[Ads-l] rebel yell and yeehaw
Jonathan Lighter
wuxxmupp2000 at GMAIL.COM
Sat Jan 11 18:33:05 UTC 2025
In the Disney picture "The Great Locomotive Chase" (1956), "the" rebel yell
is given clearly as "Yahoo!" and "Yayhoo!"
Later Fess Parker's Yankees give a cheer that sounds like "Yeeee!"
JL
On Wed, Feb 28, 2024 at 3:40 PM Shapiro, Fred <fred.shapiro at yale.edu> wrote:
> I also think "Yee-hah" is much more mellifluous.
>
> Fred
>
>
> ________________________________
> From: Shapiro, Fred <fred.shapiro at yale.edu>
> Sent: Wednesday, February 28, 2024 3:36 PM
> To: American Dialect Society <ADS-L at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU>
> Subject: Re: rebel yell and yeehaw
>
> I'm surprised at all this "Ee-yah" and "Yee-ah" stuff. I have always
> heard it solely as "Yee-hah," which I think is much more powerful.
>
> Fred Shapiro
>
> ________________________________
> From: American Dialect Society <ADS-L at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU> on behalf of
> Jonathan Lighter <wuxxmupp2000 at GMAIL.COM>
> Sent: Wednesday, February 28, 2024 12:49 PM
> To: ADS-L at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU <ADS-L at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU>
> Subject: Re: rebel yell and yeehaw
>
> More notably:
>
> 1907 _Chicago Daily News_ (Oct. 8) 1: The entire throng, estimated at that
> time to number 26,000, stood up and cheered and yelled "Ee-yah" for nearly
> two minutes. Jennings responded by lifting his cap and bowing to rooters on
> all sides.
>
> 1908 _Sunday News_ (Charleston, S.C.) (Feb. 2) 24: Hugh Jennings, manager
> of the Detroit American League champions....His "yee-ah" became a famous
> war cry in a season.
>
> JL
>
> On Wed, Feb 28, 2024 at 12:20 PM Jonathan Lighter <wuxxmupp2000 at gmail.com>
> wrote:
>
> > Going a bit earlier in documentation (though without a rebel reference):
> >
> > Pennsylvania native Hughie Jennings (1869-1928) became manager of the
> > Detroit Tigers in 1907.
> >
> > 1907 _South Bend Tribune_ (Oct. 7) 8: That's not Hughey Jennings' famous
> > yell. -- EE-YAH! (Look at 'em go!)
> >
> > 1908 _St. Louis Post-Dispatch_ (Sept. 5) 1: Ee-yah, ee-yah!
> >
> > 1914 _Semi-Weekly Star-Bulletin_ (Honolulu) (Apr. 21) 1: Ee-Yah! Ee-Yah!
> > U.S.A.!
> >
> > 1915 _Kansas City Star_ (June 28) 10: "Ee----yah!" That's Hughie
> Jennings'
> > battlecry out there on the coaching line at third base.
> >
> > 1918 _Northern Wyoming Herald_ (Cody, Wyo.) (Dec. 4) 5: Somewhere in
> > France, October 23, 1918...June and July 1918...At that time the Germans
> > got the full force of the Gyrene (Yank patois "Marine") battle cry
> "Ee-yah!"
> >
> > And notably:
> >
> > 1909 _Pittsburgh Post_ (Oct. 9) 2: Jennings was active on the coaching
> > lines, however, and his "Yee-ahs" echoed and re-echoed above the
> vociferous
> > applause and din from the stands.... Emitting the famous "Yee-ah," the
> > Tiger chief gave Pittsburghers a real sample of coaching.
> >
> > 1909 _Pittsburgh Post_ (Oct. 10) 2: CHILDREN COPY "YEE-AH" FROM DETROIT'S
> > LEADER Meaningless, but Famous, Expression Taken Up by Young and Old.
> >
> > JL
> >
> > On Fri, Dec 15, 2023 at 3:21 PM Jonathan Lighter <wuxxmupp2000 at gmail.com
> >
> > wrote:
> >
> >> An infantryman very clearly shouts an enthusiastic "Yee-ha!" in the
> movie
> >> _The Story of G.I. Joe_ (1945).
