[Ads-l] rebel yell and yeehaw
Jonathan Lighter
wuxxmupp2000 at GMAIL.COM
Wed Mar 26 00:48:31 UTC 2025
1949 _Springfield [Mass.] Daily News_ (Jan. 27) 28 [Newspapers.com]:
(TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO TODAY) ... "Yee-Hah" Hughey Jennings joined his old
teammate, John McGraw, as a coach of the New York Giants.
AFAICT, neither Newspapers.com nor GenealogyBank affords another ex. of
"yee-hah" associated with Jennings.
JL
On Sat, Jan 11, 2025 at 1:33 PM Jonathan Lighter <wuxxmupp2000 at gmail.com>
wrote:
> In the Disney picture "The Great Locomotive Chase" (1956), "the" rebel
> yell is given clearly as "Yahoo!" and "Yayhoo!"
>
> Later Fess Parker's Yankees give a cheer that sounds like "Yeeee!"
>
> JL
>
> On Wed, Feb 28, 2024 at 3:40 PM Shapiro, Fred <fred.shapiro at yale.edu>
> wrote:
>
>> I also think "Yee-hah" is much more mellifluous.
>>
>> Fred
>>
>>
>> ________________________________
>> From: Shapiro, Fred <fred.shapiro at yale.edu>
>> Sent: Wednesday, February 28, 2024 3:36 PM
>> To: American Dialect Society <ADS-L at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU>
>> Subject: Re: rebel yell and yeehaw
>>
>> I'm surprised at all this "Ee-yah" and "Yee-ah" stuff. I have always
>> heard it solely as "Yee-hah," which I think is much more powerful.
>>
>> Fred Shapiro
>>
>> ________________________________
>> From: American Dialect Society <ADS-L at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU> on behalf of
>> Jonathan Lighter <wuxxmupp2000 at GMAIL.COM>
>> Sent: Wednesday, February 28, 2024 12:49 PM
>> To: ADS-L at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU <ADS-L at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU>
>> Subject: Re: rebel yell and yeehaw
>>
>> More notably:
>>
>> 1907 _Chicago Daily News_ (Oct. 8) 1: The entire throng, estimated at that
>> time to number 26,000, stood up and cheered and yelled "Ee-yah" for nearly
>> two minutes. Jennings responded by lifting his cap and bowing to rooters
>> on
>> all sides.
>>
>> 1908 _Sunday News_ (Charleston, S.C.) (Feb. 2) 24: Hugh Jennings, manager
>> of the Detroit American League champions....His "yee-ah" became a famous
>> war cry in a season.
>>
>> JL
>>
>> On Wed, Feb 28, 2024 at 12:20 PM Jonathan Lighter <wuxxmupp2000 at gmail.com
>> >
>> wrote:
>>
>> > Going a bit earlier in documentation (though without a rebel
>> reference):
>> >
>> > Pennsylvania native Hughie Jennings (1869-1928) became manager of the
>> > Detroit Tigers in 1907.
>> >
>> > 1907 _South Bend Tribune_ (Oct. 7) 8: That's not Hughey Jennings'
>> famous
>> > yell. -- EE-YAH! (Look at 'em go!)
>> >
>> > 1908 _St. Louis Post-Dispatch_ (Sept. 5) 1: Ee-yah, ee-yah!
>> >
>> > 1914 _Semi-Weekly Star-Bulletin_ (Honolulu) (Apr. 21) 1: Ee-Yah!
>> Ee-Yah!
>> > U.S.A.!
>> >
>> > 1915 _Kansas City Star_ (June 28) 10: "Ee----yah!" That's Hughie
>> Jennings'
>> > battlecry out there on the coaching line at third base.
>> >
>> > 1918 _Northern Wyoming Herald_ (Cody, Wyo.) (Dec. 4) 5: Somewhere in
>> > France, October 23, 1918...June and July 1918...At that time the Germans
>> > got the full force of the Gyrene (Yank patois "Marine") battle cry
>> "Ee-yah!"
>> >
>> > And notably:
>> >
>> > 1909 _Pittsburgh Post_ (Oct. 9) 2: Jennings was active on the coaching
>> > lines, however, and his "Yee-ahs" echoed and re-echoed above the
>> vociferous
>> > applause and din from the stands.... Emitting the famous "Yee-ah," the
>> > Tiger chief gave Pittsburghers a real sample of coaching.
>> >
>> > 1909 _Pittsburgh Post_ (Oct. 10) 2: CHILDREN COPY "YEE-AH" FROM
>> DETROIT'S
>> > LEADER Meaningless, but Famous, Expression Taken Up by Young and Old.
>> >
>> > JL
>> >
>> > On Fri, Dec 15, 2023 at 3:21 PM Jonathan Lighter <
>> wuxxmupp2000 at gmail.com>
>> > wrote:
>> >
>> >> An infantryman very clearly shouts an enthusiastic "Yee-ha!" in the
>> movie
>> >> _The Story of G.I. Joe_ (1945).
>> >>
>> >> JL
>> >>
>> >> On Wed, Mar 28, 2018 at 9:09 PM Jonathan Lighter <
>> wuxxmupp2000 at gmail.com>
>> >> wrote:
>> >>
>> >>> Merriam-Webster online now defines "rebel yell" as follows:
>> >>>
>> >>> "a prolonged high-pitched yell often uttered by Confederate soldiers
>> in
>> >>> the American Civil War"
>> >>>
>> >>>
>> >>> Close, but no cigar. "Any of various high-pitched yells..." would be
>> >>> more accurate.
>> >>>
>> >>> The M-W editors have clearly fallen for the modern stereotype.
