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Yes, I think too that the “metaphysical considerations” had obscured the
social reality about human sacrifice. I think that about this issue is
very appropriate the use of pike’s terms <i>emics</i> (the native
sources’ reasoning) and <i>etics </i>(the scholar’s conclusions), as in
many other cases.
<br>I am very interesting about <i>teteuctin</i> as <i>teteo</i>, or rulers
as gods. Can you specify your sources about the divine consideration of
rulers? Thank you
<br>
- Carlos Santamarina <carloss@ui.boe.es>
<p>"John F. Schwaller" ha escrito:
<blockquote TYPE=CITE>Date: Fri, 15 Feb 2002 09:22:05 -0700
<br>Subject: Re: ixtlahua/debt
<br>From: richard haly <Richard.Haly@colorado.edu>
<br>To: Frances Karttunen <karttu@nantucket.net>, <nahuat-l@mrs.umn.edu>
<p>I can likewise take issue with most representations of sacrifice as
<br>debt-payement to gods when concepts such as debt, payment, and gods
go
<br>unexamined. From my research, nextlahualiztli makes most sense as payment
to
<br>the rulers (likewise teotl). When people say that the Aztecs thought
the
<br>Spaniards were "gods" - teules- it makes them (the Aztecs) seem pretty
<br>credulous when we think of "gods" in any Judeo-Christian manner.
<br>Nonetheless, when one considers that they called their own rulers "gods"
and
<br>treated them as such - not looking in to the brightness of the face
of the
<br>emperor/sun - then any debt-payment to gods can be a debt-payment to
<br>rulers. All sacrifice phenomena - and all festival and pilgrimage phenomena
<br>as well - make much more sense when one tries to understand them in
this
<br>world and not in some metaphysical or "religious" way. (Religious is
in
<br>quotation marks because most people think religion is about "spiritual"
<br>stuff and not "material" stuff because that is what their own religions
have
<br>told them. That is not the case in a culture of embodied ancestors
-
<br>Mesoamerica, for one.) Sacrifice is much more like kula-exchange among
<br>Trobriand islanders. An explanation of sacrifice whose dynamics do
not rely
<br>on metaphysical language or a transcendent agent has a greater chance
of
<br>making real sense.
<p>Richard</blockquote>
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