> >>
> >> JL
> >>
> >> On Wed, Mar 28, 2018 at 9:09 PM Jonathan Lighter <
> wuxxmupp2000 at gmail.com>
> >> wrote:
> >>
> >>> Merriam-Webster online now defines "rebel yell" as follows:
> >>>
> >>> "a prolonged high-pitched yell often uttered by Confederate soldiers in
> >>> the American Civil War"
> >>>
> >>>
> >>> Close, but no cigar. "Any of various high-pitched yells..." would be
> >>> more accurate.
> >>>
> >>> The M-W editors have clearly fallen for the modern stereotype.
> >>>
> >>> JL
> >>>
> >>> On Sat, Jul 15, 2017 at 11:25 PM, Wilson Gray <hwgray at gmail.com>
> wrote:
> >>>
> >>>> I wonder what the connection is between "yee-haw"and "hee-haw" is, if
> >>>> any.
> >>>>
> >>>> Back in 1961, a tarheel barracks-mate, Edgar B. Lacey, Jr.,
> demonstrated
> >>>> for me what he said was the rebel yell. It wasn't yee- or hee-haw, but
> >>>> it
> >>>> was certainly a yell. Sadly, though loud, it was so generic that he
> >>>> could
> >>>> easily have generated it just for the occasion. Also, he was in the
> same
> >>>> elite - no blacks, no Jews, no "rebels" - unit of Russian "linguists"
> -
> >>>> numbering ca. 200 head of EM - that I was a member of. So, he and the
> >>>> only
> >>>> two other white Southerners, the "Southern Gentleman" from Albany, GA,
> >>>> and
> >>>> the "Country Hick" from Pascagoula, MS, by way of Weslaco, TX, were
> not
> >>>> the
> >>>> kind of people that you'd trust or expect to know or care anything
> about
> >>>> the rebel yell.
> >>>>
> >>>> Of course, with enough people shouting it, anything works. The
> >>>> battle-cry
> >>>> of the once-mighty, much-feared Cossacks was a simple _gik_: [gi:!
> gi:!
> >>>> gi:!], shouted in falsetto.
> >>>>
> >>>> Those of sufficient maturity may recall the following battle-cry:
> >>>>
> >>>> Galaxy Magazine - Volume 8, Issues 1-6 - Page 137
> >>>>
> https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgLoSAAAAIAAJ&data=05%7C02%7Cfred.shapiro%40YALE.EDU%7C6e5e0c7e71d74ba0aebe08dc3885b48c%7Cdd8cbebb21394df8b4114e3e87abeb5c%7C0%7C0%7C638447394122803386%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=PrF%2B%2B4l1nt3pGuPq006QYbodHq8wneD0n4E7nQJ2kKk%3D&reserved=0
> <https://books.google.com/books?id=gLoSAAAAIAAJ>
> >>>> 1954 - Snippet view
> >>>> And then the little man cupped his hands to his mouth and hooted
> >>>> mournfully
> >>>> into the twilight, _"Wa-wa-wa-wa-wabbit twacks!"_
> >>>>
> >>>> On Sat, Jul 15, 2017 at 9:28 PM, Jonathan Lighter <
> >>>> wuxxmupp2000 at gmail.com>
> >>>> wrote:
> >>>>
> >>>> > A US Marine Corps recruiting poster of 1918 reads, remarkably,
> >>>> >
> >>>> > "E-E-E-Yah-Yip Go Over With U.S. Marines"
> >>>> >
> >>>> >
> >>>>
> https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flickr.com%2Fphotos%2Fboston_public_library%2F3551356171%2Fin%2Fset-&data=05%7C02%7Cfred.shapiro%40YALE.EDU%7C6e5e0c7e71d74ba0aebe08dc3885b48c%7Cdd8cbebb21394df8b4114e3e87abeb5c%7C0%7C0%7C638447394122811010%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=R6xvUzKeA%2B2G%2BZEJ67RjatHmDB0PB7k6MkoIG35TY44%3D&reserved=0
> <https://www.flickr.com/photos/boston_public_library/3551356171/in/set->
> >>>> > 72157604204316251/
> >>>> >
> >>>> > I read the "Yip" as a clumsy way of conveying a high-pitched squeal,
> >>>> rather
> >>>> > than the representation of an actual vocable.
