlas despues de que se produce la polinización , el corte permite un mejor desarrollo de las mazorcas Creo que los indios prehispanicos y muchos de los actuale lo saben Por otro lado ligar el nombre de las flores a lo femenino, considerar un nombre que usa flor como un nombre de mujer es una caracteristica propia de nuestra cultura occidental y judeo cristiana No solo hombres dioses llevaban nombres de flor Un dios solar MacuilXochitl uno de las deidades mas importantes y menos comprendidas no solo es flor es cinco veces flor . Y Xochipilli la deidad de los psicodelicos alucinogenos según Furst y otros. Roberto Romero Gutierrez _________________________________________________________________ Revisá tus correos de Hotmail en tu celular - Clic Aquí http://www.messengerentucelu.com -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: -------------- next part -------------- _______________________________________________ Nahuatl mailing list Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl From mmccaffe at indiana.edu Fri Oct 16 20:01:38 2009 From: mmccaffe at indiana.edu (Michael McCafferty) Date: Fri, 16 Oct 2009 16:01:38 -0400 Subject: Princess name In-Reply-To: <20091016140340.OVFOP.655165.imail@fed1rmwml44> Message-ID: Mario: This is a good analysis of the etymology of the name, but it's not correct in terms of pronunciation. Please see my earlier posting. Best, Michael Quoting micc2 at cox.net: > I believe it would be: > > tekw-ich-poch-tzin > > tekw = lord/lday > > ichpoch(catl) = young unmarried woman > > tzin= diminutive/honorific/reverential ending > > > Mario > > > > ---- Irene Padilla wrote: >> Good Morning Listeros...Ive been reading the post. >> Can you give me the correct pronunciation of Tecuichpochtzin >> May you all have a blessed day! >> Thanks! >> ~Irene > > _______________________________________________ > Nahuatl mailing list > Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org > http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl > _______________________________________________ Nahuatl mailing list Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl From idiez at mac.com Thu Oct 22 03:20:22 2009 From: idiez at mac.com (John Sullivan, Ph.D.) Date: Wed, 21 Oct 2009 22:20:22 -0500 Subject: -oa vs -oa Message-ID: Piyali notequixpoyohuan, I understand that there are two -oa suffixes: 1. one makes an intransitive verb out of nouns, and means to use, apply or produce that noun. For example, "tlaxcaloa, ni", "to produce tortillas". 2. another makes causative transitive verbs out of intransitive ones ending in -ihui or -ahui. In turn, the root of this -ihui/-ahui verb may or may not be identifiable as a noun. There are many examples of the progression: ihcuilihui>ihcuiloa, alaxihui>alaxoa, etc. The question I have is relating to transitive verbs formed by adding the suffix -oa to a Spanish loanword: for example, "paxaloa, nic", "aporaroa, nic/nimo", "castigaroa, nic", etc. Obviously this -oa suffix is not the one that forms intransitive verbs from nouns. So if itʻs the causative suffix, we can assume that there is a missing or skipped over intermediate form between the original noun and the final causative form. In other words: a). apurar/aporar > "aporarihui, ni.", "to hurry" > "aporaroa, nic", "to cause s.o. to hurry" b). castigar > "castigarihui, ni", "to be punished" > "castigaroa, nic", "to punish s.o." Does this hold up to scrutiny? John John Sullivan, Ph.D. Professor of Nahua language and culture Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas Zacatecas Institute of Teaching and Research in Ethnology Tacuba 152, int. 43 Centro Histórico Zacatecas, Zac. 98000 Mexico Work: +52 (492) 925-3415 Fax: +1 (858) 724-3030 (U.S.A.) Home: +52 (492) 768-6048 Mobile: +52 1 (492) 103-0195 idiez at me.com www.macehualli.org -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: -------------- next part -------------- _______________________________________________ Nahuatl mailing list Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl From mwswanton at yahoo.com Thu Oct 22 15:42:37 2009 From: mwswanton at yahoo.com (Michael Swanton) Date: Thu, 22 Oct 2009 08:42:37 -0700 Subject: -oa vs -oa In-Reply-To: <72A8F379-1F98-45AE-AE9C-3C67D35FA27A@mac.com> Message-ID: What is the basis of the derivational cycle of –oa transitives derived from –Vwi intransitives? If I remember correctly that was historically the case, but what would be the basis for it in a synchronic description? I ask because the corresponding Spanish verbs use the middle voice for intransitive forms (pasarse, apurarse, castigarse…). It wouldn’t be surprising if such constructions were then calqued into Nahuatl. --- On Wed, 10/21/09, John Sullivan, Ph.D. wrote: From: John Sullivan, Ph.D. Subject: [Nahuat-l] -oa vs -oa To: nahuatl at lists.famsi.org Date: Wednesday, October 21, 2009, 11:20 PM Piyali notequixpoyohuan, I understand that there are two -oa suffixes: 1. one makes an intransitive verb out of nouns, and means to use, apply or produce that noun. For example, "tlaxcaloa, ni", "to produce tortillas".2. another makes causative transitive verbs out of intransitive ones ending in -ihui or -ahui. In turn, the root of this -ihui/-ahui verb may or may not be identifiable as a noun. There are many examples of the progression: ihcuilihui>ihcuiloa, alaxihui>alaxoa, etc. The question I have is relating to transitive verbs formed by adding the suffix -oa to a Spanish loanword: for example, "paxaloa, nic", "aporaroa, nic/nimo", "castigaroa, nic", etc. Obviously this -oa suffix is not the one that forms intransitive verbs from nouns. So if itʻs the causative suffix, we can assume that there is a missing or skipped over intermediate form between the original noun and the final causative form. In other words:a). apurar/aporar > "aporarihui, ni.", "to hurry" > "aporaroa, nic", "to cause s.o. to hurry"b). castigar > "castigarihui, ni", "to be punished" > "castigaroa, nic", "to punish s.o." Does this hold up to scrutiny?John John Sullivan, Ph.D.Professor of Nahua language and cultureUniversidad Autónoma de ZacatecasZacatecas Institute of Teaching and Research in EthnologyTacuba 152, int. 43Centro HistóricoZacatecas, Zac. 98000MexicoWork: +52 (492) 925-3415Fax: +1 (858) 724-3030 (U.S.A.)Home: +52 (492) 768-6048Mobile: +52 1 (492) 103-0195idiez at me.comwww.macehualli.org -----Inline Attachment Follows----- _______________________________________________ Nahuatl mailing list Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: -------------- next part -------------- _______________________________________________ Nahuatl mailing list Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl From idiez at me.com Fri Oct 23 03:58:05 2009 From: idiez at me.com (John Sullivan, Ph.D.) Date: Thu, 22 Oct 2009 22:58:05 -0500 Subject: cocoa huan icana Message-ID: Piyali notequixpoyohuan, Letʻs say that a few years ago, a distinguished gentleman in our field may have challenged me to find another verb that words like "cocoa". I assume he meant a verb that starts with a noun root, such as "cocotl", adds a verbing suffix, in this case an "-a" and produces a transitive verb. Letʻs also say that he may have promised to buy me a beer if I happened to find such a verb. First, I should say that there are two "cocoa". One is intransitive: "cocohtoc nometz", "my leg is injured". The other is transitive: "nechcocoa nometz", "my leg hurts", and "niccocoh nomah", "I hurt my hand". So there must be at least two "-a" verbing suffixes: one makes intransitive verbs and another makes transitive verbs. Now letʻs say that the gentleman in question saw me at a conference and wanted to avoid me because he didnʻt want to fork out the money to buy me the beer. What does he do? "Nechicana", "He walks around in back of me". This verb, "icana" is formed from the root "ican", which is also the root of the relational word that takes the form "icampa" in