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<p class=section style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:
13.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><a
href="http://www.oralliterature.org/collections/huqianma001.html">http://www.oralliterature.org/collections/huqianma001.html</a></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#CF5200'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=section style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:
13.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#CF5200'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=section style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:
13.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#CF5200'>Hu Qianma: Wangjiagou Pumi
Collection<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline;border-style:initial;border-color:
initial;border-image: initial;outline-width: 0px;outline-style: initial;
outline-color: initial;font-weight:inherit;font-style:inherit'><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>The World
Oral Literature Project is pleased to host the collection of Hu Qianma. Details
of the full collection can be browsed on DSpace@Cambridge by clicking</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a
href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240488"><strong><span
style='font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in;text-decoration:none'>here</span></strong></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:12.0pt;
margin-left:0in;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:
baseline;border-style:initial;border-color:initial;border-image: initial;
outline-width: 0px;outline-style: initial;outline-color: initial;font-weight:
inherit;font-style:inherit'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'>This collection contains forty-five audio files including
numerous interviews and various genres of traditional songs recorded by Hu
Qianma in the Pumi village of Wangjiagou, Jinmian Township, Ninglang County,
Lijiang City, Yunnan Province, PR China.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:12.0pt;
margin-left:0in;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:
baseline;border-style:initial;border-color:initial;border-image: initial;
outline-width: 0px;outline-style: initial;outline-color: initial;font-weight:
inherit;font-style:inherit'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'>Hu Qianma recorded this collection between February 2008 -
February 2011<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline;border-style:initial;border-color:
initial;border-image: initial;outline-width: 0px;outline-style: initial;
outline-color: initial;font-weight:inherit;font-style:inherit'><strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:
none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>Collection Details:</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:12.0pt;
margin-left:0in;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:
baseline;border-style:initial;border-color:initial;border-image: initial;
outline-width: 0px;outline-style: initial;outline-color: initial;font-weight:
inherit;font-style:inherit'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'>Collection: Hu Qianma: Wangjiagou Pumi Collection<br>
Collector: Hu Qianma<br>
Date(s): 2008-2011<br>
Language(s): Pumi, Premi<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>1.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Drinking Song 1, 'Er Zhi Tian Gei'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
This song welcomes guests by saying, “Honourable relatives and friends,
please come to a Pumi home. We have delicious liquor and melodious songs
awaiting you. Please come and sit beside the stove, sing songs and drink liquor
with us.”</span><span class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'> </span></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240822" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1185829"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>2.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Folk Song 1, 'Elders Advise Young People'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
This song is sung to advise young people and says, “Elders grow weaker
day by day while young people grow stronger. During youth you can do many
things but in old age, you can't do anything, even if you are motivated.
Everyone should therefore make the most of life when they are young.”</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240823" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1185847"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>3.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Interview 1, 'The History of the Yema Clan'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
Yema is a clan in Wangjiagou Village. This recording discusses where the clan
came from and what their daily life was like. It also discusses how many
generations have lived in the village, and who was the first person who came to
the village from the clan?</span><span class=apple-converted-space><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'> </span></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240824" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1185865"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>4.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Interview 2, 'The History of the Baxi Clan'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
The Baxi Clan first lived in Mianmian and moved to Wangjiagou Village four
generations ago. The Baxi Clan came from a place where crows were white and had
no feathers. Baxi got its name because the founder of the clan hid in the
forest when he had to work in the fields. Baxi has had four generations since
coming to Wangjiagou.</span><span class=apple-converted-space><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'> </span></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240825" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1185883"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>5.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Interview 3, 'The History of the Sengti Clan'</span></strong><span
class=apple-converted-space><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'> </span></b></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
The speaker states that the founder of the Sengti Clan in Wangjiagou Village
was called Guadada. He came as a groom to the village and was also a hangui, a
knowledgeable ritual specialist. There have been four generations since he came
to the village. The clan has become poorer and poorer.<br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240826" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1185907"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>6.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Interview 4, 'The Bidai Clan and the History of Yi, Pumi and Han
People'</span></strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'><br>
Bidai is a clan in Wangjiagou Village. Guozui was the founder of the clan in
Wangjiagou Village. He was a famous hard-worker, who came to the village as a
groom and lived with the Agai Clan.</span><span class=apple-converted-space><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'> </span></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240827" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187047"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>7.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Interview 5, 'A Story about Pumi and Yi'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
The relationship between Yi and Pumi is described. The speaker narrates a story
starting that the Pumi were once more powerful than the Yi, who worked for the
Pumi. The story also describes how the Yi came to live where they do today, on
mountain tops.</span><span class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'> </span></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240828" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187065"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>8.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Interview 6, 'The Story of the Agai Clan'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
The first person of the Agai Clan who came to Wangjiagou was called Rongbutie.
