<HTML><BODY style="word-wrap: break-word; -khtml-nbsp-mode: space; -khtml-line-break: after-white-space; "><DIV>I'm wondering if there have been any hypotheses about kinesthetic feedback rather than visual feedback in signed languages. </DIV><DIV>While I understand that for spoken language, theories focus on auditory feedback rather than production, the kinesthetic aspects of signed language production are much more salient than in spoken language production. </DIV><DIV>For example, when native speakers are asked to make grammatical judgments for spoken language, they will speak the sentence to themselves, and then often answer, "nope, it doesn't sound right." Native signers making these judgments sign a sentence to themselves and respond with "it doesn't feel right," not that it doesn't look right, when judging their own signing.</DIV><DIV>Also, when interpreting and monitoring my work, I monitor my spoken language production auditorily, but I monitor my signed language work kinesthetically, not visually.</DIV><DIV><BR class="khtml-block-placeholder"></DIV><DIV>--Miako</DIV><BR><DIV><BLOCKQUOTE type="cite"><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">------------------------------</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Date: Fri, 26 Oct 2007 08:06:01 -0700</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">From: Karen Emmorey <<A href="mailto:kemmorey@mail.sdsu.edu">kemmorey@mail.sdsu.edu</A>></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Subject: Re: [SLLING-L] stuttering in signed languages</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">To: "A list for linguists interested in signed languages"</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; "><SPAN class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </SPAN><<A href="mailto:slling-l@majordomo.valenciacc.edu">slling-l@majordomo.valenciacc.edu</A>></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Message-ID: <<A href="mailto:896F3485-8286-4458-BE80-6B0EAF79F68B@mail.sdsu.edu">896F3485-8286-4458-BE80-6B0EAF79F68B@mail.sdsu.edu</A>></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">In some recent talks, I have hypothesized that stuttering might be <SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"> </SPAN></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">rare in sign language because there is a weak link between visual <SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"> </SPAN></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">feedback and sign production.<SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"> </SPAN>Some theories of stuttering <SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"> </SPAN></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">hypothesize a disruption between auditory feedback and speech <SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"> </SPAN></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">production.<SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"> </SPAN>Also, delayed auditory feedback can cause stuttering and <SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"> </SPAN></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">can sometimes improve symptoms in stutterers.<SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"> </SPAN>So I've been following <SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"> </SPAN></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">the anecdotes to see whether I could rule out sign stuttering due to <SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"> </SPAN></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">late learning or as an effect that carries over from speech in <SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"> </SPAN></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">hearing signers.<SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"> </SPAN>So I guess we have an interesting result either <SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"> </SPAN></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">way.<SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"> </SPAN>If stuttering turns out to be as common in signers as in <SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"> </SPAN></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">speakers, then this suggests that stuttering is indeed a language <SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"> </SPAN></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">disorder.<SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"> </SPAN>On the other hand, if stuttering turns out to be rare in <SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"> </SPAN></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">sign language, this supports my hypothesis that visual feedback is <SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"> </SPAN></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">not strongly linked to language output, compared to spoken language.</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Karen Emmorey</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">*****************************************</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Dr. Karen Emmorey</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Professor, Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">San Diego State University</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Director, Laboratory for Language and Cognitive Neuroscience</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">6495 Alvarado Road, Suite 200</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">San Diego, CA 92120</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Office (voice); (619) 594-8080</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Lab (voice): (619) 594-8049</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Fax: (619) 594-8056</DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">email: <A href="mailto:kemmorey@mail.sdsu.edu">kemmorey@mail.sdsu.edu</A></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; min-height: 14px; "><BR></DIV><DIV style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; ">Lab website:<SPAN class="Apple-converted-space"> </SPAN><A href="http://emmoreylab.sdsu.edu">http://emmoreylab.sdsu.edu</A></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV><SPAN class="Apple-style-span" style="border-collapse: separate; 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