<html><head><style type="text/css"><!-- DIV {margin:0px;} --></style></head><body><div style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:12pt"><div>Cherie Wren,</div><div><br></div><div>I guess I would write, as opposed to Sutton-Spence and Woll in Linguistics that ASL does have tense as a meta-language, but the grammar of the language does not put the tense markers on the particular verb cheremes, but on the utterances as a whole. Just like math -(3x + 5x +9y) = -9y - 8x. The negative on the one side applies to the entire parentheses and everything in it. So "Yesterday (I make snowmen, slide down hills, climb up again)" becomes, "Yesterday, I made snowmen, slid down hills, and climbed up again" in English The tense exists as a distributive over the entire phrase. The language does have tenses, and can fix actions at given points in time, by modifiers such as continually, constantly, repetitively, or clumsily--all of which
may modify the action in some way to express both time and manner. </div><div><br></div><div>Does that help?</div><div><br></div><div>Charles Butler</div><div><br></div><div style="font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:12pt"><br><div style="font-family:times new roman, new york, times, serif;font-size:12pt"><font size="2" face="Tahoma"><hr size="1"><b><span style="font-weight: bold;">From:</span></b> Cherie Wren <cwterp@yahoo.com><br><b><span style="font-weight: bold;">To:</span></b> SignWriting List <sw-l@majordomo.valenciacc.edu><br><b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Sent:</span></b> Sat, January 9, 2010 6:56:46 PM<br><b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Subject:</span></b> Re: [sw-l] question for the way to express 'made'<br></font><br>
<div style="font-family:tahoma, new york, times, serif;font-size:10pt;"><div style="font-family:tahoma, new york, times, serif;font-size:10pt;">Sorry I am an interpreter, not a linguist. I have to constantly defend against people who say ASL isn't a real language because it doesn't have______; when ASL just handles that particular ___ differently than English. Or "ASL doesn't have a word for ___" etc. In Linguist-Speak, maybe ASL and BSL don't "have tense" but what I mean is ASL does differentiate between past, present and future, it just does not mark each individual verb in the entire discourse like English does. I don't know the formal linguist definition for tense, or requirements for 'having' tense, but ASL does manage to convey past, present, future, '-ing', '-ed' etc.<br><br>cherie<br><div style="
font-family:arial, helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:13px;"><font size="2" face="Tahoma"><hr size="1"><b><span style="font-weight:bold;">From:</span></b> Trevor Jenkins <bslwannabe@gmail.com><br><b><span style="font-weight:bold;">To:</span></b> SignWriting List <sw-l@majordomo.valenciacc.edu><br><b><span style="font-weight:bold;">Sent:</span></b> Sat, January 9, 2010 3:10:18 PM<br><b><span style="font-weight:bold;">Subject:</span></b> Re: [sw-l] question for the way to express 'made'<br></font><br>
Um, according to Sutton-Spence and Woll in their "Linguistics of BSL"<br>the language does *not* have tense. In the same way that Chinese does<br>not have tense. There are time-markers to denote a change of time but<br>that is not the same as grammatical tense where the verb-lexeme is<br>altered for moment of occurence. Now as someone performing<br>sign-to-voice i would use the time-markers amongst the signs and then<br>change the spoken verbs according; or with voice-to-sign I would hear<br>the spoken verbs and insert a time marker. Notice that each spoken<br>verb has to be changed but only one signed time-marker is required.<br><br>On Sat, Jan 9, 2010 at 5:36 PM, Cherie Wren <<a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:cwterp@yahoo.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:cwterp@yahoo.com">cwterp@yahoo.com</a>> wrote:<br>> So, based on what you say, BSL expresses tense the same way as ASL. It DOES<br>> have tense, it just doesn't add it to every verb,