Since he came to Wangjiagou Village, his clan line has flourished, and become
more prosperous.</span><span class=apple-converted-space><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'> </span></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240829" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187083"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>9.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Interview 7, 'Pumi Origins'</span></strong><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
The origins of the Pumi people are explained. Pumi were called Xifan before,
because Pumi came from where the sun set (the west, xi). There were nine
generations of grandfathers, and seven generations of grandmothers. The seventh
grandmother could marry with the ninth grandfather, but the ninth grandfather
couldn’t marry with the seventh grandmothers.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240830" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187122"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>10.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Interview 8, 'The History of the Dala Clan'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
The history of the Dala Clan in Wangjiagou Village is described. Four
generations have passed since this clan came to the village. The first person
who came to the village lived in a house which was offered to him by the Bidai
Clan.<br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240831" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187173"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>11.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Interview 9, 'The Story of the Xiong Bajiajia'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
Xiongbajiajia’s last name is Xiong. He followed Mutianwang, who was a
leader at that time. Xiong Bajiajia became a bird after he died, and sent a
message to people. The message said, “Tell my family I’II return
home soon, and bring gifts for my parents, brothers, and sisters.”</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240832" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187228"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>12.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Interview 10, 'Mountain God Sacrifice and Soul-calling Rituals'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
This file describes how every family has a holy tree used for sacrifices to the
local mountain god. When a family member is ill, they take a bowl of
goat’s milk, and call back the patient’s soul from under the tree.
The mountain god helps the family find the patient’s soul.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240833" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187211"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>13.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Interview 11, 'Rongsao (the ritual after the bride is taken out
from her home)'</span></strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'><br>
Rongsao is a very important part of local marriage processes. It is held not
only in bride’s home but also in the groom’s home. In the
bride’s home, this ritual is held after seeing the bride off, while in
groom’s home it is held after the wedding ceremony.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240834" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187228"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>14.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Interview 12, 'The Spring Festival and the Deities of Spring'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
The New Year for different animals and the spring deity are described. A ritual
called Ling qiewo is held during the New Year. The ritual takes place on one of
two days during the New Year period, the “Goat New Year” or
“Cow New Year”. These days are chosen according to the zodiac. A
legend says that there were nine generations of male spring deities and seven
generations of female spring deities. The water which Pumi people drink is
offered by the spring deities. The deities give plants and all human beings
life.</span><span class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'> </span></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240835" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187245"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>15.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Love Song 1, 'Madami (My Love for You)'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
This song says, “I bless you from my immaculate heart. Different people
respond differently at various times, but my feelings for you won't change.
I’ll always think about you.”</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240836" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187262"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>16.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Religious Song 1, 'Friends from Far Away'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
This song is sung during the New Year period and says, “We relatives and
friends will all gather beside the stove. The youths will sit beside the stove
and the elders will teach them Pumi customs and culture. May the youths
maintain these for prosperity.”</span><span class=apple-converted-space><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'> </span></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240837" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187279"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>17.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Religious Song 2, 'Blessings'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
This song is usually sung during such Pumi festivals as New Year, which is held
from the 7th to the 9th of day of the twelfth lunar month. The meaning of this
song is that history accumulates day by day, month by month, and year by year.
To face death is our fate. Elders need not worry about when they are going to
die, but should try to enjoy themselves while they are alive. Youths should
treat time as something precious. They have much time to do what they need.
They should be happy and never complain.<br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240838" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187320"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>18.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Religious Song 3, 'Nangbushuoluo (Cooking Pot)'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
This song may be sung whenever Pumi gather and celebrate, and says, “Pumi
people are never without their copper pots. With such pots, Pumi people can
cook food, boil water, and so on. Pots always help people. Thank you, pot, for
your help!”</span><span class=apple-converted-space><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'> </span></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240839" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187366"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>19.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Religious Song 4, 'Manigeibu'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
This song is typically sung during the New Year period celebrations.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240840" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187394"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>20.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Religious Song 5, 'Zedian (Praising White Incense)'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
This song is sung during Pumi rituals and praises the incense burned during
such rituals.</span><span class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'> </span></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240841" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187439"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>21.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Ritual 1, 'Ghost Exorcism Ritual'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
This file describes how the ghost exorcism ritual is usually held after the New
Year, because during the New Year, ghosts come to the home to look for food.