> >>>> >
> >>>> > An interesting relative of both the "yip-yip-yip" type of rebel yell
> >>>> and
> >>>> > the later, iconic "(Y)ee-ha!"
> >>>> >
> >>>> > JL
> >>>> >
> >>>> > On Sat, Jun 20, 2015 at 8:33 AM, Jonathan Lighter <
> >>>> wuxxmupp2000 at gmail.com>
> >>>> > wrote:
> >>>> >
> >>>> > > ---------------------- Information from the mail header
> >>>> > > -----------------------
> >>>> > > Sender: American Dialect Society <ADS-L at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU>
> >>>> > > Poster: Jonathan Lighter <wuxxmupp2000 at GMAIL.COM>
> >>>> > > Subject: Re: rebel yell and yeehaw
> >>>> > > ------------------------------------------------------------
> >>>> > > -------------------
> >>>> > >
> >>>> > > Yesterday I found myself serendipitously driving behind a panel
> >>>> truck
> >>>> > that
> >>>> > > advertised
> >>>> > >
> >>>> > > YEE-HAW! A FINE SOUTHERN BEER.
> >>>> > >
> >>>> > > YOU'LL SAY IT WHEN YOU DRINK IT!
> >>>> > >
> >>>> > > Proof:
> >>>> > >
> https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Ftrademarks.justia.com%2F864%2F49%2Fyou-ll-say-it-when-you-&data=05%7C02%7Cfred.shapiro%40YALE.EDU%7C6e5e0c7e71d74ba0aebe08dc3885b48c%7Cdd8cbebb21394df8b4114e3e87abeb5c%7C0%7C0%7C638447394122816788%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=CEhhQyOaYtT2ulHzFC%2FkRgdb5f3LXS%2BK%2BLVNajE%2BeD4%3D&reserved=0
> <https://trademarks.justia.com/864/49/you-ll-say-it-when-you->
> >>>> > > drink-86449331.html
> >>>> > >
> >>>> > > JL
> >>>> > >
> >>>> > > On Sat, Jun 13, 2015 at 5:02 PM, Jonathan Lighter <
> >>>> > wuxxmupp2000 at gmail.com>
> >>>> > > wrote:
> >>>> > >
> >>>> > > > ---------------------- Information from the mail header
> >>>> > > > -----------------------
> >>>> > > > Sender: American Dialect Society <ADS-L at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU>
> >>>> > > > Poster: Jonathan Lighter <wuxxmupp2000 at GMAIL.COM>
> >>>> > > > Subject: Re: rebel yell and yeehaw
> >>>> > > >
> >>>> > > > ------------------------------------------------------------
> >>>> > > -------------------
> >>>> > > >
> >>>> > > > Another early Yeehah!
> >>>> > > >
> >>>> > > > "The Cumberland Three" was a folk-pop band of the Kingston Trio
> >>>> sort.
> >>>> > In
> >>>> > > > 1960 they released a pair of LPs of souped-up Civil War songs on
> >>>> the
> >>>> > > > Roulette label: "Civil War Almanac: 'Yankees,' Vol. 1" and
> >>>> > "...'Rebels,'
> >>>> > > > Vol. 2."
> >>>> > > >
> >>>> > > > On track B3 of the latter album, an extreme "Yeehah!" is
> >>>> specifically
> >>>> > > > identified as "the rebel yell."
> >>>> > > >
> >>>> > > > The Cumberland Three, as far as I can tell, hailed from the West
> >>>> Coast.
