<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" ><tr><td valign="top" style="font: inherit;"><DIV>Any thoughts on this line of reasonings and questions for the Saponi name origins and meanings?<BR></DIV>
<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 10pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT size=3><FONT face=Calibri><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN" lang=EN>There is also discussion on the Tutelo word sa:p which Oliverio has on pg.271 meaning flat, level or shallow. sa:p oni: flat/shallow/level/ tree.</SPAN><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV></SPAN></SPAN>
<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 10pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT size=3><FONT face=Calibri><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN" lang=EN>It was pionted out to me though it is the wrong word order. Properly put together it would be oni: sa:p for shallow tree. So guess that wasn't it.</SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV></SPAN></SPAN>
<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 10pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT size=3><FONT face=Calibri><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN" lang=EN>Does Saponi mean "Red Earth People"? Acu:ti = Red</SPAN><BR id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147101064554}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:1]><SPAN id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147101064554}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:2]>Amą: = Earth</SPAN><BR id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147101064554}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:3]><SPAN id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147101064554}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:4]>Yesą = People (alternate for people is Relative – Hadaq, Nedewahe.per Meuse pg. 73; hatak = cousin per Oliverio pg. 191)</SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV></SPAN></SPAN>
<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 10pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT size=3><FONT face=Calibri><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN" lang=EN>Monasukapanough</SPAN><BR id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:1]><SPAN id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:2]>“But the horses were directed to a ford about a mile higher, called by the Indians Moni-seep, which signifies, in their jargon, shallow-water.”--- William Byrd (1728)</SPAN><BR id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:3]><SPAN id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:4]>Sa:p = Shallow (Oliverio pg.329)</SPAN><BR
id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:5]><SPAN id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:6]>Mani: = Water</SPAN><BR id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:7]><SPAN id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:8]>Mani: sa:p (water shallow) {Moni-seep of William Byrd}</SPAN><BR id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:9]><SPAN id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:10]>If it is the other way round Sa:p mani: then it’s a possible; but I tried that with
oni: sa:p (tree shallow) but forgot the order and made it sa:p oni: . Is the answer somewhere among the various spellings of Saponi such as:</SPAN><BR id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:11]><SPAN id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:12]>Paanese (for Sa-paahese).-Albany treaty (1789) in Hale, N. W. States, 1849, p. 70. Saps.-Lawson (1714), History of Carolina, 1860, p. 89.</SPAN><BR id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:13]><SPAN id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:14]>Sapan.-Lederer, Discoveries, 1672, map.</SPAN><BR
id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:15]><SPAN id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:16]>Sapon.-Ibid., p. 2.</SPAN><BR id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:17]><SPAN id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:18]>Saponas.-Lawson, op. cit., p. 83.</SPAN><BR id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:19]><SPAN id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:20]>Sapones.-Drake, Book of the Indians, 1848, p. xii.</SPAN><BR
id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:21]><SPAN id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:22]>Sapongs.-Batts (1671) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., vol, iii, p. 194 (misprint, g for y).</SPAN><BR id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:23]><SPAN id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:24]>Saponeys.-Johnson (1763), ibid., vol. vii, p. 582.</SPAN><BR id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:25]><SPAN
id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:26]>Saponees.-Knight (1712) in N. C. Records, vol. i, p. 866. </SPAN><BR id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:27]><SPAN id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:28]>Saponi.-Byrd (1728), Hint. Dividing Line, vol. i, p. 75. </SPAN><BR id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:29]><SPAN id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:30]>Saponie.-Document of 1711 in N. C. Records, vol. i, p. 808.</SPAN><BR
id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:31]><SPAN id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:32]>Saponys.-Document of 1728 in Colonial Virginia State Papers, 1875, vol. i, p. 215. </SPAN><BR id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:33]><SPAN id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:34]>Sapoones.-Croghan (1765) in Monthly American Journal of Geology, 1831, p. 271. </SPAN><BR id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:35]><SPAN
