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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple><div class=WordSection1><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Yea, I saw the "act, deed, custom" from the online Omaha-Ponca dictionary at unl.edu but that doesn't seem to fit. The whole idea of custom and that sort of thing has me on our usual term of "wosgą" which isn't what I'm after. I'm going to show two terms that mean roughly the same thing (according to Dorsey) but the second one has the extra term that I'm after:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>i-pra-shku-nye - not to be satisfied with what he has; to desire more<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>i-pra-shku-nye-thke wo-khu - to desire more<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>So we have "to desire more" expressed twice but I'm trying to figure out what is going on with the extra stuff in the second one. The entry I asked about earlier came from when I tried to look up "wo-khu" in Dorsey's information where he gave the nasal, accent, etc. So if we have the "ibra skunyi" talking about not being satisfied or desiring more, then the extra -thge would suggest "like/alike/so/be like/be so/in like manner/equal/somewhat/not very/thus/a little" (that's a lot, I know but as of now that is the whole of my contexts for that term (full term "ithge")). Up to that point I'm sort of ok but I'm not understanding what is going on with the "wo-khu" after that. Could we actually be talking about "wosgą" somehow here in the way of custom/habits and this is a term that describes something like "not satisfied - in that way - habitually" (he always wants more/he is never satisfied)? Only problem is I've never seen a "wo-khu" form of "wosgą" before but I guess it is possible considering other "s" to "th" to "x" shifts that I've seen but I am a bit skeptical.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Sky Campbell<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Language Director<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Otoe-Missouria Tribe<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>(580) 723-4466, ext. 111<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>sky@omtribe.org<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> Siouan Linguistics [mailto:SIOUAN@listserv.unl.edu] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Rory Larson<br><b>Sent:</b> Friday, October 03, 2014 10:08 AM<br><b>To:</b> SIOUAN@listserv.unl.edu<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: Looking for a Dhegiha (and also maybe Dakota) term<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'>In Omaha, úškaⁿ means ‘activity’ or type of work, as in <i>nú-uškaⁿ</i>, ‘men’s work or customs’, vs. <i>waɁú-uškaⁿ</i>, ‘women’s work or customs’. It would be about the same as in Kaw. Underlyingly, it is composed of three elements:<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'> wa- (a generalizing nominalizer in this case)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'> -o- (a locative prefix meaning something like ‘in’, that places the verb in environmental context)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'> -škaⁿ ‘move’, ‘stir’<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'>I don’t think this Dhegiha word is actually related to either the mystery word <i>wó-khŭⁿ</i> or the Dakota word <i>okhaⁿ</i>, though. The equivalent Dakota word is <i>óškaⁿ</i>, ‘motion’ or ‘movement’. Dakota <i>okháⁿ</i> can mean ‘room’, in the sense that there is room for something, or that it isn’t too crowded to fit somebody in. Omaha has the word <i>ukkóⁿ</i>, which I have down as meaning “space (an open space or place to put something)”, and which should be the equivalent of the Dakota word.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'>The problem here is the accent. Since it comes on the second syllable in the Omaha and Dakota forms, it means that there is no initial underlying wa- in those words. The mystery word with the leading w- and first-syllable accent presumably has a wa- there. If the base word is in fact the same as the Dakota and Omaha word “have room for”, I’m not sure what the wa- adds to it, or how it would be used in conjugated forms.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'>Actually though, the Dakota word doesn’t match the mystery word either, because it has /aⁿ/ where the mystery word has /uⁿ/. Omaha wouldn’t make the distinction, but Dakotan and I believe IOM do. So we should really be looking at a Dakotan word sounding like <i>okhúⁿ</i>, which I do find described cryptically for Teton with the single example of <i>okhúⁿ wašte</i>, ‘gentle’ or ‘mild’ as some kind of comparative element. Perhaps some of the Lakhota linguists could help out here.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'>Best,<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'>Rory<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'><p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> Siouan Linguistics [<a href="mailto:SIOUAN@listserv.unl.edu">mailto:SIOUAN@listserv.unl.edu</a>] <b>On Behalf Of </b>David Kaufman<br><b>Sent:</b> Friday, October 03, 2014 8:36 AM<br><b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:SIOUAN@LISTSERV.UNL.EDU">SIOUAN@LISTSERV.UNL.EDU</a><br><b>Subject:</b> Re: Looking for a Dhegiha (and also maybe Dakota) term<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>Sky,<o:p></o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Kaw óshkaN = act, deed, custom (Kaanze dictionary, 161)<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><div><p class=MsoNormal>Dave<o:p></o:p></p></div></div><div><p class=MsoNormal><br clear=all><o:p></o:p></p><div><div><div><p class=MsoNormal>David Kaufman, Ph.D.<o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal>Director, Kaw Nation Language Program<o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p><div><p class=MsoNormal>On Fri, Oct 3, 2014 at 8:01 AM, Campbell, Sky <<a href="mailto:sky@omtribe.org" target="_blank">sky@omtribe.org</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p><div><div><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>I am looking for a term that Dorsey has in his language slips which is:<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>wó-khŭⁿ<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>He conjugates this term but doesn't translate it. He lists the Dhegiha equivalent as:<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>ushkaⁿ<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>And the Dakota equivalent as:<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>okhaⁿ<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>I haven't had any luck finding information on any of these terms. Anyone have any ideas or can maybe point me in the right direction?<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><b><span style='font-size:18.0pt'>Sky Campbell</span></b><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>Language Director<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'>Otoe-Missouria Tribe<o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><a href="tel:%28580%29%20723-4466%2C%20ext.%20111" target="_blank">(580) 723-4466, ext. 111</a><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><a href="mailto:sky@omtribe.org" target="_blank">sky@omtribe.org</a><o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'> <o:p></o:p></p></div></div><p class=MsoNormal>-- Manage your subscription at <a href="http://listserv.unl.edu" target="_blank">http://listserv.unl.edu</a>. <a href="http://listserv.unl.edu" target="_blank">listserv.unl.edu</a> lists do not accept incoming email from Yahoo.com, AOL.com or Dropbox.com due to thier DMARC policies. <o:p></o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p></div><p class=MsoNormal>-- Manage your subscription at <a href="http://listserv.unl.edu" target="_blank">http://listserv.unl.edu</a>. listserv.unl.edu lists do not accept incoming email from Yahoo.com, AOL.com or Dropbox.com due to thier DMARC policies. <o:p></o:p></p><p class=MsoNormal>-- Manage your subscription at <a href="http://listserv.unl.edu" target="_blank">http://listserv.unl.edu</a>. listserv.unl.edu lists do not accept incoming email from Yahoo.com, AOL.com or Dropbox.com due to thier DMARC policies. <o:p></o:p></p></div></body></html>
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