dialect in novels

[Bob Fitzke]

Wouldn't argue. It just seems that one or the other is redundant; like
"focus in on" or "continued on".

Go Green

Bob

"Dennis R. Preston" wrote:
>
> >Funny, I thought it was the "have" that was superfluous.
>
> dInIs
>
> >My sense of "have got" is that the "got" is usually superfluous.
> >
> >Bob
> >
> >Mark Odegard wrote:
> >>
> >>  >I believe that the short written forms "gonna" and "gotta" are synonymous
> >>  >with their respective standard written forms.
> >>  >The equivalent in standardese of "I'm gonna go to London" is "I'm going to
> >>  >go to London," not "I'm going to London." (You need two "go's" in the
> >>  >second sentence as well, since "gonna" means "going to", not "going to
> >>  >go".)  And again, the standard written form of "I gotta go to London" would
> >>  >be
> >>  >"I've [or I have] got to go to London."  (The "have" or "-'ve" is actually
> >>  >often included in the fast-speech version as well.
> >>  >On the other hand, the statement "I got to go to London" is in fact
> >>  >ambiguous without more context, because it could just as easily be intended
> >>  >to mean "I (-'ve) got to go to London."
> >>  >You could disambiguate it by adding either "yesterday" or
> >>  >"tomorrow", as appropriate.
> >>  >
> >>  >Victoria
> >>
> >>  I may be in a minority, or merely may be a little ahead of the stream, but
> >>  'gotta' works as a modal auxiliary. The sense is essentially that of 'must'.
> >>  "I gotta go" is not "I got to go".
> >>
> >>  As written English, "I have got to go" is the one that's ambiguous to me.
> >>
> >>  With 'got', there are some things going on that I cannot explain, but would
> >>  dearly like to know. The British, so I gather, are puzzled by some AmE
> >>  usages of 'got'. Have/has seems to no longer be necessary before certain
> >>  such usages of 'got'.
> >>
> >>  _________________________________________________________________
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> --
> Dennis R. Preston
> Department of Linguistics and Languages
> Michigan State University
> East Lansing MI 48824-1027 USA
> preston at pilot.msu.edu
> Office: (517)353-0740
> Fax: (517)432-2736