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<div align="left"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">Dear Jimm,</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><br />
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">thank you very much for sending around this list with deictic motion verbs in
IOM. Most of the forms and meanings are quite familiar to me, because they have
obvious correspondences in Hocank. Taking Linda's systematic description of the
forms as a point of departure, it is easy to compare the deictic motion verbs
formally and semantically. The respective forms in Hocank are given in the table
below, which I adapted from Linda's dissertation (I hope you receive this table
uncorrupted). The forms behind the slashes are your IOM forms; (abbrev. DC =
deictic center, usually the speaker)</span></font></div>
<div align="left"></div>
<table width="614" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none">
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="142">
<div align="left"> </div>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="147" style="border-left:solid #010101 0px; border-right:solid #010101 1px; border-top:solid #010101 0px; border-bottom:solid #010101 0px">
<div align="left"> </div>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" width="297" bgcolor="#e6e6e6" style="border: solid #010101 1px;">
<div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12pt">phase of motion</span></font></div>
</td></tr>
</table>
<table border="1" width="614" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: none">
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="142" style="border-left:solid #010101 0px; border-right:solid #010101 0px; border-top:solid #010101 0px; border-bottom:solid #010101 1px">
<div align="left"> </div>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="147" style="border-left:solid #010101 0px; border-right:solid #010101 1px; border-top:solid #010101 0px; border-bottom:solid #010101 1px">
<div align="left"> </div>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" width="98" bgcolor="#e6e6e6" style="border: solid #010101 1px;">
<div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12pt">begin</span></font></div>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" width="98" bgcolor="#e6e6e6" style="border: solid #010101 1px;">
<div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12pt">be on the way</span></font></div>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" width="81" bgcolor="#e6e6e6" style="border: solid #010101 1px;">
<div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12pt">arrive</span></font></div>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="middle" width="141" bgcolor="#e6e6e6" style="border: solid #010101 1px;">
<div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12pt">-motion toward DC</span></font></div>
<div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12pt">[GO]</span></font></div>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" width="146" bgcolor="#e6e6e6" style="border: solid #010101 1px;">
<div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12pt">-motion towards base</span></font></div>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" width="98" style="border: solid #010101 1px;">
<div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12pt"><i>rée/re</i></span></font></div>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" width="98" style="border: solid #010101 1px;">
<div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#0000ff"><span style="font-size:12pt"><i>raahé</i></span></font></div>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" width="81" style="border: solid #010101 1px;">
<div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12pt"><i>hii/hi</i></span></font></div>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" valign="middle" width="146" bgcolor="#e6e6e6" style="border: solid #010101 1px;">
<div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12pt">+motion towards base</span></font></div>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" width="98" style="border: solid #010101 1px;">
<div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12pt"><i>keré/gre</i></span></font></div>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" width="98" style="border: solid #010101 1px;">
<div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#0000ff"><span style="font-size:12pt"><i>karahé</i></span></font></div>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" width="81" style="border: solid #010101 1px;">
<div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12pt"><i>gii/gi</i></span></font></div>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="middle" width="141" bgcolor="#e6e6e6" style="border: solid #010101 1px;">
<div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12pt">+motion toward DC</span></font></div>
<div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12pt">[COME]</span></font></div>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" width="146" bgcolor="#e6e6e6" style="border: solid #010101 1px;">
<div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12pt">-motion towards base</span></font></div>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" width="98" style="border: solid #010101 1px;">
<div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12pt"><i>húu/hu</i></span></font></div>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" width="98" style="border: solid #010101 1px;">
<div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12pt"><i>huuhé/huhe</i></span></font></div>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" width="81" style="border: solid #010101 1px;">
<div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12pt"><i>jíi/ji</i></span></font></div>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" valign="middle" width="146" bgcolor="#e6e6e6" style="border: solid #010101 1px;">
<div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12pt">+motion towards base</span></font></div>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" width="98" style="border: solid #010101 1px;">
<div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12pt"><i>gúu/gu</i></span></font></div>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" width="98" style="border: solid #010101 1px;">
<div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12pt"><i>guuhé/guhe</i></span></font></div>
</td>
<td align="center" valign="top" width="81" style="border: solid #010101 1px;">
<div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12pt"><i>kirí/gri</i></span></font></div>
</td></tr>
</table>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><br />
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><br />
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">Now, all forms in IOM have exact correspondences in Hocank except two of them,
the first one </span></font><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b> hire (go off; depart) </b></span></font><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">and </span></font><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>10.
