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<div>Dear All,</div>
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<div>My work with active Lule Saami language users within Lule Saami community seems to indicate that there are approx. 650-700 active speakers but many more with various degrees of passive knowledge. By "active" I mean that they speak the language with some
degree of fluency. This does not include those that actively use only fixed phrases such as greetings, kinship terms, etc. By "passive" I mean that they can follow conversations (either all themes or only specific themes), but either never speak the language
or only reply with limited phrases.</div>
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<div>As far as I know, there has been no official or unofficial documentation of the number of Lule Saami speakers. The numbers that I have and have seen mentioned in the literature seem to be estimates based on word-of-mouth. </div>
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<div>Bruce</div>
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<span class="apple-style-span"><span style="font-size: 9pt; ">===========================================</span></span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; ">Bruce Morén-Duolljá, PhD<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; ">Senior Researcher<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; ">Center for Advanced Study in Theoretical Linguistics<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; ">University of Tromsø<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; ">NO-9037 Tromsø<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; ">Norway<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; "><a href="mailto:bruce.moren@uit.no" style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline; ">bruce.moren@uit.no</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; "><a href="http://castl.uit.no/people/moren-duollja" style="color: blue; text-decoration: underline; ">http://castl.uit.no/people/moren-duollja</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-size: 9pt; color: black; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; ">"I speak my favorite language because that's who I am. We teach our children our favorite language because we want them to know who they are." - Christine Johnson, Tohono O'odham
elder<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<span style="font-weight:bold">From: </span>Scheller Elisabeth <<a href="mailto:elisabeth.scheller@uit.no">elisabeth.scheller@uit.no</a>><br>
<span style="font-weight:bold">Date: </span>Mon, 29 Oct 2012 18:13:42 +0000<br>
<span style="font-weight:bold">To: </span>"<a href="mailto:ura-list@helsinki.fi">ura-list@helsinki.fi</a>" <<a href="mailto:ura-list@helsinki.fi">ura-list@helsinki.fi</a>><br>
<span style="font-weight:bold">Cc: </span>"<a href="mailto:michael.riessler@skandinavistik.uni-freiburg.de">michael.riessler@skandinavistik.uni-freiburg.de</a>" <<a href="mailto:michael.riessler@skandinavistik.uni-freiburg.de">michael.riessler@skandinavistik.uni-freiburg.de</a>>,
Pekka Sammallahti <<a href="mailto:pekka.sammallahti@oulu.fi">pekka.sammallahti@oulu.fi</a>><br>
<span style="font-weight:bold">Subject: </span>Re: Query<br>
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<div>Dear ura-list members,</div>
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<div>I am not on the ura-list, but one of the ura-list members was so kind to send a copy of the ongoing conversation about the Kola Saami language situation to me, what I am grateful for.</div>
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<div><u>Concerning the Akkala Saami recordings, which my collegue Michael Riessler mentions</u>:</div>
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<div>Yes there are at least one active Akkala Saami speaker and several people with knowledge of Akkala Saami on different levels. I have done these recordings and I am working with an investigation of the Akkala Saami language situation. An analysis of the
Akkala Saami situation will be published in my dissertation during next year (in Swedish). I will also publish an article in English about this issue. </div>
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<div>Michael Riessler asked my to get copies of my Akkala Saami recordings recordings for storing them in the digital archive at the Max-Planck Institute in Nijmegen. I gave him the copies, BUT we agreed that the recordings are only stored in the archive but
not open for spreading via the internet. This is because yet I don't have permissions from the recorded persons. Before the informants haven't given their written permissions to how they want that the recordings will be done available in the future, the recordings
are not freely available (at least not via the internet). I would like to ask Michael Riessler and every other persons to respect this. People who are interested in the Akkala Saami recordings are welcome to take contact with me to discuss this issue.</div>
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<div>I have discussed resluts of my investigation of the situation of the Saami languages in Russia in two newer articles:</div>
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<div>Scheller, Elisabeth (2011). Samisk språkrevitalisering i Ryssland – möjligheter och utmaningar. In (eds.) Kirsten Palm, Else Ryen, Hilde Sollid, NOA: norsk som andrespråk 1-2011. Tromsø: Novus forlag. pp. 86-118.</div>
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<div>Soon an articles will come out in English:</div>
<div>Scheller, Elisabeth (in press): Kola Sami Language Revitalisation – opportunities and challenges. In (eds.) Kajsa Andersson. L'Image du Sápmi II. Humanistica Oerebroensia: humanistic studies at the University of Örebro, Artes et linguae. Örebro: Örebro
University.</div>
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<div><u>Concerning Ume Saami and Pite Saami</u>:</div>
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<div>There are active speakers of both languages. To get more information about these languages you can contact the researchers who are working with these languages:</div>
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<div><b>Ume and South Saami</b>: Mikael Vinka (Umeå university) <a href="mailto:mikael.vinka@samiska.umu.se">
mikael.vinka@samiska.umu.se</a> </div>
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<div><b>Pite Saami</b>: Joshua Wilbur (Humboldt university Berlin) <a href="mailto:wilburjk@staff.hu-berlin.de">wilburjk@staff.hu-berlin.de</a></div>
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<div>With kind regards,</div>
<div>Elisabeth Scheller</div>
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<div>Stipendiat i Språkvitenskap </div>
<div>Universitetet i Tromsø</div>
<div>+47 776 46340</div>
