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<p>Colloque International sur les Universaux prosodiques/ International<br>
Workshop on Prosodic Universals<br>
<br>
RAPPEL ET RESUMES<br>
============<wbr>=====<br>
<br>
Date: Mercredi, 15 octobre 2008 / Wednesday, 15 October 2008<br>
Lieu du colloque/Location: Paris, France<br>
Contact / Contact Person: Michela Russo<br>
Courriel / Meeting email: <a href="mailto:mrusso%40univ-paris8.fr">mrusso@univ-<wbr>paris8.fr</a><br>
Site WEB / Web site: <a href="http://www.umr7023.cnrs.fr/">http://www.umr7023.<wbr>cnrs.fr/</a><br>
Domaine linguistique / Linguistics field: Phonétique et Phonology /<br>
Phonetics and Phonology<br>
Présentation / Meeting description: Journée UNIVERSAUX PROSODIQUES<br>
“Confrontation sur l'état des recherches en modélisation du rythme et<br>
typologies rythmiques”<br>
<br>
Le colloque se tiendra à Pouchet C.N.R.S. (59 rue Pouchet 75017, Paris).<br>
Les conférenciers invités (confirmés) sont Carlos Gussenhoven, François<br>
Dell, Haike Jacobs, Frank Ramus, Fred Cummins, Petra Wagner et William<br>
John Barry.<br>
<br>
The Conference will take place at Pouchet C.N.R.S. (59 rue Pouchet 75017,<br>
Paris). The invited speakers (confirmed) are Carlos Gussenhoven, François<br>
Dell, Haike Jacobs, Frank Ramus, Fred Cummins, Petra Wagner and William<br>
John Barry.<br>
<br>
Organisateur / Organizer: Michela Russo - Université Paris 8 /UMR 7023,<br>
C.N.R.S. “Structures formelles du Langage” (SFL)<br>
<br>
Co-organisateurs / The organisation is in cooperation with: UMR 7023,<br>
C.N.R.S. “Structures formelles du Langage” - Sophie Wauquier et<br>
Laboratoire de Phonétique et Phonologie UMR 7018, CNRS/Sorbonne-<wbr>Nouvelle -<br>
Annie Rialland<br>
<br>
Journée organisée avec le soutien du / The workshop is supported by the<br>
“Programme Pluri-Formation Fédération (PPF) Typologie et universaux<br>
linguistiques” <a href="http://recherche.univ-paris3.fr/2R1-S1-PPF-typologie.php.">http://recherche.<wbr>univ-paris3.<wbr>fr/2R1-S1-<wbr>PPF-typologie.<wbr>php.</a><br>
Directeur de l’unité / Unit Director: Stéphane Robert<br>
<br>
La langue du colloque sera le français ou l'anglais au choix des<br>
participants. The conference language will be French or English.<br>
<br>
Temps de présentation / presentations: Les présentations des intervenants<br>
seront de 45 minutes plus 10 minutes de discussion/ The presentation at<br>
the workshop will be 45 minutes long plus 10 minutes for discussion<br>
<br>
Lieu où se déroulera la Journée / The conference will be held at the<br>
Pouchet C.N.R.S.: Pouchet C.N.R.S. - 59 rue Pouchet 75017, Paris<br>
<br>
Programme officiel/ Official Program<br>
<br>
9.30 – 9.45 Ouverture du colloque / Opening – Michela Russo Université de<br>
Paris 8/UMR 7023 C.N.R.S.<br>
<br>
Présidente de séance / Chair Annie Rialland - UMR 7018,<br>
CNRS/Sorbonne-<wbr>Nouvelle<br>
<br>
9.45 – 10.30 Carlos Gussenhoven (University of Nijmegen) Asymmetries in<br>
the intonation of the Maastricht dialect of Limburgian<br>
<br>
10.45 – 11.15 Pause café / Coffee break<br>
<br>
11.15 – 12.00 François Dell (C.R.L.A.O École des Hautes Études en Sciences<br>
Sociales, Paris) Levels of representation for text-to-tune alignment in<br>
singing<br>
<br>
12.15 - 13.00 Haike Jacobs (University of Nijmegen) Quantity-insensitiv<wbr>e<br>
stress systems and OT-CC<br>
<br>
13.15 – 14.30 Pause déjeuner / Lunch<br>
<br>
Présidente de séance / Chair Sophie Wauquier - Université Paris 8/UMR 7023<br>
C.N.R.S.<br>
<br>
14.30 – 15.15 Frank Ramus (Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et<br>
Psycholinguistique – UMR 8554/ C.N.R.S., Paris) Acoustic correlates of<br>
linguistic rhythm: Perspectives<br>
<br>