gigre (go by; going away; be gone)</b>). There is a verb in Hocank
hiiré 'to go by', 'to go through', 'to go to', which seems to be the cognate of the first form in your list. I suspect it does not
belong to the list of deictic motion verbs. At least in Hocank, we do not count is as a deictic motion verb (but who
knows). The second IOM form gigre has no direct cognate in Hocank (we have no similar form in the dictionary), but it
looks to me like a composition of gi-gre and gre corresponds in Hocank to kere (see the table!). I suspect the IOM gi- is
related to ki-(REFL)/ or gi- (BEN) in Hocank, but I have no oppinion about this. </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><br />
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">Right now, Iren Hartmann (my research assistant) and myself are compiling a list of combinations of deictic motion
verbs with each other and with other verbs in order to find out somthing about the asymmetries in the usage (and
semantics, markedness, grammaticalization) of these forms in Hocank. </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt"><br />
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt">On the other hand the two forms I marked in blue in the table above are missing in IOM? These are
the 'being on the way' or 'progressive/ continuative' forms - certainly the marked forms (it is
obvious, that these forms are composed historically). Interesting, isn't it?</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt"><br />
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt">All the best,</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt">Johannes</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"><span style="font-size:12pt"><br />
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080"><span style="font-size:12pt"><br />
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><br />
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><br />
</span></font></div>
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</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">---------- Ursprüngliche Nachricht / Original message ----------</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">Datum: <b>Wed, 14 Feb 2007 14:55:35 -0600</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">Antwort an: <b>siouan@lists.colorado.edu</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">Von: <b><goodtracks@peoplepc.com></b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">An: <b><siouan@lists.colorado.edu></b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">Betreff: <b>Re: MOTION VERBS</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><br />
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><br />
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>Brian:</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>Thanks for your reply and that of Bob; and meanwhile, excuss that long time to reply.</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">If you refer to the chart we got from Linda, there were some languages that had more complete repertoires of motion
verbs than others. </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>I happen to be sitting next to Johannes as Linda made her presentation, so I was able to add on to the lOM lists
those that she left out.</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>For </b></span></font><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">Group A departed from "here". </span></font><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>(Follow
down on her list as she listed the terms), the corrections, additions
are:</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>1. hire (go off; depart)</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>2. re (go; be going; start going). Destination not mentioned.</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>3. hi (arrive there [going]).</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>4. gu (depart back; start back [to return here]).</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>5. guhe (be coming back; approach coming back).</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>6. gri (arrive back home; arrive back at the place one initiated the action of departing).</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><br />
</span></font><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">Group B departed from "there".</span></font><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><br />
</span></font><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>7. hu (start to come; be coming).</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>8. huhe (be coming; on way to there).</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>9. ji (arrive there at this place).</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>10. gigre (go by; going away; be gone).</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>11. gre (come back home; be coming back). </b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>12. gi (arrive going back there to that place)</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">You see those "combined" forms like hidhe in older texts. OP arrival verbs seem to be aspectually accomplishment
verbs (that is, they entail a bounded activity, a process with a definite termination point). Is it the same for other Siouan
languages?</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><br />
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>IOM is particularily rich in combined forms. I have not ever tried to list them. However, a quick glance at the
dictionary, we find:</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>Arrive going back; go on by = jigre.</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>Come here; draw near; approach=jihu.</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>Go to a certain place = iware.</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>Have gone home again = gre rustan.</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>Go having something; take = añi re.</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>Depart back with s.t.; bring= añi gu.</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>Come back home & sit down/</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>Return to one's seat = grinange.</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>Arrive having something = añi hi.</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>And so it goes. And I am fairly sure that the other Siouan languages have similar examples to offer.</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"> </span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>Now, when time permits, to see how it all comes out in the texts....when time permits.</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#800080" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>Jimm</b></span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"> </span></font></div>