<div><a href="mailto:elisabeth.scheller@uit.no">elisabeth.scheller@uit.no</a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "><b>Lähettäjä: </b></span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium; ">Pekka Sammallahti <<a href="mailto:pekka.sammallahti@oulu.fi">pekka.sammallahti@oulu.fi</a>><br>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "><b>Aihe: </b></span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium; "><b>Re: Query</b><br>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "><b>Päivämäärä: </b></span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium; ">29. oktober 2012 17:24:47 CET<br>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "><b>Vastaanottaja: </b></span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium; ">Michael Rießler <<a href="mailto:michael.riessler@skandinavistik.uni-freiburg.de">michael.riessler@skandinavistik.uni-freiburg.de</a>><br>
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<span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "><b>Kopio: </b></span><span style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: medium; "><<a href="mailto:ura-list@helsinki.fi">ura-list@helsinki.fi</a>><br>
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<div>Dear all,<br>
<br>
A praiseworthy endevor!<br>
<br>
I couldn't open Michael's Akkala link. I would have liked to hear it with my own ears, just to convince myself that Akkala is not confused with Sââ´rves. The two languages coexisted in Yona for decades but the last recordings I've heard indicate that they didn't
merge at least as far as their phonologies are concerned.<br>
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Best,<br>
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Pekka<br>
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Quoting Michael Rießler <<a href="mailto:michael.riessler@skandinavistik.uni-freiburg.de">michael.riessler@skandinavistik.uni-freiburg.de</a>>:<br>
<br>
<blockquote type="cite">Dear all,<br>
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thank you Flo and Riho! I find this a very useful initiative.<br>
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A few notes on East-Saamic:<br>
* Akkala is certainly not extinct, one speaker was recently recorded, see <a href="http://corpus1.mpi.nl/ds/imdi_browser?openpath=MPI1564782%23">http://corpus1.mpi.nl/ds/imdi_browser?openpath=MPI1564782%23</a>.<br>
* The most reliable estimation of Kildin speakers presents Scheller 2011 (or elsewhere): "The Saami language situation in Russia" in: Uralica Helsingiensia 5. Scheller distinguishes between about 100 active and 700 passive speakers. Your figure of 350 speakers
is in between these two and seems reasonable to me.<br>
* Skolt does in fact also have speakers in Norway. I personally know two speakers who live in Neiden. They are both fluent and active speakers, at least one of them is among the leading revitalizers having published books in Skolt Saami and teaching it at
the school in Sevettijärvi/Finland (30km from Neiden). I have heard about a third speaker living in Kirkenes. Although they have only moved to Norway from the Finish side, they have lived in Norway permanently for several (if not many) years (both with
Norwegian partners) and they continue using Skolt Saami between each other or with other visiting Skolt Saami. One of them is even a Norwegian citizen. Being permanent inhabitants of Norway, living on traditional Skolt Saami territories (in an area which
was always characterized by cross-border communication) and obviously being quite active speakers, it seems anachronistic to exclude them from being counted as Skolt Saami of Norway.<br>
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Best,<br>
Michael Rießler<br>
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Dr. Michael Rießler<br>
Skandinavisches Seminar, Universität Freiburg<br>
<a href="http://www.skandinavistik.uni-freiburg.de/institut/mitarbeiter/riessler">www.skandinavistik.uni-freiburg.de/institut/mitarbeiter/riessler</a><br>
<a href="mailto:michael.riessler@skandinavistik.uni-freiburg.de">michael.riessler@skandinavistik.uni-freiburg.de</a><br>
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On Oct 29, 2012, at 1:44 PM, Florian Siegl wrote:<br>
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<blockquote type="cite">Over the last month, the Department of Finno-Ugric studies in Helsinki has collected and re-evaluated existing statistical data concerning estimated numbers of speakers (!) of individual Uralic languages. As this data is biased, we
have decided to make our estimations available on Ura-List in order to gather feedback and suggestions. The overall intention is NOT to present an exact number of speakers (see also principles in the attached file) which would result in a sanctioned list,
but to arrive at a reasonably realistic estimation which can be used e. g. in teaching, research or PR work. Although this should not need any further explanation, we wish to exemplify this with two instances which demonstrate the urgency of such an endeavor;
the number of Lule Saami speakers has been estimated as roughly 1500-2000, and this number has been around for a longer period. Recent estimations from within the Lule Saami community operate with roughly 700 speakers only ? the resulting discrepancy is
50%. A similar case is to be expected for Forest Nenets. The number of speakers has been reported exceeding 1000 for quite a while now, but may actually not exceed 700 when taking general demographic trends into consideration.<br>
Further, several languages were once a while reported as extinct (e. g. Livonian, Ume Saami and Pite Saami) though for all languages L1 speakers could still be found. Possibly Akkala Saami could also be added to this list.<br>
<br>
As Ura-List, unfortunately, does not stimulate much online discussion, we encourage subscribers to comment this particular matter online. Of course, we also welcome offline comments. These should be sent to <a href="mailto:florian.siegl@helsinki.fi">florian.siegl@helsinki.fi</a>.
Please state on which kind of evidence your assumptions rest and if possible provide links to further online resources, own work etc. Please also state if we are allowed to quote your data/assumption publicly as p. c. if this would become necessary.<br>
<br>
A summary will be posted on Ura-List. A more ?official? mode of representation is currently also thought of perhaps resulting in an updated version of the 1992 map Geographical Distribution of the Uralic Languages (then compiled by Grünthal & Salminen).
A suitable online forum is also currently debated on.<br>
<br>
Last, but not least, please forward this message to colleagues and language activists who are not subscribers of Ura-List.<br>
<br>
Florian Siegl<br>
<br>
PhD, researcher<br>
Department of Finnish, Finno-Ugrian and Scandinavian Studies,<br>
P.O.Box 24<br>
FIN-00014 University of Helsinki<br>
Finland<br>
<br>
<br>
<Uralic_Languages_Speakers_2012.doc><br>
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