The ghosts include the family’s ancestors and other malicious ghost. The
purpose of this ritual is to drive away the bad ghosts who want to harm the
family members and the family’s livestock.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240842" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187545"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>22.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Ritual 2, 'Bride-Welcoming Ritual'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
This ritual takes place in the groom’s home in order to welcome the
bride. The bride is told, “From now on, you’re a member of this
family. You should respect your husband’s parents like your own parents,
and get along with your husband’s brothers and sisters. We will also
treat you as our own daughter, and your husband will treat you kindly.”</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240843" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187562"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>23.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Ritual 3, 'Making Offering to the Groom’s Ancestors'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
The groom’s ancestors are beseeched to protect the bride and groom. In
this ritual, the bride and groom and their assistants firstly bow before a site
in the house dedicated to the ancestor. Secondly, bow respectfully to the
groom’s parents. They are then congratulated for their marriage. Next is
dancing and singing beside the Zongbala.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240844" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187579"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>24.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Song 1, 'An Entertaining Dancing Song'</span></strong><span
class=apple-converted-space><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'> </span></b></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
The lyrics say: we sister and brothers can not often be together. However,
luckily, we are all together tonight. It’s my pleasure to be a volunteer
to sing songs for you, my brothers and sisters. Why don’t you sing a
song? If you sing a song, tonight will be nice and our relationship will
deepen. A small cloud passes over our head slowly. We should rest for a while,
and chat about our life.</span><span class=apple-converted-space><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'> </span></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240845" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187596"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>25.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Song 2, 'An Engagement Song'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
Usually, engagement rituals are held in the bride’s home. The
groom’s side sends three people who are good at communicating and who
sing songs as representatives to the bride’s home.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240846" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187613"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>26.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Song 3, 'Dongzi dongdai dong Song'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
This song describes the Dongzi dongdai dongsong, the holy materials used in
ancestor and deity worship rituals. They include Bongba, Gongyong, Zongbala,
Zengdian bukua, and Zhishong gailie. “Bongba” is a bottle in which
holy water is put. “Gongyong” is a butter lamp.
“Zongbala” is a carved square stone where food, liquor and tea are
offered daily to ancestors and deities. “Zengdian bukua” is a bowl
for burning the incense. “Zhishong gailie” is a cup for pouring
alchol or tea during offering rituals.</span><span class=apple-converted-space><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'> </span></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240847" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187630"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>27.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Song 4, 'The Love Song, Madami'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
This love song says: Falling in love with you was very easy, but getting along
with you is difficult.</span><span class=apple-converted-space><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'> </span></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240848" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187647"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>28.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Song 5, 'The Song of Whole Life'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
This song describes life from birth until death. It advises young people to
value time in case, as elders, they will feel regret for wasting time.<br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240849" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187680"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>29.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Song 6, 'The Four Seasons'</span></strong><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
This song describes how the four seasons are like human life, from childhood,
teenage, mid-age, and old age. The four seasons not only show the annual cycle,
but also the world’s life cycle: primal, developing, developed, and
ebbing away.</span><span class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'> </span></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240857" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187697"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>30.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Song 7, 'A Seeing off Song'</span></strong><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
This song says, please be careful on your way. When you leave, I sincerely
bless you. When you come back, I’ll restrain the dog to allow you to
enter my home. Please don’t forget the people who love you. We bless and
support you constantly.</span><span class=apple-converted-space><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'> </span></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240850" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187714"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>31.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Song 8, 'A Song for the Bride'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
This song instructs the bride thus: You should follow and respect your husband.
You have the most important role to play in the family. You should follow our
culture to obey elders, and don’t always look up at the sky instead of
working hard. You also should be knowledgeable and teach your children well.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240851" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187731"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>32.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Song 9, 'A Song for Ancestors'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
This song praises ancestors, saying: “We are the descendants our
ancestors, They gave us life and taught us how to produce food for ourselves.