<div align="left" style="margin-left:11mm; margin-right:0mm; text-indent:0mm; margin-top:0mm; margin-bottom:0mm;border-left: solid 1px #010101; "><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">----- Original Message ----- </span></font></div>
<div align="left" style="margin-left:11mm; margin-right:0mm; text-indent:0mm; margin-top:0mm; margin-bottom:0mm;background: #e4e4e4; border-left: solid 1px #010101; "><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>From:</b> </span></font><a title=linguista@gmail.com href="mailto:linguista@gmail.com"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
style="font-size:10pt">Bryan Gordon</span></font></a><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"> </span></font></div>
<div align="left" style="margin-left:11mm; margin-right:0mm; text-indent:0mm; margin-top:0mm; margin-bottom:0mm;border-left: solid 1px #010101; "><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>To:</b> </span></font><a title=siouan@lists.colorado.edu href="mailto:siouan@lists.colorado.edu"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span
style="font-size:10pt">siouan@lists.colorado.edu</span></font></a><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"> </span></font></div>
<div align="left" style="margin-left:11mm; margin-right:0mm; text-indent:0mm; margin-top:0mm; margin-bottom:0mm;border-left: solid 1px #010101; "><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>Sent:</b> Friday, February 09, 2007 5:33 PM</span></font></div>
<div align="left" style="margin-left:11mm; margin-right:0mm; text-indent:0mm; margin-top:0mm; margin-bottom:0mm;border-left: solid 1px #010101; "><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><b>Subject:</b> Fwd: Any reference terms for frozen hide?</span></font></div>
<div align="left" style="margin-left:11mm; margin-right:0mm; text-indent:0mm; margin-top:0mm; margin-bottom:0mm;border-left: solid 1px #010101; "><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><br />
</span></font></div>
<div align="left" style="margin-left:11mm; margin-right:0mm; text-indent:0mm; margin-top:0mm; margin-bottom:0mm;border-left: solid 1px #010101; "><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><br />
</span></font><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">Howdy Jimm!<br />
<br />
It's not a given that the motion verb template functions the same across
all the languages, BUT I think it's a really nice working hypothesis that
it does work the same or almost the same, and we can all test it in our
respective languages to see how much the same it does work. <br />
<br />
If you refer to the chart we got from Linda, there were some languages that
had more complete repertoires of motion verbs than others. </span></font></div>
<div align="left" style="margin-left:11mm; margin-right:0mm; text-indent:0mm; margin-top:0mm; margin-bottom:0mm;border-left: solid 1px #010101; "><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">For instance, I remember that most of the languages collapsed the verbs of
departure and motion-in-progress together, and distinguished them from
verbs of arrival. But there were some that had three separate categories
for these. Also, I remember that the verbs of departure, for some reason,
seemed to be composed of the other two categories in most cases. <br />
<br />
Omaha-Ponca seems in a more archaic form to have distinguished all three,
but in its modern form only to distinguish the two. You see those
"combined" forms like hidhe in older texts.<br />
<br />
Another note: OP arrival verbs seem to be aspectually accomplishment verbs
(that is, they entail a bounded activity, a process with a definite
termination point). This is very different from English arrival verbs,
which are aspectually achievement verbs (that is, they entail just the
termination point, not the process that precedes it). Is it the same for
other Siouan languages? <br />
<br />
By way of explanation, in English, we would say, "After work I went home
and ate," while in OP we would say "After work I arrived back there at home
and ate." You only use the OP motion verb "go back there" when the motion
is in progress or has just begun, and you only use the English arrival verb
when you're not interested in the motion part. <br />
<br />
- Bryan<br />
<br />
</span></font></div>
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</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">--</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Courier New" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"><br />
</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">Prof. Dr. Johannes Helmbrecht</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">Professur für Allgemeine und Vergleichende Sprachwissenschaft</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">Universität Regensburg</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">Institut für Medien-, Informations-, und Kulturwissenschaft (IMIK)</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">Universitätsstr. 31<br />
93053 Regensburg</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt">Deutschland<br />
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Tel: ++49(0)941 943-3388</span></font></div>
<div align="left"><font face="Times New Roman" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"> ++49(0)941 943-3387 (Sekretariat)<br />
Fax: ++49(0)941 943-2429<br />
E-Mail:</span></font><font face="Times New Roman" color="#0000ff" size="2"><span style="font-size:10pt"> <u>johannes.helmbrecht@sprachlit.uni-regensburg.de</u></span></font></div>
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