15.30 – 16.15 Fred Cummins (University College Dublin) Entraining<br>
Movement: Taking Rhythm back to its roots<br>
<br>
16.15 – 16.45 Pause café / Coffee break<br>
<br>
16.45 – 17.30 Petra Wagner (Universität Bonn) Rhythmical variety across<br>
various languages and speaking styles<br>
<br>
17.45 – 18.30 William John Barry et Bistra Andreeva (Universität des<br>
Saarlandes) Perceiving rhythm. Is it language- or listener-dependent?<br>
<br>
Résumé / Abstracts<br>
<br>
Carlos Gussenhoven (University of Nijmegen)<br>
Asymmetries in the intonation of the Maastricht dialect of Limburgian<br>
<br>
The dialect of Maastricht has a binary tone contrast (Accent 1 vs Accent<br>
2) and four intonation contours. However, the full set of four is only<br>
observable in a nuclear syllable with Accent 1 which is antepenultimate<br>
or earlier in the intonational phrase. In penultimate postion, three<br>
intonation contours occur, and in final position two. For Accent 2, the<br>
count is three in penultimate position or earlier, and two in final<br>
position. Only two of the three intonation contours that occur in<br>
penultimate position for each of the two tone classes are the same, the<br>
third being a different one for each tone class from the remaining two<br>
intonation contours in the set of four. Styrikingly, H* L% is an<br>
interrogative contour for Accent 1 on non-final nuclear syllables, but a<br>
declarative contour on final nuclear syllables.<br>
It will be argued these asymmetries are explained by the assumptions that<br>
(a) underlyingly the language has the bitonal pitch accents L*H and H*L,<br>
(b) it has an optional right-hand boundary tone Hi or Li, creating three<br>
boundary conditions, (c) the lexical tone contrast is privative, Accent 2<br>
being a H-tone and Accent 1 nothing, (d) the language enforces the OCP,<br>
and (e) it enforces a limitation of two tones per syllable unless this<br>
would imply the deletion of a pitch accent, a lexical tone or a boundary<br>
tone. This grammar predicts all the gaps and all existing forms, with one<br>
exception: a predicted falling-rising contour on a penultimate nucleus<br>
with Accent 1 is unattested. It is argued that this form is in fact<br>
grammatical, but is avoided in order not to jeopardize the contrast<br>
between the two tones for the intonation contour concerned.<br>
<br>
François Dell (C.R.L.A.O École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, Paris)<br>
Levels of representation for text-to-tune alignment in singing<br>
<br>
Singing involves a correspondence between a text and a tune. A general<br>
framework for describing text-to-tune alignment in the world’s singing<br>
idioms has yet to be devised. In this presentation I take some steps<br>
towards such a framework, based on traditional French songs. I argue that<br>
the correspondence between texts and tunes cannot be a direct one. It must<br>
be mediated by a tree structure whose nodes do not correspond to<br>
linguistic constituents nor to musical groupings.<br>
<br>
Haike Jacobs (University of Nijmegen)<br>
Quantity-insensitiv<wbr>e stress systems and OT-CC<br>
<br>
OT with Candidate Chains (OT-CC, McCarthy 2007) is a recent proposal to<br>
deal with opacity in a fully parallel fashion. The basic difference with<br>
classic OT is that evaluation does not take into account every possible<br>
candidate, but evaluates only well-formed chains connecting a given input<br>
to an output. In this talk, I will argue that chain theory is<br>
independently required to correctly account for quantity-insensitiv<wbr>e<br>
stress systems.<br>
The pre-OT metrical theory of Hayes (1995) encoded the distinction<br>
between quantity-insensitiv<wbr>e and quantity-sensitive stress directly in<br>