> >>>> > > >
> >>>> > > > JL
> >>>> > > >
> >>>> > > > On Sun, Jun 7, 2015 at 4:45 PM, Jonathan Lighter <
> >>>> > wuxxmupp2000 at gmail.com
> >>>> > > >
> >>>> > > > wrote:
> >>>> > > >
> >>>> > > > > ---------------------- Information from the mail header
> >>>> > > > > -----------------------
> >>>> > > > > Sender: American Dialect Society <
> ADS-L at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU>
> >>>> > > > > Poster: Jonathan Lighter <wuxxmupp2000 at GMAIL.COM>
> >>>> > > > > Subject: Re: rebel yell and yeehaw
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>> > > > ------------------------------------------------------------
> >>>> > > -------------------
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>> > > > > Now there's a whole book on the subject:
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>>
> https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2FThe-Rebel-Yell-Cultural-History%2Fdp%2F0817318488&data=05%7C02%7Cfred.shapiro%40YALE.EDU%7C6e5e0c7e71d74ba0aebe08dc3885b48c%7Cdd8cbebb21394df8b4114e3e87abeb5c%7C0%7C0%7C638447394122821267%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=6Db0q5rZFnoz0PAOOLPVDfBudu8gMKSY6PmajTS0258%3D&reserved=0
> <http://www.amazon.com/The-Rebel-Yell-Cultural-History/dp/0817318488>
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>> > > > > Nothing linguistically new here, though there's a lot of
> >>>> discussion
> >>>> > of
> >>>> > > > the
> >>>> > > > > yell as a primary postbellum cultural symbol that seems to
> have
> >>>> been
> >>>> > > > ousted
> >>>> > > > > by the Confederate battle flag (actually, naval flag) only
> >>>> during the
> >>>> > > > Civil
> >>>> > > > > Rights Movement.
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>> > > > > Professor Warren's bulleted "key observations" include:
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>> > > > > "As early as the summer of 1861 Southern screeching had
> >>>> occurred in
> >>>> > > both
> >>>> > > > > major theaters of the war. ...
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>> > > > > "The Rebel yell seemingly lacked words, word sounds, rhyme,
> and
> >>>> any
> >>>> > > > > coherent rhythm....
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>> > > > > "The yell resulted from bodies of men screeching in unison.
> The
> >>>> > > > collective
> >>>> > > > > effort created greater volume and complexity than could be
> >>>> achieved
> >>>> > by
> >>>> > > > any
> >>>> > > > > one soldier...."
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>> > > > > Etc. He also cites and dismisses claims that the yell
> >>>> originated at
> >>>> > > Troy,
> >>>> > > > > in Britain or Ireland, among the Mongols, or in the ululations
> >>>> of
> >>>> > > Muslim
> >>>> > > > > Spain. Maybe Indian war-whoops contributed, maybe they
> didn't.
> >>>> Maybe
> >>>> > > > slave
> >>>> > > > > shouts too, but maybe not. You just can't tell with the rebel
> >>>> yell;
> >>>> > > > > especially since, as Professor Warren correctly observes,
> there
> >>>> was
> >>>> > no
> >>>> > > > > single, standard, prescribed yell at all.
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>> > > > > Prof. Warren, author of an earlier book on Civil War
> literature,
> >>>> > cites
> >>>> > > a
> >>>> > > > > plethora of rebel yell information.
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>> > > > > Except, that is, for our multi-year discussion, which began in
> >>>> > 2006. I
> >>>> > > > > find no mention of "Yeehaw!" antebellum mules, "Red River,"
> >>>> Stan
> >>>> > > > Freberg,
> >>>> > > > > "Doctor Strangelove," or the 1st Marine Parachute Regiment.
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>> > > > > But there is a photo of the dust jacket of H. Allen Smith's
> >>>> book.
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>> > > > > JL
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>> > > > > On Mon, Feb 23, 2015 at 6:58 PM, Jonathan Lighter <
> >>>> > > > wuxxmupp2000 at gmail.com>
> >>>> > > > > wrote:
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > ---------------------- Information from the mail header
> >>>> > > > > > -----------------------
> >>>> > > > > > Sender: American Dialect Society <
> >>>> ADS-L at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU>
> >>>> > > > > > Poster: Jonathan Lighter <wuxxmupp2000 at GMAIL.COM>
> >>>> > > > > > Subject: Re: rebel yell and yeehaw
> >>>> > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > >
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>> > > > ------------------------------------------------------------
> >>>> > > -------------------
> >>>> > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > One day earlier in _The Oregonian_ (Portland), p. 11.