like English
does.<br>><br>> Cherie<br>><br>> ________________________________<br>> From: Sandy Fleming <<a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:sandy@fleimin.demon.co.uk" target="_blank" href="mailto:sandy@fleimin.demon.co.uk">sandy@fleimin.demon.co.uk</a>><br>> To: <a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:sw-l@majordomo.valenciacc.edu" target="_blank" href="mailto:sw-l@majordomo.valenciacc.edu">sw-l@majordomo.valenciacc.edu</a><br>> Sent: Fri, January 8, 2010 7:18:18 AM<br>> Subject: Re: [sw-l] question for the way to express 'made'<br>><br>> Cherie,<br>><br>> As I mentioned, BSL doesn't have tense. In telling a story, you simply<br>> state a time (eg LAST-WEEK or IN-THE-PAST or TOMORROW), then that time<br>> applies to everything you sign until you state new time.<br>><br>> BSL does have a lot of aspect, though, ie how an action is carried out.<br>> For example, completed, protracted, interrupted and so
on.<br>><br>> Sandy<br>><br>> On Fri, 2010-01-08 at 03:43 -0800,
Cherie Wren wrote:<br>>> In ASL the tense is one of the first things stated in a story. Then<br>>> tense is not restated until it changes. So if Lourdes set up that the<br>>> story happened in the past at the beginning of the story; "Once upon a<br>>> time" or the equivalent, then EVERY verb from then until it changed IF<br>>> it changed would look like present tense on the surface, but that is<br>>> only because the tense has already been established. English has to<br>>> state the tense with every flippin' verb. ASL does not. (Sorry,<br>>> can't comment about BSL ::smile::)<br>>><br>>><br>>><br>>> ______________________________________________________________________<br>>> From: Sandy Fleming <<a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:sandy@fleimin.demon.co.uk" target="_blank"
href="mailto:sandy@fleimin.demon.co.uk">sandy@fleimin.demon.co.uk</a>><br>>> To: SignWriting
List <<a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:sw-l@majordomo.valenciacc.edu" target="_blank" href="mailto:sw-l@majordomo.valenciacc.edu">sw-l@majordomo.valenciacc.edu</a>><br>>> Sent: Fri, January 8, 2010 3:59:56 AM<br>>> Subject: Re: [sw-l] question for the way to express 'made'<br>>><br>>> I'd agree with Trevor's grammar here:<br>>><br>>> PAST FOOD COOK (hold with aspect) FINISHED.<br>>><br>>> "PAST" is the time marker (there's no actual tense in BSL) and<br>>> generally<br>>> comes in the narrative before the things that happen at that time<br>>><br>>> "FINISHED" (or "BEEN") is the perfective aspect, and follows the verb<br>>> (though not all aspect is handled this way).<br>>><br>>> But Shane's:<br>>><br>>> FOOD COOK PAST<br>>><br>>> isn't wrong, it just needs support from non-manual features, as he<br>>> points out. To me it gives
a different emphasis, more on
WHEN the food<br>>> was cooked, rather than the actual cooking.<br>>><br>>> Does anyone perceive any semantic difference between:<br>>><br>>> FOOD COOK FINISHED<br>>><br>>> and:<br>>><br>>> FOOD COOK BEEN<br>>><br>>> in BSL? You'd think that "FINISHED" would have more of an achievement<br>>> associated with it but it seems to me that this connotation is lost in<br>>> using it as a perfective.<br>>><br>>> I would love to write some grammar rules for SignWriting BSL: that<br>>> sort<br>>> of thing would help people to write with more confidence, I think, but<br>>> I<br>>> don't really feel qualified.<br>>><br>>> Sandy<br>>><br>>> On Thu, 2010-01-07 at 22:20 +0000, Trevor Jenkins wrote:<br>>> > Hi Shane,<br>>> ><br>>> > Interesting. I'd put that BSL time marker earlier. Something
