<html><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; "><div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; ">Questions. : </span></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#0C00FF" face="Georgia" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></span></font></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: -1; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0; "><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#000000">Emil Afraid-Of-Hawk text :</font></span></span></span></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#0C00FF" face="Georgia" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></span></font></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: -1; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(12, 0, 255); ">"Thabloka kin le etan optaye washte wan ichagapi okihi hecha yelo!"</span></span></span></span></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Georgia" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></span></font></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 12px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: -1; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0; ">I<span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: -1px; font-size: 16px; ">f it WERE a relative clause with <font class="Apple-style-span" color="#FF0000">Definite Antecedent</font>, mightn't one have expected '<font class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF">wan</font>' with antecedent '<font class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF">thabloka</font>' and a '<font class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF">KIN</font>' after '<font class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF">okihi</font>'? Like so :</span></span></span></span></div><div><font class="Apple-style-span" face="Georgia" size="5"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: 18px;"><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></span></font></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; ">"le thabloka <font class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF">WAN</font> etan optaye washte wan ichagapi okihi <font class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF">KIN</font> hecha yelo!"</span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 18px; ">[=Here is a bull, one of <font class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF">the</font> sort from which it is possible a fine herd may spring!]</span></div><div><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><div><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><div style="font-size: 15px; ">Perhaps an even more accurate translation of such a sentence as this may be :</div><div style="font-size: 15px; "><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><div style="font-size: 15px; ">"Here/this is <font class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF">THE</font> kind of bull from which it is possible that a fine herd may spring/be bred"</div><div style="font-size: 15px; "><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><div style="font-size: 15px; ">(Which is, incidentally, how I would wish to translate the E.AOH text)</div><div style="font-size: 15px; "><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><div style="font-size: 15px; "><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><div style="font-size: 15px; ">Whereas if it were a relative clause with <font class="Apple-style-span" color="#FF0000">I</font><font class="Apple-style-span" color="#FF0000">ndefinite Antecedent</font>, like so :</div><div style="font-size: 15px; "><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><div style="font-size: 15px; ">"le thabloka <font class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF">WAN</font> etan optaye wan ichagapi okihi <font class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF">CHA</font> hecha yelo."</div><div style="font-size: 15px; "><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><div style="font-size: 15px; ">[=This is <font class="Apple-style-span" color="#0000FF">A</font> variety of bull from which...(etc.)]<span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: -1; "></span></div><div style="font-size: 15px; "><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><div style="font-size: 15px; ">Would there be a subtle difference there in the Lakhota? Doesn't seem to be a great deal in the English, but I guess that would be beside the point here.</div><div style="font-size: 15px; "><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><div style="font-size: 15px; ">If okihi IS being used Personally, (rather than Impersonally, as I supposed), its complimentation of ichagapi would appear to be somewhat irregular, would it not?</div><div style="font-size: 15px; ">With this particular verb used personally, the two subjects,(principal & subordinate), would normally be one & the same [SS], & either agree "echo-pronominalization" (Pustet, Paper in Studies in Language, 24:1 137-170) or show only "higher predicate encoding" of the (principal verb) subject, no?</div><div style="font-size: 15px; ">Here in E.AOH's original, there appears to be "lower predicate encoding" without concord with higher predicate, very odd!</div><div style="font-size: 15px; ">Which is why I thought it may be impersonal here, or perhaps used adverbially/modally, in some way.</div><div style="font-size: 15px; ">I realize that okihi is classified as an [SS/OO] verb when the subordinate verb/lower predicate is transitive, but the [OO] part of parsing that does not seem applicable here.</div><div style="font-size: 15px; "><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></div><div style="font-size: 15px; ">Can anyone please clear up my confusion here?</div><div style="font-size: 15px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: -1;"><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></span></div><div style="font-size: 15px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: -1; ">Toksha akhe, mitakuyepi, </span></div><div style="font-size: 15px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: -1;"><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></span></div><div style="font-size: 15px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: -1; ">Clive.</span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: -1;"><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: -1;"><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: -1;"><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-text-stroke-width: -1;"><br class="webkit-block-placeholder"></span></div><br></body></html>