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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-ansi-language: EN-US">I think it should
be noted here that the meaning of the prefix ki- is not "to become" but "to
return to the original state". Notice kini 'to come back to life', not 'to
become alive'. The prefix is used with this meaning throughout the text corpus.
Most of the words with ki- given in Buechel's dictionary originate in his
translation of the Bible History texts (for instance ki-sagye – 'to turn into a
cane' is used in the story about Moses) and are not attested by contemporary
speakers. <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-ansi-language: EN-US">It is true that
some younger speakers today use ki- with the meaning 'to become'</SPAN><SPAN
lang=LV style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-ansi-language: LV">, but its use
is semantically restricted, occurs for instance in </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-ansi-language: EN-US">kiwichas^</SPAN><SPAN
lang=LV style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-ansi-language: LV">a – 'to
become a man'. Deloria (in her grammar) defines </SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-ansi-language: EN-US">kiwichas^</SPAN><SPAN
lang=LV style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-ansi-language: LV">a as 'to
become a man again (like a human who in a tale had appeared in animal shape)'
and kiwiNyaN as 'to become a (respectable) woman again'<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=LV
style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-ansi-language: LV">In my experience and
fieldword data, the prefix is not productive. So I am a bit surprised by some of
the words in Regina's list. If the words come from eliciting rather than texts,
I would recoment caution and cross checking.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">> ki-ska 'to turn
white'<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">Deloria and a couple of my native informants
give "to fade (to return to an original white color)" See also Bushotter's
sentence: … oowa uN owapi tkha hechunpi chan echakchala kiska s'a – 'when they
painted (those things) with colors they often faded'<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">> ki-suta<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>'to get hard'<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">'to become hard again' as in mazasu
s^</SPAN><SPAN lang=LV style="mso-ansi-language: LV">loyiN na kisuta<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>'The bullets he melted became hard
again'</SPAN><o:p></o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">> ki-bleza<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>'to become
conscious'<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">'to become clear-minded or conscious again,
come to one's senses', this is often used for 'to sober
up'<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">> ki-was^tecaka ye!<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>'behave yourself!'<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">This is a dative. It means "Be nice to
him/her." Very common phrase.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">> ki-thamahecha<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>'to get skinny'<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">> ki-haNska<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>'to get tall'<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">> ki-ksapa<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>'he got smart'<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">> ki-luzahaN 'to get
fast'<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">> ki-'okhate<SPAN
style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </SPAN>'to become warm inside, like when
turning up the heat'<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><o:p> </o:p></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">These are all somewhat surprising to
me.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">Notice also, that for instance kini 'to come
back to life' is an active verb (1s wakini), but kibleza 'to conscious again' is
treated as a stative verb (1s: makibleze). This makes me wonder whether some of
the ki- words actually originate in dative, just as akisni – 'to recover from
smth, as a sickness (1s: amakisni)' or iyokiphi 'to be pleased with' 1s:
iyomakiphi). <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><?xml:namespace prefix = st1 ns =
"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" /><st1:City><st1:place><SPAN
lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">Regina</SPAN></st1:place></st1:City><SPAN
lang=EN-US style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">, what does your data say on
conjugating the verbs in your list?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><SPAN lang=EN-US
style="mso-ansi-language: EN-US">Jan</SPAN></P>
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