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<p>In Memory of Tanya Reinhart<br>
<br>
By NOAM CHOMSKY<br>
<br>
Editors' note: We have lost an outstanding intellect and one of the<br>
bravest voices from Israel with the death of Tanya Reinhart. Last<br>
October, on this site, we published Eric Hazan's interview with Tanya<br>
Reinhart on the occasion of the publication of her latest book,<br>
Roadmap to Nowhere. In conclusion Haas asked her,<br>
<br>
Despite the grim events described in the book, the overall feeling<br>
that comes through is that of hope. Why?<br>
<br>
Reinhart: "I argue that the reason that the U.S. exerted even limited<br>
pressure on Israel, for the first time in recent history, was because<br>
at that moment in history it was no longer possible to ignore world<br>
discontent over its policy of blind support of Israel. This shows that<br>
persistent struggle can have an effect, and can lead governments to<br>
act. Such struggle begins with the Palestinian people, who have<br>
withstood years of brutal oppression, and who, through their spirit of<br>
zumud--sticking to their land - and daily endurance, organizing and<br>
resistance, have managed to keep the Palestinian cause alive,<br>
something that not all oppressed nations have managed to do. It<br>
continues with international struggle--solidarit<wbr>y movements that send<br>
their people to the occupied territories and stand in vigils at home,<br>
professors signing boycott petitions, subjecting themselves to daily<br>
harassment, a few courageous journalists that insist on covering the<br>
truth, against the pressure of acquiescent media and pro-Israel<br>
lobbies. Often this struggle for justice seems futile. Nevertheless,<br>
it has penetrated global consciousness. It is this collective<br>
consciousness that eventually forced the U.S. to pressure Israel into<br>
some, albeit limited, concessions. . The Palestinian cause can be<br>
silenced for a while, as is happening now, but it will resurface."<br>
<br>
Tanya Reinhart was one of those whose determined voice and writings<br>
did just that: change global consciousness. AC / JSC<br>
<br>
It is painful, and hard, to write about the loss of an old and<br>
cherished friend. Tanya Reinhart was just that.<br>
<br>
Tanya was a brilliant and creative scientist. I can express my own<br>
evaluation of her work most concisely by recalling that years ago,<br>
when I was thinking about the future of my own department after my<br>
retirement, I tried to arrange to offer Tanya the invitation to be my<br>
eventual replacement, plans that did not work out, much to my regret,<br>
mostly for bureaucratic reasons.<br>
<br>
I will not try to review her remarkable contributions to virtually<br>
every major area of linguistic studies. Included among them are<br>
original and highly influential investigations of syntactic structure<br>
and operations, referential dependence, principles of lexical<br>
semantics and their implications for<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
syntactic organization, unified approaches to cross-linguistic<br>
semantic interpretation of complex structures that appear superficially<br>
to vary widely, the theory of stress and intonation, efficient parsing<br>
systems, the interaction of internal computations with thought and<br>
sensorimotor systems, optimal design as a core principle of language,<br>
and much else. Her academic work extended well beyond, to literary<br>
theory, mass media and propaganda, and other core elements of<br>
intellectual culture.<br>
<br>
But Tanya's outstanding professional work was only one part of her<br>
life, and of our long and intimate friendship. She was one of the most<br>
courageous and honorable defenders of human rights whom I have ever<br>
been privileged to meet. As all honest people should, she focused her<br>
attention and energy on the actions of her own state and society, for<br>
which she shared responsibility including the responsibility, which<br>
she never shirked, to expose crimes of state and to defend the victims<br>
of repression, violence, and conquest.<br>
<br>
Her numerous articles and books drew away the veil that concealed<br>
criminal and outrageous actions, and shone a searing light on the<br>
reality that was obscured, all of immense value to those who sought to<br>
understand and to react in a decent way. Her activism was not limited<br>
to words, important as these were. She was on the front line of direct<br>
resistance to intolerable actions, an organizer and a participant, a<br>
stance that one cannot respect too highly. She will be remembered not<br>
only as a resolute and honorable defender of the rights of<br>
Palestinians, but also as one of those who have struggled to defend<br>
the moral integrity of her own Israeli society, and its hope for decent<br>
survival.<br>
<br>
Tanya's passing is a terrible loss, not only to her family and those<br>
fortunate enough to come to know her personally, and to those she<br>
defended and protected with such dedication and courage, but to<br>
everyone concerned with freedom, justice, and an honorable peace.<br>
<br>
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