Wherever we are, we should make offerings to our ancestors.”</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240852" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187748"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>33.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Song 10, 'Songs of History'</span></strong><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
This song states that history demonstrates the truth that all things are
impermanent. Thus, we should be satisfied with our life and not be greedy for a
better life.</span><span class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'> </span></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240853" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187765"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>34.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Song 11, 'A Proposal Song'</span></strong><span style='font-size:
14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
The singer says, I welcome you to my home to propose to the girl. I’II
prevent the dog from biting you. I don’t want to let my daughter go to a
far away place, I want to give my daughter to you. I always thought about you
coming to propose. You are a cloud, and I am a star. My daughter and your son
should marry.<br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240854" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187790"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>35.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Song 12, 'A Song for Mother'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
This song is about missing one’s mother and says, “My mother is so
great that I can’t prevent myself from thinking about her. Although there
are so many things distracting me, I can’t forget my mother. I should
take care of her. She is the most important person in my life.”</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240855" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187834"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>36.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Song 13, 'Love Songs between Women and Men'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
Women ask questions to the men, and the men answer the questions. If the men
can’t answer the questions, the men lose face, and the women laugh at
them.</span><span class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'> </span></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240856" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187851"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>37.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Song 14, 'The String Dance Song'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
String dance is a traditional dance in Pumi communities. The steps usually
follow a rhythm of the flute. Songs are sung antiphonally during the dance between
women and men, or between guests and hosts.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240858" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187870"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>38.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Song 15, 'Nanbu Shuo Luo'</span></strong><span
class=apple-converted-space><b><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'> </span></b></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
The song describes the importance of “Nanbu Shuo Luo”. This
translates directly as “ancestor pot”. All Pumi property, customs
and lifestyles are said to be contained in this symbolic pot for future
generations’ benefit. The meaning of this symbolic pot is unclear for
most Pumi people, including collector of the song.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240859" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187887"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>39.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Speech 1, 'A Speech for Seeing off the Bride'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
This speech is addressed to the bride-to-be and says; “From today on, you
should always think about your husband and be a kind wife. You should know how
to conduct yourself in society. Be nice to your husband’s family members,
and get along with your new neighbours.”</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240860" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187923"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>40.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Story 1, 'The Story of Four Mountains and Four Brothers'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
This narrative states that four brothers divided from four mountains, and
received different family names. After they divided they met many difficulties
but at last obtained a peaceful life. The four mountains are called: Woniliedi,
Rinidacuo, Guemisengzhu, and Beriwodi.</span><span class=apple-converted-space><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'> </span></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240861" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1187971"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>41.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Story 2, 'The Story of Two Hangui and A Witch'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
This story describes how two hangui studied with a knowledgeable teacher. One
of them worked very hard, and one of them didn’t. After five years, the
teacher tested them. One of them passed, but the one who didn’t work hard
didn’t pass the exam. So, only one of them graduated, and he began his
journey. He came to a village, and went to a household to get something to eat.
Then the host of the household told him that all the villagers were killed by
witches and they were the only household left. Then the hangui helped this
family kill all the witches except the biggest. The biggest one only lost one
of her feet and then escaped. The hangui then began his journey again.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240862" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1188022"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>42.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Story 3, 'The Story of Three Brothers'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
Three brothers lived together. The oldest son and second-oldest son were cruel
and lazy. They never worked in the fields while the youngest one worked very
hard. The gods couldn’t bear this, and so sent a flood to punish the two
brothers. Only the youngest one survived.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240863" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1188049"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>43.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Story 4, 'The Story of Chisengjiebu'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
Chisengjiebu was half ghost and half water deity. He punished bad and unkind
people and treated kind and hard-working people generously.<br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240864" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1188079"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>44.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Wedding Song 1, 'Nibayalilinong (Leading to a New Life)'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
This wedding says, “Parents, please don’t say any inauspicious
words during the wedding. Let us bless our children so they can have a good,
new life.”</span><span class=apple-converted-space><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'> </span></span><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240865" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1188115"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;background:white;
vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:#333333'><br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p style='margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;mso-line-height-alt:13.5pt;
background:white;vertical-align:baseline'><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'>45.</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><strong><span style='font-size:14.0pt;
font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>Wedding Song 2, 'Rongjianguxing (Sitting in Brother’s Home)'</span></strong><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
A male and a female sing this song antiphonally during weddings. The song says,
“We are all in my brother’s home chanting prayers and burning
incense. Only burning incense and chanting prayers can bring good fortune to
this family. If the smoke circles into the sky to the left, the mountain deity
will receive it. If the smoke circles into the sky to the right, the gods and
goddesses will receive it. Wherever you are, don’t forget to chant
prayers! Prayers will give you good luck.”</span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><br>
<a href="http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/240866" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in'>[Archive]</span></a></span><span
class=apple-converted-space><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"inherit","serif";
color:#333333'> </span></span><span style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:
"inherit","serif";color:#333333'><a href="http://sms.cam.ac.uk/media/1188138"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#003C79;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;
padding:0in'>[Listen to audio]</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:14.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
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