Classical Nahuatl. In Classical you would say, "nicampa", "behind me"; "micampa", "behind you"; etc. In Modern Huastecan Nahuatl you use the bare root and say, "noican", "behind me", "moican", "behind you"; etc. Anyway, the "-a" verbing suffix is added to that root, "ican" to form an transitive verb, "icana", nic", "to walk around in back of someone". So the only thing left to say to the gentleman in question is, "Axcanah xinechicana; xinechcohui ne chichic". John John Sullivan, Ph.D. Professor of Nahua language and culture Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas Zacatecas Institute of Teaching and Research in Ethnology Tacuba 152, int. 43 Centro Histórico Zacatecas, Zac. 98000 Mexico Work: +52 (492) 925-3415 Fax: +1 (858) 724-3030 (U.S.A.) Home: +52 (492) 768-6048 Mobile: +52 1 (492) 103-0195 idiez at me.com www.macehualli.org -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: -------------- next part -------------- _______________________________________________ Nahuatl mailing list Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl From lovegren at buffalo.edu Thu Oct 22 20:53:38 2009 From: lovegren at buffalo.edu (Jesse Lovegren) Date: Thu, 22 Oct 2009 16:53:38 -0400 Subject: Florentine Codex (Facsimile Edition) review In-Reply-To: <000c01ca4463$02121130$06363390$@net.mx> Message-ID: To corroborate intohuey Wright's story: My library agreed to purchase a set of the DVD's, and they are, as Dr. Wright has said, not professionally pressed and do not read in my laptop. The desktop in my office, however, can handle them. For those who get the DVD's you will want to transfer them to a hard drive for reliable access. It is good that there is now a digitized version of the 1979 facsimile edition, but I do not think that the publisher can feel much pride in offering this resource, whose presentation leaves much to be desired, at such a high price. On Sat, Oct 3, 2009 at 3:52 PM, David Wright wrote: > A few months ago I saw a post on Nahuatl about a new digital edition of the > Florentine Codex. I went to the website of the editors, the Bilingual > Review > | [sic] Press, Hispanic Research center, Arizona State University, where I > found this description: > > "The Florentine Codex, one of the richest surviving sources of information > on preconquest Aztec life, is now available in digital format! The > Transcendent Icon, Resplendent Quetzal project of the Arizona State > University Hispanic Research Center (HRC), in collaboration with Prof. Karl > A. Taube of the University of California, Riverside, is pleased to offer a > complete paleographic version of the codex, with full-color illustrations, > at little over cost to professionals in the discipline. The 8.5" x 11.5" > pages are in 300 dpi .TIF format, and each image is approximately 25 MB. > Smaller .JPGs (500 KB each) are included for faster browsing" > (http://www.asu.edu/brp/newandforthcoming/Florentine1.html). > > Excited by the latter description, I ordered the least expensive of the two > formats, a set of 16 DVDs, for $600 US (the alternative is to buy the files > on a hard drive for $800). The discs are in three plastic boxes with the > title "Florentine Codex (Facsimile Edition)." I was disappointed to find > that "paleographic version", in this case, does not mean a machine readable > transcription, as one might reasonably expect. All of the files on the 16 > discs are TIF images of individual pages of the manuscript (the JPG files > mentioned in the publicity are not present). These images were scanned from > the printed facsimile published by the Mexican government in 1979. On one > of > the blank pages at the beginning of volume 1 is Karl Taube's signature, > which would seem to indicate that Dr. Taube's "collaboration" consisted in > lending his copy of the 1979 edition for scanning. Nowhere in the publicity > on the forementioned web page, nor on the packaging, is it mentioned that > this "Facsimile Edition" is a