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The expression prevalent among Dakota speakers in Canada for the
menses is <span
style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:
"Times New
Roman","serif";mso-ansi-language:EN-US">išna</span><span
style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family:
"Times New Roman","serif";">thi 'she
camps/dwells alone'. (</span><span
style="font-size:14.0pt;line-height:115%;font-family:
"Times New
Roman","serif";mso-ansi-language:EN-US">išna
'alone', thi 'dwell/camp 3sg').</span> Dakota-speaking women
would sometimes use the Dakota expression to me while conversing in
English. If they knew I was having my period, and I happened to
mention the moon, they might joke about that, but I never heard or
elicited any local Dakota term for menstruation which included <small><big><b>wi</b></big>
<big>'moon</big></small><big>'</big>. <br>
<br>
I hope I have put no one to the blush.<br>
<br>
Mary <br>
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On 23/08/2011 11:02 AM, Greer, Jill wrote:
<blockquote
cite="mid:%20%3CC5478BD9FFD46A4296C7B2B4EAA3F1C403B1F935@SN2PRD0402MB103.namprd04.prod.outlook.com"
type="cite">
<pre wrap="">I can't contribute much either, except the obvious biological association between the length of the lunar cycle and the length of the human female's menstrual cycle (28 days for each), not unique to Siouan culture, of course. Isn't there also a euphemism to refer to the menstrual period that refers to the moon, or am I thinking of another tribe here? (Readers familiar with Ishi of northern California might recall the taboo on moonlight touching a man's face during sleep, along with associations of women's reproductive powers as spiritually dangerous to others, and a connection to the moon.
Basso similarly notes Western Apache speakers as saying "My grandmother is visiting" if a woman had to inform her husband why she could not sleep with him at that time, referencing Grandmother Moon.
Mary CrowDog talks about "moon/woman" power in her autobiographical book for Lakhota culture in the 20th century. More info is probably out there. Anyone care to break with our own cultural delicacy and broach the subject?
Jill
Jill D. Greer
Department of Social Science
MSSU
Joplin, MO 65801
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:Greer-j@mssu.edu">Greer-j@mssu.edu</a>
-----Original Message-----
From: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:owner-siouan@lists.Colorado.EDU">owner-siouan@lists.Colorado.EDU</a> [<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="mailto:owner-siouan@lists.Colorado.EDU">mailto:owner-siouan@lists.Colorado.EDU</a>] On Behalf Of Rankin, Robert L
Sent: Monday, August 22, 2011 5:05 PM
To: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:siouan@lists.Colorado.EDU">siouan@lists.Colorado.EDU</a>
Subject: RE: Omaha and Lakota Words
I can't contribute much to this discussion, but there are a couple of things that can be said.
1. wiN is the first syllable of the common Siouan term for 'woman'. wiN and min ~ mi are cognates.
2. wiN (miN ~ mi) is also the reconstructible term for 'orb' and is the basis for the terms for both 'sun' and 'moon'. Dakotan wi is very irregular. The word has nasalization in every other Siouan language for which nasality is phonemic. Dakotan 'star', wichaxpe is similarly irregular; cf. Kansa mikkak?e.
3. The Kansa term is miixoge. 'Badger' is xoNga, so that is quite different.
4. The Common Siouan 'potential, irrealis', kte, has its source in the Proto-Siouan word for 'to want'. It retains that meaning in Biloxi, Crow and some other languages. 'Want' is grammaticalized as a future tense or potential mode marker in many languages including English, Greek and many Balkan languages, so there's nothing strange here.
5. I have no idea whether these terms refer to femininity, the moon, etc. or whether the entire explanation might be folk etymology. Someone more familiar with the cultures may be better at explaining these things than a hard core linguist.
Bob
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From: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:owner-siouan@lists.Colorado.EDU">owner-siouan@lists.Colorado.EDU</a> [<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:owner-siouan@lists.Colorado.EDU">owner-siouan@lists.Colorado.EDU</a>] on behalf of ROOD DAVID S [<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:David.Rood@Colorado.EDU">David.Rood@Colorado.EDU</a>]
Sent: Monday, August 22, 2011 12:48 PM
To: <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:siouan@lists.Colorado.EDU">siouan@lists.Colorado.EDU</a>
Subject: Re: Omaha and Lakota Words
Scott, I have never thought about trying to do an etymology of winkte, but Mark has given me some ideas. WiN is indeed a very common morpheme for 'woman', used as the final element in almost all women's names, for example. Mark's guess at xti is wrong, however -- that would be xci or xce in Lakota. kte is the irrealis mode marker, usually glossed future tense in English, so the meaning could be something like 'will be a woman'
or 'might be a woman'.
I wonder if wiN and Omaha mi are cognate, despite the difference in meaning. Lakota 'moon' is wi, without nasalization.
David
David S. Rood
Dept. of Linguistics
Univ. of Colorado
295 UCB
Boulder, CO 80309-0295
USA
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:rood@colorado.edu">rood@colorado.edu</a>
On Mon, 22 Aug 2011, Mark J Awakuni-Swetland wrote:
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<pre wrap="">Aloha Scott,
We have generally glossed miqu'ga as:
mi-moon
qu'ga- marked
Qu'ga is also the Omaha name for badger, distinguished by the clear "mark"
on its face.
So, "marked by the moon", referring to the feminine/female qualities
of that celestial being in Omaha cosmology.
I would hazard a stab at winxti from an Omaha perspectiv as:
win-feminine
xti-very, really
Or, "very female".
Mark
Mark Awakuni-Swetland, Ph.D.
Associate Professor of Anthropology & Ethnic Studies Native American
Studies Program Liaison University of Nebraska Department of
Anthropology
841 Oldfather Hall
Lincoln, NE 68588-0368
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://omahalanguage.unl.edu">http://omahalanguage.unl.edu</a>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://omahaponca.unl.edu">http://omahaponca.unl.edu</a>
Phone 402-472-3455
FAX: 402-472-9642
Scott Collins <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:saponi360@yahoo.com"><saponi360@yahoo.com></a>
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08/21/11 06:34 PM
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Subject
Omaha and Lakota Words
I was wondering if anyone may have a breakdown of the word mexoga in
Omaha and the word winkte in Lakota; i.e such as root words and
literal meanings?
Scott P. Collins
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