like<br>>> ><br>>> > PAST FOOD COOK (hold with aspect) FINISHED.<br>>> ><br>>> ><br>>> > On Thu, Jan 7, 2010 at 5:05 PM, Shane Gilchrist<br>>> > <<a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:shane.gilchrist.oheorpa@gmail.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:shane.gilchrist.oheorpa@gmail.com">shane.gilchrist.oheorpa@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br>>> > > Dear Gan,<br>>> > ><br>>> > > we dont really have past tenses in the same sense as the English<br>>> > > language - for instance, in BSL (using glosses - sorry!)<br>>> > ><br>>> > > I made food:<br>>> > ><br>>> > > - FOOD COOK^nodding<br>>> > > - FOOD COOK PAST<br>>> > > - FOOD COOK FINISHED!<br>>> > ><br>>> > > non-manual features are very important here.<br>>> > ><br>>> > > Shane<br>>> >
><br>>> >
><br>>> > > 2010/1/6 Gan Lu <<a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:glu@uclan.ac.uk" target="_blank" href="mailto:glu@uclan.ac.uk">glu@uclan.ac.uk</a>>:<br>>> > >> Hi Charles;<br>>> > >><br>>> > >> Thanks for the comment. So do you reckon the past tense is<br>>> necessary here? And if we use "create". should it be 'Created' then?<br>>> > >><br>>> > >> Thanks<br>>> > >> Gan<br>>> > >><br>>> > >>>>> "Charles Butler" <<a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:chazzer3332000@yahoo.com" target="_blank" href="mailto:chazzer3332000@yahoo.com">chazzer3332000@yahoo.com</a>> 06/01/10 1:54 PM<br>>> >>><br>>> > >> Hmm. In context the sign, I would think would be either "make"<br>>> or "create". The tense is carried by the situation.<br>>>
> >><br>>> > >><br>>> > >>
create<br>>> > >><br>>> > >><br>>> > >><br>>> > >><br>>> > >><br>>> > >> ________________________________<br>>> > >> From: Gan Lu <<a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:glu@uclan.ac.uk" target="_blank" href="mailto:glu@uclan.ac.uk">glu@uclan.ac.uk</a>><br>>> > >> To: <a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:sw-l@majordomo.valenciacc.edu" target="_blank" href="mailto:sw-l@majordomo.valenciacc.edu">sw-l@majordomo.valenciacc.edu</a><br>>> > >> Sent: Wed, January 6, 2010 8:05:15 AM<br>>> > >> Subject: [sw-l] question for the way to express 'made'<br>>> > >><br>>> > >> Dear Adam and Valerie;<br>>> > >><br>>> > >> I'm implementing the system now. While I have a question:<br>>> > >><br>>> > >> why can't we use
an ASL gesture to express the meaning of<br>>> 'made' on
the first page of the 'Frosty the Snow Man', other than<br>>> using the FingerSpellings to sign these four letters respectively?<br>>> > >><br>>> > >> I suppose the reason is because the word 'made' is a past<br>>> tense, and there is no ASL for it.<br>>> > >><br>>> > >> The reason I'm asking is my intention is to implement the first<br>>> page as a 4-by-4 output pattern, which are 16 sign-boxes in total<br>>> includes those punctuations. So I'm looking for a way to squeeze the<br>>> word 'made' into a box.<br>>> > >><br>>> > >> Thanks<br>>> > >> Gan<br>>> > >><br>>> > >><br>>> > >><br>>> > >><br>>> > >><br>>> > >> ____________________________________________<br>>> > >><br>>> >
>> SW-L SignWriting List<br>>> > >><br>>> > >> Post Message<br>>> > >> <a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:SW-L@majordomo.valenciacc.edu" target="_blank" href="mailto:SW-L@majordomo.valenciacc.edu">SW-L@majordomo.valenciacc.edu</a><br>>> > >><br>>> > >> List Archives and Help<br><span><span>>> > >> <a target="_blank" href="http://www.signwriting.org/forums/swlist/">http://www.signwriting.org/forums/swlist/</a></span></span><br>>> > >><br>>> > >> Change Email Settings<br><span><span>>> > >> <a target="_blank" href="http://majordomo.valenciacc.edu/mailman/listinfo/sw-l">http://majordomo.valenciacc.edu/mailman/listinfo/sw-l</a></span></span><br>>> > >><br>>> > >><br>>> > >><br>>> > >><br>>> > >>
____________________________________________<br>>> > >><br>>> > >> SW-L
SignWriting List<br>>> > >><br>>> > >> Post Message<br>>> > >> <a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:SW-L@majordomo.valenciacc.edu" target="_blank" href="mailto:SW-L@majordomo.valenciacc.edu">SW-L@majordomo.valenciacc.edu</a><br>>> > >><br>>> > >> List Archives and Help<br>>> > >> <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.signwriting.org/forums/swlist/">http://www.signwriting.org/forums/swlist/</a><br>>> > >><br>>> > >> Change Email Settings<br>>> > >> <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://majordomo.valenciacc.edu/mailman/listinfo/sw-l">http://majordomo.valenciacc.edu/mailman/listinfo/sw-l</a><br>>> > >><br>>> > >><br>>> > ><br>>> > ><br>>> > ><br>>> > ><br>>> > >