> >>>> > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > JL
> >>>> > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > On Mon, Feb 23, 2015 at 6:44 PM, Jonathan Lighter <
> >>>> > > > > wuxxmupp2000 at gmail.com>
> >>>> > > > > > wrote:
> >>>> > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > > ---------------------- Information from the mail header
> >>>> > > > > > > -----------------------
> >>>> > > > > > > Sender: American Dialect Society <
> >>>> ADS-L at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU>
> >>>> > > > > > > Poster: Jonathan Lighter <wuxxmupp2000 at GMAIL.COM>
> >>>> > > > > > > Subject: Re: rebel yell and yeehaw
> >>>> > > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > >
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>> > > > ------------------------------------------------------------
> >>>> > > -------------------
> >>>> > > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > > For the record, here is the earliest "Yee-ha[w/h]!" I've
> >>>> seen
> >>>> > that
> >>>> > > > > > > explicitly refers to it as a "rebel yell":
> >>>> > > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > > 1984 Joyce Lain Kennedy in _Springfield [Mass.]
> Republican_
> >>>> B-8:
> >>>> > > The
> >>>> > > > > next
> >>>> > > > > > > time your temper flares at the boss and you're tempted to
> >>>> > > "yee-haw!"
> >>>> > > > a
> >>>> > > > > > > rebel yell, remember who lost the Civil War.
> >>>> > > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > > That's 123 years after the start of said war.
> >>>> > > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > > JL
> >>>> > > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > > On Wed, Apr 25, 2012 at 10:11 PM, Jonathan Lighter <
> >>>> > > > > > wuxxmupp2000 at gmail.com
> >>>> > > > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > > wrote:
> >>>> > > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > > > ---------------------- Information from the mail header
> >>>> > > > > > > > -----------------------
> >>>> > > > > > > > Sender: American Dialect Society <
> >>>> ADS-L at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU
> >>>> > >
> >>>> > > > > > > > Poster: Jonathan Lighter <wuxxmupp2000 at GMAIL.COM>
> >>>> > > > > > > > Subject: Re: rebel yell and yeehaw
> >>>> > > > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > >
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>> > > > ------------------------------------------------------------
> >>>> > > -------------------
> >>>> > > > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > > > Make that "(1959)."
> >>>> > > > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > > > JL
> >>>> > > > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > > >
> >>>> ------------------------------------------------------------
> >>>> > > > > > > > The American Dialect Society -
> >>>>
> https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americandialect.org%2F&data=05%7C02%7Cfred.shapiro%40YALE.EDU%7C6e5e0c7e71d74ba0aebe08dc3885b48c%7Cdd8cbebb21394df8b4114e3e87abeb5c%7C0%7C0%7C638447394122825529%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=nrfpt5hm6d5lo1HV64DrpfpZ5VDeUNCiZcvFVUC127Y%3D&reserved=0
> <http://www.americandialect.org/>
> >>>> > > > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > > --
> >>>> > > > > > > "If the truth is half as bad as I think it is, you can't
> >>>> handle
> >>>> > the
> >>>> > > > > > truth."
> >>>> > > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > >
> ------------------------------------------------------------
> >>>> > > > > > > The American Dialect Society -
> >>>>
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> <http://www.americandialect.org/>
> >>>> > > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > --
> >>>> > > > > > "If the truth is half as bad as I think it is, you can't
> >>>> handle the
> >>>> > > > > truth."
> >>>> > > > > >
> >>>> > > > > > ------------------------------------------------------------
> >>>> > > > > > The American Dialect Society -
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> <http://www.americandialect.org/>
> >>>> > > > > >
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>> > > > > --
> >>>> > > > > "If the truth is half as bad as I think it is, you can't
> handle
> >>>> the
> >>>> > > > truth."
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>> > > > > ------------------------------------------------------------
> >>>> > > > > The American Dialect Society -
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> <http://www.americandialect.org/>
> >>>> > > > >
> >>>> > > >
> >>>> > > >
> >>>> > > >
> >>>> > > > --
> >>>> > > > "If the truth is half as bad as I think it is, you can't handle
> >>>> the
> >>>> > > truth."