id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:36]>Sapoonies.-Hutchins (1768) in Jefferson, Notes on Virginia, 1787, p. 169. </SPAN><BR id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:37]><SPAN id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:38]>Sappona.-Pollock (1712) in N. C. Records, vol. i, p. 884.</SPAN><BR id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:39]><SPAN id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:40]>Sapponces:-Albany Conference (1717) in N. Y. Documentary Colonial History, vol. v, p. 490 (misprint, c for e).</SPAN><BR
id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:41]><SPAN id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:42]>Sapponees.-N. C. Council (1727) in N. C. Records, vol. ii, p. 674. </SPAN><BR id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:43]><SPAN id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:44]>Sapponeys.-Document of 1709 in Colonial Virginia State Papers, 1875, vol. i, p. 131. </SPAN><BR id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:45]><SPAN
id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:46]>Sapponie.-N. C. Council (1726) in N. C. Records, vol. ii, p. 643.</SPAN><BR id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:47]><SPAN id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:48]>Sapponnee.-Albany Conference (1717) in N. Y. Doc. Col. Hist., vol. v., p. 490. </SPAN><BR id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:49]><SPAN id=.reactRoot[6210722].[2]{comment487920651287199_490147194397878}.[1:0].[4:0:1].[3:1].[4:0:1].[1:1].[1:0].[1:0:2].[2:0].[3:0:50]>Sappony.-N. C. Council (1727) in N. C. Records, vol. ii, p. 674.</SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV></SPAN></SPAN>
<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 10pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Calibri><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN" lang=EN>I've also seen Sapinney.</SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV></SPAN></SPAN>
<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 10pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Calibri><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN" lang=EN>Paanese (for Sa-paahese), what would the aahese be?</SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV></SPAN></SPAN>
<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 10pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Calibri><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN" lang=EN>Although Swanton states that Paanese is not connected to the word Pawnee, Pani and Panis is a direct corruption of Pawnee as shown in Robert W. Venable’s explanation concerning the Indian slave trade and the accompanying trade jargon. ---“American Indian History: Five Centuries of Conflict and Coexistence”, Vol. I Conquest of a Continent, 1492 – 1783, by Robert W. Venables Pg.206</SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV></SPAN></SPAN>
<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 10pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Calibri><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN" lang=EN>"...in which it is stated that the "Paanese" (Sa-poonese)..."---Hale also found in Hall, James (?). Early History of the Northwestern States, p. 70. Buffalo and Auburn, 1849.</SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV></SPAN></SPAN>
<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 10pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Calibri><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN" lang=EN>Would that be Sa:p oni:-se? If the word order is wrong is it possible that there is something being missed in certain instances regarding compound nouns that is different under certain situations in Saponi than for other Siouan languages? Or is it more probable that by the time Hale went to record these things that the informants had already taken on Iroquois language rules? I don't know what the language rules are for Iroquois/Cayuga/Seneca.</SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV></SPAN></SPAN>
<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 10pt" class=MsoNormal><FONT size=3><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN" lang=EN><FONT face=Calibri>Sapan (pronounced [</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN" lang=EN>ˈ</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri" lang=EN><FONT face=Calibri>sa</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN" lang=EN>ː</SPAN><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri" lang=EN><FONT face=Calibri>p</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: 'Arial','sans-serif'; COLOR: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN" lang=EN>ːʌ</SPAN><FONT face=Calibri><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN" lang=EN>n]),[13] cornmeal mush,
a staple of Lenape cuisine; "sapàn". Lenape Talking Dictionary. Retrieved June 26, 2011</SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></FONT></DIV></SPAN></SPAN>
<P style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 10pt" class=MsoNormal><SPAN style="COLOR: #333333; mso-ansi-language: EN" lang=EN><FONT size=3 face=Calibri>Interestingly the word in Algonquin for boiled Indian meal is Supawn or Sa-pon and translates into “softened by water”. See, “Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico”, by Frederick Webb Hodge Pg.652.</FONT></SPAN><o:p></o:p></SPAN></DIV></SPAN></SPAN>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<DIV><BR>Scott P. Collins<BR>----------------------------------------------------------------------<BR>WE ARE THE ONES WE HAVE BEEN WAITING FOR<BR><BR>Evil Is An Outer Manifestation Of An Inner Struggle<BR><BR>“Men and women become accomplices to those evils they fail to oppose.”<BR><BR>"The greater the denial the greater the awakening."</DIV></td></tr></table>