____________________________________________<br>>> > ><br>>> > > SW-L SignWriting
List<br>>> > ><br>>> > > Post Message<br>>> > > <a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:SW-L@majordomo.valenciacc.edu" target="_blank" href="mailto:SW-L@majordomo.valenciacc.edu">SW-L@majordomo.valenciacc.edu</a><br>>> > ><br>>> > > List Archives and Help<br>>> > > <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.signwriting.org/forums/swlist/">http://www.signwriting.org/forums/swlist/</a><br>>> > ><br>>> > > Change Email Settings<br>>> > > <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://majordomo.valenciacc.edu/mailman/listinfo/sw-l">http://majordomo.valenciacc.edu/mailman/listinfo/sw-l</a><br>>> > ><br>>> > ><br>>> ><br>>> ><br>>> ><br>>><br>>><br>>><br>>><br>>> ____________________________________________<br>>><br>>> SW-L SignWriting
List<br>>><br>>> Post Message<br>>> <a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:SW-L@majordomo.valenciacc.edu" target="_blank" href="mailto:SW-L@majordomo.valenciacc.edu">SW-L@majordomo.valenciacc.edu</a><br>>><br>>> List Archives and Help<br>>> <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.signwriting.org/forums/swlist/">http://www.signwriting.org/forums/swlist/</a><br>>><br>>> Change Email Settings<br>>> <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://majordomo.valenciacc.edu/mailman/listinfo/sw-l">http://majordomo.valenciacc.edu/mailman/listinfo/sw-l</a><br>>><br>>><br>>><br>><br>><br>><br>><br>> ____________________________________________<br>><br>> SW-L SignWriting List<br>><br>> Post Message<br>> <a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:SW-L@majordomo.valenciacc.edu" target="_blank"
href="mailto:SW-L@majordomo.valenciacc.edu">SW-L@majordomo.valenciacc.edu</a><br>><br>> List Archives and Help<br>> <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.signwriting.org/forums/swlist/">http://www.signwriting.org/forums/swlist/</a><br>><br>> Change Email Settings<br>> <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://majordomo.valenciacc.edu/mailman/listinfo/sw-l">http://majordomo.valenciacc.edu/mailman/listinfo/sw-l</a><br>><br>><br>><br>><br>><br>><br>> ____________________________________________<br>><br>> SW-L SignWriting List<br>><br>> Post Message<br>> <a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:SW-L@majordomo.valenciacc.edu" target="_blank" href="mailto:SW-L@majordomo.valenciacc.edu">SW-L@majordomo.valenciacc.edu</a><br>><br>> List Archives and Help<br>> <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.signwriting.org/forums/swlist/">http://www.signwriting.org/forums/swlist/</a><br>><br>> Change Email Settings<br>> <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://majordomo.valenciacc.edu/mailman/listinfo/sw-l">http://majordomo.valenciacc.edu/mailman/listinfo/sw-l</a><br>><br><br><br><br>-- <br>Regards, Trevor.<br><br><>< Re:
deemed!<br><br><br><br><br>____________________________________________<br><br>SW-L SignWriting List<br><br>Post Message<br><a rel="nofollow" ymailto="mailto:SW-L@majordomo.valenciacc.edu" target="_blank" href="mailto:SW-L@majordomo.valenciacc.edu">SW-L@majordomo.valenciacc.edu</a><br><br>List Archives and Help<br><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.signwriting.org/forums/swlist/">http://www.signwriting.org/forums/swlist/</a><br><br>Change Email Settings<br><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://majordomo.valenciacc.edu/mailman/listinfo/sw-l">http://majordomo.valenciacc.edu/mailman/listinfo/sw-l</a><br><br></div></div>
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