the foot type: either insensitive (the syllabic trochee) or sensitive<br>
(the moraic trochee or the iamb). Within OT, that distinction is no<br>
longer directly expressed, but instead emerges as a result of the<br>
interaction of metrical constraints, such as FtBin, RhType, WSP, WBP and<br>
Parse-σ (Prince and Smolensky 1993[2004]). The architecture of OT<br>
predicts (Kager 1999:174-175) that “constraint re-rankings produce<br>
various degrees of quantity-sensitivit<wbr>y” and that<br>
quantity-(in)<wbr>sensitivity can no longer be thought of as a global property<br>
of languages. Estonian (Alber 1997) is such a case, where in words with a<br>
specific prosodic shape, quantity-sensitivit<wbr>y emerges in an otherwise<br>
rightward quantity-insensitiv<wbr>e stress system. In leftward<br>
quantity-insensitiv<wbr>e stress systems, emerging quantity-sensitivit<wbr>y is<br>
also predicted to be possible, but then leads incorrectly to the<br>
prediction that main stress switches from insensitive to sensitive<br>
dependent on the overall prosodic makeup of the word. I will show why<br>
classical OT solutions cannot deal adequately with the problem and that a<br>
straightforward solution is offered by OT-CC.<br>
<br>
Frank Ramus (Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique –<br>
UMR 8554/ C.N.R.S., Paris)<br>
Acoustic correlates of linguistic rhythm: Perspectives<br>
<br>
I will review past work on the acoustic correlates of speech rhythm, based<br>
on measures of the duration of vocalic and consonantal intervals, and<br>
discuss the difficulties faced by attempts to generalise this approach.<br>
Finally, I will review recent developments by various groups that seem<br>
particularly promising.<br>
Fred Cummins (University College Dublin)<br>
Entraining Movement: Taking Rhythm back to its roots<br>
<br>
The empirical study of speech rhythm has long been concerned with the<br>
analysis of the speech signal. Typically, the goal is to find some<br>
feature of the signal that will support a taxonomy of languages. This<br>
endeavour is very far removed from the everyday sense of the term<br>
"rhythm". I will try to work back towards a pre-theoretical understanding<br>
of rhythm. My starting point will be the strong claim that Rhythm is an<br>
Affordance for the Entrainment of Movement. To support this, I will<br>
explicate the notions of Affordance and Entrainment, and then provide<br>
examples of how these concept might apply to rhythm in speech.<br>
<br>
Petra Wagner (Universität Bonn)<br>
Rhythmical variety across various languages and speaking styles<br>
<br>
In the present study rhythm is regarded as a sequence of beats which are<br>
perceived as groups based on their prominence structure. Duration is<br>
identified as the main acoustic correlate of speech rhythm organization.<br>
It signals both beginnings and ends of rhythmic groups at different<br>
hierarchical levels of rhythmic organization. In order to illustrate<br>
relative durations across rhythmically salient beat transitions, e.g. at<br>
phrase boundaries or stresses, time-delay plots are introduced as a useful<br>
visualization method. The method reveals timing preferences for<br>
rhythmically different languages, speaking styles and is able to capture<br>
the influence of L1 on L2 rhythm.<br>
<br>
William John Barry et Bistra Andreeva (Universität des Saarlandes)<br>
Perceiving rhythm. Is it language- or listener-dependent?<br>
<br>
In a production study, Bulgarian, German and English verses with regular<br>
poetic metrical rhythms of different types and elicited prose utterances<br>
with varied accentual patterns are produced in textual and iterative<br>
('dada') form and measured at syllable level according to the pairwise<br>
