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<p><tt>Thanks, Bryan. I appreciate your comments, and your good advice on the proper linguistic terms to use!</tt><br>
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<tt>Of course you are quite right to point out that the laminal /s/ is dependent upon the part of the tongue that approaches the alveolar ridge, not on what the tip is doing. You mention Dutch and Finnish as having laminal /s/. Is it just these two languages, or is this an areal phenomenon in northern Europe-- do you know? Also, you say that their laminal /s/ is "dark", like cross between /s/ and /s^/. I think in Omaha it's actually pretty sharp, and audibly very similar to English /s/. But that depends on exactly where against the roof of the mouth you put the top of the tongue. If what I seemed to work out with one speaker yesterday afternoon is correct, both /s/ and /s^/ are laminal in Omaha. I find a laminal /s^/ a little more awkward to produce than a laminal /s/, but it seems to work. If I am doing it right, it seems to be something like German ch in ich, but more forward, against the back of the alveolar ridge.</tt><br>
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<tt>The term "uvular" occurred to me after I sent the posting yesterday. It seems to me like the /g^/ is made in about the same location as the Parisian /r/, but mostly without the trill.</tt><br>
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<tt>So to make sure I've got the "gutterals" straight:</tt><br>
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<tt> laryngeal - Produced in the larynx, involving the vocal cords. Also "glottal"?</tt><br>
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<tt> pharyngeal - Produced by pressure between the root of the tongue and the top of the throat.</tt><br>
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<tt> uvular - Produced between the back of the tongue and tonsils? Uvula?</tt><br>
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<tt> velar - Produced a little further forward, between back of tongue and velum.</tt><br>
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<tt> palatal - Produced between the tongue and the hard palate.</tt><br>
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<tt>Is there a term for the /s^/ series? It's sort of front of palate, back of alveolar ridge. Alveolo-palatal?</tt><br>
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<tt>Thanks again,</tt><br>
<tt>Rory</tt><br>
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