> >>>> > > >
> >>>> > > > ------------------------------------------------------------
> >>>> > > > The American Dialect Society -
> https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americandialect.org%2F&data=05%7C02%7Cfred.shapiro%40YALE.EDU%7C6e5e0c7e71d74ba0aebe08dc3885b48c%7Cdd8cbebb21394df8b4114e3e87abeb5c%7C0%7C0%7C638447394122842130%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=sytedgPHq7itFHGpSXCd6rBYTOSowXijaX9Dhpy4MfE%3D&reserved=0
> <http://www.americandialect.org/>
> >>>> > > >
> >>>> > >
> >>>> > >
> >>>> > >
> >>>> > > --
> >>>> > > "If the truth is half as bad as I think it is, you can't handle
> the
> >>>> > truth."
> >>>> > >
> >>>> > > ------------------------------------------------------------
> >>>> > > The American Dialect Society -
> https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americandialect.org%2F&data=05%7C02%7Cfred.shapiro%40YALE.EDU%7C6e5e0c7e71d74ba0aebe08dc3885b48c%7Cdd8cbebb21394df8b4114e3e87abeb5c%7C0%7C0%7C638447394122846303%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=%2Bl%2FhKJYLQhfsRaMpXLWRX6G0BG%2BXe2UG%2F16mIJHUw4U%3D&reserved=0
> <http://www.americandialect.org/>
> >>>> > >
> >>>> >
> >>>> >
> >>>> >
> >>>> > --
> >>>> > "If the truth is half as bad as I think it is, you can't handle the
> >>>> truth."
> >>>> >
> >>>> > ------------------------------------------------------------
> >>>> > The American Dialect Society -
> https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americandialect.org%2F&data=05%7C02%7Cfred.shapiro%40YALE.EDU%7C6e5e0c7e71d74ba0aebe08dc3885b48c%7Cdd8cbebb21394df8b4114e3e87abeb5c%7C0%7C0%7C638447394122850484%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=UUpwFcHHX1mpWLTQNKB2SW%2BJ6lJs8ZUGFd721TdpdX0%3D&reserved=0
> <http://www.americandialect.org/>
> >>>> >
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>>
> >>>> --
> >>>> -Wilson
> >>>> -----
> >>>> All say, "How hard it is that we have to die!"---a strange complaint
> to
> >>>> come from the mouths of people who have had to live.
> >>>> -Mark Twain
> >>>>
> >>>> ------------------------------------------------------------
> >>>> The American Dialect Society -
> https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americandialect.org%2F&data=05%7C02%7Cfred.shapiro%40YALE.EDU%7C6e5e0c7e71d74ba0aebe08dc3885b48c%7Cdd8cbebb21394df8b4114e3e87abeb5c%7C0%7C0%7C638447394122854525%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=LQa61X%2FNT26n3K%2BUVotB8WEwX0VGMGt0RbQSgoZuwEQ%3D&reserved=0
> <http://www.americandialect.org/>
> >>>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>>
> >>> --
> >>> "If the truth is half as bad as I think it is, you can't handle the
> >>> truth."
> >>>
> >>
> >>
> >> --
> >> "If the truth is half as bad as I think it is, you can't handle the
> >> truth."
> >>
> >
> >
> > --
> > "If the truth is half as bad as I think it is, you can't handle the
> truth."
> >
>
>
> --
> "If the truth is half as bad as I think it is, you can't handle the truth."
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------
> The American Dialect Society -
> https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americandialect.org%2F&data=05%7C02%7Cfred.shapiro%40YALE.EDU%7C6e5e0c7e71d74ba0aebe08dc3885b48c%7Cdd8cbebb21394df8b4114e3e87abeb5c%7C0%7C0%7C638447394122858671%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=i7aa5VwbrWpp5TczRnCJqnOt0%2Bb6nzIt%2FFpdAgwznTw%3D&reserved=0
> <http://www.americandialect.org/>
>
> ------------------------------------------------------------
> The American Dialect Society - http://www.americandialect.org
>
--
"If the truth is half as bad as I think it is, you can't handle the truth."
------------------------------------------------------------
The American Dialect Society - http://www.americandialect.org
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