<html><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; ">Magnus,<div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>That makes a lot of sense. Aside from this possibility, the only uses of the verb ca/ye in Huastecan Nahuatl is with <i>oncah</i>, "there is/are", the -ti- compound -t<i>icah/ticateh </i>(present progressive tense), and perhaps <i>cencah</i>, "the same, equal". </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Other words are used in place of the ca/ye:</div><div>1. iitztoc, "estar" for humans and animals.</div><div>2. eltoc, "está" plants and things.</div><div>3. eli, "ser" is used in the same way as ca/ye to join a subject and a noun/adj in any tense except the present: </div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>nitlamachtihquetl, "I'm a teacher"</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>nieliz nitlamachtihquetl, "I will be a teacher"</div><div><span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>nielqui nitlamachtihquet, "I was a teacher", etc., etc.,</div><div>John</div><div><br><div><div>On Feb 27, 2009, at 10:44 AM, magnus hansen wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type="cite"><div>Dear John Sullivan</div> <div> </div> <div>In Hueyapan nahuatl those same constructions exist except with the vowel /e/ instead of /a/. lt seems to come from ye, the suppletive form of cah. In this niyetok in this way is used as an equivalent of spanish "estoy". </div> <div> </div> <div>Magnus Pharao Hansen</div> <div><br>---------- Forwarded message ----------<br>From: "John Sullivan, Ph.D." <<a href="mailto:idiez@me.com">idiez@me.com</a>><br>To: <a href="mailto:nahuatl@lists.famsi.org">nahuatl@lists.famsi.org</a><br> Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2009 14:41:48 -0600<br>Subject: [Nahuat-l] a question about "yatoc", not about Aztec<br> </div> <div> <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="PADDING-LEFT: 1ex; MARGIN: 0px 0px 0px 0.8ex; BORDER-LEFT: #ccc 1px solid"> <div style="WORD-WRAP: break-word">Listeros, <div><span style="WHITE-SPACE: pre"></span>Here at the institute we have two interesting words.<br> </div> <div>1. <i>niyatoc</i>, "I am seated"</div> <div>2. <i>nicuatochyatoc</i>, "I'm in a squatting position".</div> <div><span style="WHITE-SPACE: pre"></span>It is not <i>yahtoc</i>, and therefore the root is not <i>yauh</i>, "to go" (but see below). And I don't know if <i>cuatochyatoc</i> is </div> <div><span style="WHITE-SPACE: pre"></span><i>cuatoch(in)</i> + <i>yatoc</i> or </div> <div><span style="WHITE-SPACE: pre"></span><i>cuatochya</i> + [<i>t</i><i>(i) + o + c</i>]<br> </div> <div>The second option perhaps suggest that the imperfect tense <i>ya</i> morpheme and perhaps the inceptive -<i>ya</i> verbalizer and perhaps the particle <i>ya</i>, "already" have a verbal origin. Yes, certain forms of "to go" have a long vowel (the above <i>yatoc</i> does not), but that could be because of the postulated older form of the class 4, <i>yata, </i>which upon losing the -<i>ta</i> lengthened the preceding <i>a</i>.</div> <div><span style="WHITE-SPACE: pre"></span>So.......... any ideas?<br> </div> <div>John</div><br> <div><span style="WORD-SPACING: 0px; FONT: 12px Helvetica; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: separate"> <div style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"><span style="WORD-SPACING: 0px; FONT: 12px Helvetica; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: separate"> <div style="WORD-WRAP: break-word"><span style="WORD-SPACING: 0px; FONT: 12px Helvetica; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: separate"><span style="WORD-SPACING: 0px; FONT: 12px Helvetica; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: separate"><span style="WORD-SPACING: 0px; FONT: 12px Helvetica; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: separate"><span style="WORD-SPACING: 0px; FONT: 12px Helvetica; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: separate"><span style="WORD-SPACING: 0px; FONT: 12px Helvetica; TEXT-TRANSFORM: none; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); TEXT-INDENT: 0px; WHITE-SPACE: normal; LETTER-SPACING: normal; BORDER-COLLAPSE: separate"><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><font face="Helvetica" size="3">John Sullivan, Ph.D.</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><font face="Helvetica" size="3">Professor of Nahua language and culture</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><font face="Helvetica" size="3">Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><font face="Helvetica" size="3">Zacatecas Institute of Teaching and Research in Ethnology</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><font face="Helvetica" size="3">Tacuba 152, int. 47</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><font face="Helvetica" size="3">Centro Histórico</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><font face="Helvetica" size="3">Zacatecas, Zac. 98000</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><font face="Helvetica" size="3">Mexico</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><font face="Helvetica" size="3">Work: +52 (492) 925-3415</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><font face="Helvetica" size="3">Home: +52 (492) 768-6048</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><font face="Helvetica" size="3">Mobile: +52 (492) 103-0195</font></div><div style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><font face="Helvetica" size="3"><a onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)" href="mailto:idiez@mac.com" target="_blank">idiez@mac.com</a></font></div></span></span><span><a onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)" href="http://www.macehualli.org/" target="_blank">www.macehualli.org</a></span><br> </span></span></span></div></span></div></span></div><br> </div><br>_______________________________________________<br>Nahuatl mailing list<br><a onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)" href="mailto:Nahuatl@lists.famsi.org">Nahuatl@lists.famsi.org</a><br> <a onclick="return top.js.OpenExtLink(window,event,this)" href="http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl" target="_blank">http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl</a><br><br></blockquote></div><br> _______________________________________________<br>Nahuatl mailing list<br><a href="mailto:Nahuatl@lists.famsi.org">Nahuatl@lists.famsi.org</a><br>http://www.famsi.org/mailman/listinfo/nahuatl<br></blockquote></div><br></div></body></html>