digital copy of a printed facsimile, not of > the original codex. There is nothing in the digital files other than this > copy; new text and graphics appear only on the printed inserts slipped into > the sleeves on the plastic boxes and on the disc labels. > > I had a lot of technical problems trying to read the files on both my > desktop computer and a notebook. For some reason, on both machines the DVD > drives tended to freeze up and I had to reboot often to continue viewing > the > files, sometimes several times for a single file, a problem I've never had > with other digital editions. One of the discs spins noisily in the > notebook's drive, heats up and refuses to be read. This has happened before > with homemade discs with adhesive paper labels like the ones in this set, I > suspect because they are a bit thicker than discs with labels printed > directly on their backs. I sent a couple messages to the publishers by > e-mail, on August 24 and September 11th, seeking a solution for the > technical problems, but I haven't yet received a reply. > > > _______________________________________________ > Nahuatl mailing list > Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org > http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl > > -- Jesse Lovegren Department of Linguistics 645 Baldy Hall office +1 716 645 0136 cell +1 512 584 5468 -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: -------------- next part -------------- _______________________________________________ Nahuatl mailing list Nahuatl at lists.famsi.org http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl From campbel at indiana.edu Fri Oct 23 19:00:08 2009 From: campbel at indiana.edu (Campbell, R. Joe) Date: Fri, 23 Oct 2009 15:00:08 -0400 Subject: -oa vs -oa Message-ID: Quoting Michael Swanton : > > What is the basis of the derivational cycle of ?oa transitives > derived from ?Vwi > intransitives? If I remember correctly that was historically the > case, but what would be the basis for it in a synchronic description? > Michael ihuan occequi nocnihuan, I don't know much (if anything) about the historical development of Nahuatl. Some of the very little that I think I know is derived from working on the synchronic structure of the morphology. This is related to my assumption that some historical changes, for a time, leave evidence of themselves embedded in the synchronic structure of the language and in some cases later changes force the assumption that re-structuring takes place. Causative verbs in -oa are derivatonally related to intransitive verbs in -ihui and -ahui. I should make clear my ignorance of whatever historical factors resulted in this relationship, but none are necessary to establish the synchronic relationship. All we need are the formal regularity of verb pairs in -ihui/-ahui and -oa and the corresponding semantic regularity in their semantic relationships, and that does it. Here are some intransitive/causative verb pairs that I think any synchronic descriptive of "classical" Nahuatl needs to recognize: pehua it begins nicpehualtia I start it (-ltia) choloa he flees quichololtia she chases him (-ltia) quiza it emerges ticquixtia you extract it (-tia) ati(y)a it melts nicatilia I melt it (-lia) pozoni it boils nicpozonia I boil it (-a; preceding vowel does not elide) temi it fills up nictema I fill it up (-a; preceding vowel elides) nicocoya I get sick and onicocox I got sick quicocoa it makes him sick (-a; -ya deletes) Below is a list of -ihui and -ahui verbs that form their causatives by substituting -oa. Prefixes are indicated as either " =ni" or as " , ni-". Please pardon the irregularity. |8-) Iztayohmeh, Joe acalihui. it becomes grooved; it becomes furrowed. . b.10 f.6 p.100b| acaloa =nitla. acanalar madera o piedra. . 55m-00| ahuilihui =n. enuilecerse por los vicios; enuilecerse y apocarse por los vicios. . 55m-8| ahuiloa =nin. enuilecerse por los vicios; enuilecerse y apocarse por los vicios. . 