<div dir="ltr"><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr">Kees Versteegh, writing on /ḍ/ in the Encyclopedia of Arabic Language and Linguistics:<div><br></div><blockquote style="margin:0 0 0 40px;border:none;padding:0px"><div>
Sībawayhi (Kitāb II, 405.8-9) describes [ḍād]'s place of articulation as being "between the first part of the side of the tongue and the adjacent molars" (<i>min bayna ˀawwal ḥāfat al-lisān wa-mā yalīhi min al-ˀaḍrās</i>). The exact interpretation of this passage remains controversial. ... Cantineau (1960:55) is probably right in interpreting it as a lateral or lateralized velarized voiced interdental fricative ... IPA [ðˡ] .... This would make it, indeed, a unique sound among the world's languages (cf. Ladefoged and Maddieson 1966:154-56).</div>
</blockquote><div><br></div><div>Ha!</div><div><br></div><div>Of course I use [ðˡ] or [ɫð] all the time when I use IPA to represent Omaha and Ponca words. Unique indeed. If the CSG has a phonology section, this should definitely be in it.</div>
<div><br></div><div>Sībawayh's description is over 1200 years old, of course, so it is not true of most forms of Arabic today, although many Arabic loanwords in other languages have laterals where ḍād should be.<br clear="all">
<br>-- <br>***********************************************************<br>Bryan James Gordon, MA<br>Joint PhD Program in Linguistics and Anthropology<br>University of Arizona<br>***********************************************************</div>
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