variability index (PVI) principle. Systematic differences in PVI values<br>
show that the measure IS sensitive to metrical differences. But variations<br>
for utterances with the same metrical structure and comparable measures<br>
for accentually different utterances show the measure to be insensitive to<br>
the temporal distribution of prominences.<br>
A perceptual experiment with Bulgarian, German and English subjects<br>
confirms the hypothesis that the perceived strength of rhythmicity in a<br>
line of verse is determined not only by its temporal structure but also by<br>
other acoustic properties, most clearly by f0 change within the metrical<br>
foot. The relative perceptual importance of duration and the non-temporal<br>
parameters varies to some extent across languages, though durational<br>
contrasts generally dominate. A linguistic foundation for the differences<br>
is not apparent from these results.<br>
<br>
Informations pratiques / Practical Informations:<br>
Pouchet C.N.R.S.<br>
59 rue Pouchet 75017, Paris<br>
Salle des conférences: Hall du Bâtiment<br>
Métro ligne 13. Station Guy Moquet ou Brochant. Bus: ligne 66, arrêt La<br>
Jonquière. Bus ligne 31, arrêt Guy Môquet ou Brochant-Cardinet. RER ligne<br>
C, station Porte de Clichy, sortie rue de la Jonquière.<br>
<br>
La participation au colloque est libre de droits et gratuite / Free<br>
Registration.<br>
<br>
Pour plus de details concernant le colloque, voir / For more information<br>
on the workshop, see:<br>
<a href="http://www.umr7023.cnrs.fr/">http://www.umr7023.<wbr>cnrs.fr/</a><br>
<a href="http://lpp.univ-paris3.fr/">http://lpp.univ-<wbr>paris3.fr/</a><br>
<br>
Invited Speakers:<br>
<br>
Carlos Gussenhoven<br>
University of Nijmegen<br>
<a href="http://www.ru.nl/taalwetenschap/c.gussenhoven/">http://www.ru.<wbr>nl/taalwetenscha<wbr>p/c.gussenhoven/</a><br>
<br>
François Dell<br>
C.R.L.A.O École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, Paris<br>
<a href="http://crlao.ehess.fr/document.php?id=98">http://crlao.<wbr>ehess.fr/<wbr>document.<wbr>php?id=98</a><br>
<br>
Haike Jacobs<br>
University of Nijmegen<br>
<a href="http://www.ru.nl/languesromanes/contact/personnel/h_jacobs/">http://www.ru.<wbr>nl/languesromane<wbr>s/contact/<wbr>personnel/<wbr>h_jacobs/</a><br>
<br>
Frank Ramus<br>
Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique – UMR 8554/<br>
C.N.R.S., Paris<br>
<a href="http://www.lscp.net/persons/ramus/fr/index.html">http://www.lscp.<wbr>net/persons/<wbr>ramus/fr/<wbr>index.html</a><br>
<br>
Fred Cummins<br>
University College Dublin<br>
<a href="http://pworldrworld.com/fred/">http://pworldrworld<wbr>.com/fred/</a><br>
<br>
Petra Wagner<br>
Universität Bonn<br>
<a href="http://www.ikp.uni-bonn.de/~pwa/">http://www.ikp.<wbr>uni-bonn.<wbr>de/~pwa/</a><br>
<br>
William John Barry<br>
Universität des Saarlandes<br>
<a href="http://www.coli.uni-saarland.de/~wbarry/">http://www.coli.<wbr>uni-saarland.<wbr>de/~wbarry/</a><br>
<br>
Fiche signaletique:<br>
Intitulé:<br>
Journée Universaux Prosodiques “Confrontation sur l'état des recherches en<br>
modélisation du rythme et typologies rythmiques”<br>
<br>
Date:<br>
Mercredi 15 octobre 2008<br>
<br>
Lieu:<br>
Pouchet C.N.R.S.<br>
59 rue Pouchet 75017, Paris<br>
<br>
Responsable scientifique:<br>
Michela Russo<br>
<br>
Organisation:<br>
Université Paris 8 /UMR 7023, C.N.R.S. “Structures formelles du Langage”<br>
(SFL) - Laboratoire de Phonétique et Phonologie UMR 7018,<br>
CNRS/Sorbonne-<wbr>Nouvelle - Programme Pluri-Formation (PPF) Fédération<br>
Typologie et universaux linguistiques<br>
<br>
Contact:<br>
<a href="mailto:mrusso%40univ-paris8.fr">mrusso@univ-<wbr>paris8.fr</a><br>
<br>
-- <br>
<br>
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