55m-8| camilihui. amarillecerse la fruta que comienza a madurar; amarillecerse la fruta; que comienza a madurar; comenzar a madurar la fruta; s; pintar la fruta; sazonarse la fruta. . 55m-00| camiloa , tla-. it makes things brown. . b.11 f.11 p.108| chichilihui , ni-. I become chili-red. . b.11 f.23 p.239| chichiloa , nitla-. I color something red; I make something chili- red. . b.11 f.23 p.239| comolihui. hazerse barrancoso lo que era llano. . 71m2-4| comoloa =nitla=. hazer hoyo grande. . 71m2-20| conalihui. it becomes shiny. . b.10 f.6 p.101b| conaloaya , qui-. they shaved it. . b.2 f.5 p.100| cuechihui. it becomes pulverized; it is porous. . b.11 f.24 p.253| cuechoa , mo-. it is pulverized; it is chewed; it is ground. . b.11 f.23 p.244| cuechoa , nic-. I make it fine. . b.11 f.12 p.116| cuelihui =ni. entortarse o torcerse. . 71m2-5| cueloa =nitla. doblegar vara, o cosa semejante. . 71m2-5| cuetlaxihui =ni. amortecerse de tristeza; desfallecer; desmayar se; desmayarse. . 55m-00| cuetlaxoa =nino. desmayarse, o^amortecerse de tristeza. . 71m2-5| cuetlaxoa =nite=. desmayar a otro. . 71m2-5| huacalihui =ni. encogerse los nieruos; encogerse los neruios. . 55m-7| huacaloa , nic-. I make it concave. . b.11 f.12 p.115| huitolihui. it bends; it curves. . b.11 f.2 p.18| huitoloa , tla-. he forms something in a curve. . b.10 f.2 p.27| ihzolihui. enuegecerse la ropa o cosa assi. . 55m-8| ihzoloa , qu-. it ruins it. . b.6 f.6 p.69| ilacatzihui =n. torcerse alguna cosa assi como la punta de alesna o cosa semejante. . 71m2-6| ilacatzoa , tla-. she twists something. . b.10 f.2 p.36| ixcaxihui =n. entortarse. . 55m-8| ixcaxoa =nite. quebrar a otro el ojo. . 71m2-8| ixpetzihui , on-. it becomes shiny, it becomes smooth. . b.9 f.7 p.93| ixpetzoa =nitla. acecalar; acepillar; alisar madera; barnizar de otra manera (desta manera is barnizar con este barniz); bru¤ir papel; mantas o cosas semejantes. . 71m1-1| ixtlahpalihui. daring; he is daring; it becomes hardy. . b.11 f.5 p.39| ixtlahpaloa =nino. atreuersse o osar. . 55m-1| maxalihui. apartarse dos caminos enla encruzijada, o dos ramas del arbol, o dos rios o arroyos, o desatinar se y peruertirse alguno; diuidir se los rios; diuidirse los rios; [y lo mismo dizen de los caminos]. . 71m1-2| maxaloa , nic-. I depart from it. . b.11 f.26 p.267| maxaloa =nic. hazer traycion la muger al marido o el a ella; hazer traycion la muger a su marido; adulterando con otro; o el con otra. . 55m-11| maxelihui. esparzirse o desparramarse las ramas del arbol o de cosa semejante. . 71m2-9| maxeloa =nitla. apartar co^las manos gente yeruas ca¤as o cosa assi para passar por ellas; apartar con las manos la gente para passar entre ella; o apartar las yeruas y ca¤as o cosas semejantes; para hender por ellas. . 55m-1| nepanihui in totlahtol =ahmo. dissension. . 71m1-8| nepanoa , nic-. I join it. . b.11 f.26 p.267| ololihui. it becomes round. . b.10 f.6 p.99a| ololoa , c-. it makes it into a ball; it moves it; they pile it up; they ball it together. . b.11 f.10 p.93| pahzolihui. it becomes tangled; it becomes tousled; it becomes matted; they become matted. . b.10 f.6 p.111b| pahzoloa , tla-. he makes confusion, he mixes things up. . b.4 f.2 p.13| petzihui. bru¤irse. . 71m1-4| petzoa , tla-. he burnishes something; he polishes something. . b.10 f.2 p.28| piacihui. it becomes slender; it lies flat. . b.11 f.11 p.113| piazoa =nitla. mear alzando la orina. . 55m-13| tapalihui. roncha hazerse. . 55m-17| tapaloa , te-. it raises welts on someone. . b.11 f.9 p.89| tatacalihui =ni. dessollarse con golpe. . 71m1- 8| tatacaloa =nitla. cauar, hazer hoyos peque¤os. . 71m1-5| xelihui =ni. henderse por si mesmo. . 55m-11| xeloa =nitla. apartar ganado; rajar madera; partir o diuidir algo. . 55m-1| zalihui. pegarse vno con otro. . 71m1-17| zaloa , te-. he sets bones for people; she sets their bones. . b.10 f.2 p.30| zaloa , tla-. he glues things; he glues; he sews things together; it adheres; they adhere.