VYAKARAN: South Asian Languages and Linguistics Net
Editors: Tej K. Bhatia, Syracuse University, New York
John Peterson, University of Osnabrueck, Germany
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Thanks
for the help with the "name this construction" question I had. Now I have a
question about references related to word categories for this phenomena, which
Indo-Aryan languages show us that we (or at least, I) "didn't know
before".</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">Specificially,
I-A languages show us that there something somehow related between these sets of
words:</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">yahaa.n<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
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vAlign=top>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">wahaa.n<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">kahaa.n<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">jahaa.n</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
<TR style="mso-yfti-irow: 1; mso-yfti-lastrow: yes">
<TD
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">PRX-LOC<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">DST-LOC<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">INTR-LOC<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">REL-LOC</SPAN><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><o:p> </o:p></P>
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style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; BORDER-TOP: medium none; BORDER-LEFT: medium none; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 480; mso-padding-alt: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext"
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN lang=IS
style="mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-ansi-language: IS">isko<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN lang=IS
style="mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-ansi-language: IS">usko<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD
style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt"
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN lang=IS
style="mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-ansi-language: IS">kisko<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
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style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt"
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN lang=IS
style="mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-ansi-language: IS">jisko<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR>
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN lang=IS
style="mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-ansi-language: IS">PRX-3SG-DAT<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN lang=IS
style="mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-ansi-language: IS">DST-3SG-DAT<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD
style="BORDER-RIGHT: windowtext 1pt solid; PADDING-RIGHT: 5.4pt; BORDER-TOP: #ece9d8; PADDING-LEFT: 5.4pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; BORDER-LEFT: #ece9d8; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: windowtext 1pt solid; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext 5pt; mso-border-left-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-border-top-alt: solid windowtext .5pt"
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<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN lang=IS
style="mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-ansi-language: IS">INTR-3SG-DAT<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD>
<TD
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vAlign=top>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN lang=IS
style="mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-ansi-language: IS">REL-3SG-DAT<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN lang=IS
style="mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-ansi-language: IS"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN lang=IS
style="mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal; mso-ansi-language: IS">The former ones I
would want to call “Adverbs</SPAN><SPAN style="mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal">”
since they relate to location.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
style="mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal">The latter ones I would want to call
“Pronouns” since they relate to things standing for nouns.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
style="mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
style="mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal">Deixis works for “PRX” and “DST”, but in
anyone's mind are “INTR” (interrogative) and/or “REL” (relative) related to
Deixis? Or perhaps a supracategory like “exophora”?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
style="mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P><SPAN
style="mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal">
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
style="mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal">But it would be nice if we had a single
category that captured this similarity.<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
style="mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">Has anyone done a good treatment
of this?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
style="mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
style="mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal">Thanks in advance,<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><SPAN
style="mso-bidi-font-family: Mangal">Bob<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P></BODY></HTML>