>> >>>
>> >>> JL
>> >>>
>> >>> On Sat, Jul 15, 2017 at 11:25 PM, Wilson Gray <hwgray at gmail.com>
>> wrote:
>> >>>
>> >>>> I wonder what the connection is between "yee-haw"and "hee-haw" is, if
>> >>>> any.
>> >>>>
>> >>>> Back in 1961, a tarheel barracks-mate, Edgar B. Lacey, Jr.,
>> demonstrated
>> >>>> for me what he said was the rebel yell. It wasn't yee- or hee-haw,
>> but
>> >>>> it
>> >>>> was certainly a yell. Sadly, though loud, it was so generic that he
>> >>>> could
>> >>>> easily have generated it just for the occasion. Also, he was in the
>> same
>> >>>> elite - no blacks, no Jews, no "rebels" - unit of Russian
>> "linguists" -
>> >>>> numbering ca. 200 head of EM - that I was a member of. So, he and the
>> >>>> only
>> >>>> two other white Southerners, the "Southern Gentleman" from Albany,
>> GA,
>> >>>> and
>> >>>> the "Country Hick" from Pascagoula, MS, by way of Weslaco, TX, were
>> not
>> >>>> the
>> >>>> kind of people that you'd trust or expect to know or care anything
>> about
>> >>>> the rebel yell.
>> >>>>
>> >>>> Of course, with enough people shouting it, anything works. The
>> >>>> battle-cry
>> >>>> of the once-mighty, much-feared Cossacks was a simple _gik_: [gi:!
>> gi:!
>> >>>> gi:!], shouted in falsetto.
>> >>>>
>> >>>> Those of sufficient maturity may recall the following battle-cry:
>> >>>>
>> >>>> Galaxy Magazine - Volume 8, Issues 1-6 - Page 137
>> >>>>
>> https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgLoSAAAAIAAJ&data=05%7C02%7Cfred.shapiro%40YALE.EDU%7C6e5e0c7e71d74ba0aebe08dc3885b48c%7Cdd8cbebb21394df8b4114e3e87abeb5c%7C0%7C0%7C638447394122803386%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=PrF%2B%2B4l1nt3pGuPq006QYbodHq8wneD0n4E7nQJ2kKk%3D&reserved=0
>> <https://books.google.com/books?id=gLoSAAAAIAAJ>
>> >>>> 1954 - Snippet view
>> >>>> And then the little man cupped his hands to his mouth and hooted
>> >>>> mournfully
>> >>>> into the twilight, _"Wa-wa-wa-wa-wabbit twacks!"_
>> >>>>
>> >>>> On Sat, Jul 15, 2017 at 9:28 PM, Jonathan Lighter <
>> >>>> wuxxmupp2000 at gmail.com>
>> >>>> wrote:
>> >>>>
>> >>>> > A US Marine Corps recruiting poster of 1918 reads, remarkably,
>> >>>> >
>> >>>> > "E-E-E-Yah-Yip Go Over With U.S. Marines"
>> >>>> >
>> >>>> >
>> >>>>
>> https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flickr.com%2Fphotos%2Fboston_public_library%2F3551356171%2Fin%2Fset-&data=05%7C02%7Cfred.shapiro%40YALE.EDU%7C6e5e0c7e71d74ba0aebe08dc3885b48c%7Cdd8cbebb21394df8b4114e3e87abeb5c%7C0%7C0%7C638447394122811010%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=R6xvUzKeA%2B2G%2BZEJ67RjatHmDB0PB7k6MkoIG35TY44%3D&reserved=0
>> <https://www.flickr.com/photos/boston_public_library/3551356171/in/set->
>> >>>> > 72157604204316251/
>> >>>> >
>> >>>> > I read the "Yip" as a clumsy way of conveying a high-pitched
>> squeal,
>> >>>> rather
>> >>>> > than the representation of an actual vocable.
>> >>>> >
>> >>>> > An interesting relative of both the "yip-yip-yip" type of rebel
>> yell
>> >>>> and
>> >>>> > the later, iconic "(Y)ee-ha!"
>> >>>> >
>> >>>> > JL
>> >>>> >
>> >>>> > On Sat, Jun 20, 2015 at 8:33 AM, Jonathan Lighter <
>> >>>> wuxxmupp2000 at gmail.com>
>> >>>> > wrote:
>> >>>> >
>> >>>> > > ---------------------- Information from the mail header
>> >>>> > > -----------------------
>> >>>> > > Sender: American Dialect Society <ADS-L at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU>
>> >>>> > > Poster: Jonathan Lighter <wuxxmupp2000 at GMAIL.COM>
>> >>>> > > Subject: Re: rebel yell and yeehaw
>> >>>> > > ------------------------------------------------------------
>> >>>> > > -------------------
>> >>>> > >
>> >>>> > > Yesterday I found myself serendipitously driving behind a panel
>> >>>> truck
>> >>>> > that
>> >>>> > > advertised
>> >>>> > >
>> >>>> > > YEE-HAW! A FINE SOUTHERN BEER.
>> >>>> > >
>> >>>> > > YOU'LL SAY IT WHEN YOU DRINK IT!
>> >>>> > >
>> >>>> > > Proof:
>> >>>> > >
>> https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Ftrademarks.justia.com%2F864%2F49%2Fyou-ll-say-it-when-you-&data=05%7C02%7Cfred.shapiro%40YALE.EDU%7C6e5e0c7e71d74ba0aebe08dc3885b48c%7Cdd8cbebb21394df8b4114e3e87abeb5c%7C0%7C0%7C638447394122816788%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=CEhhQyOaYtT2ulHzFC%2FkRgdb5f3LXS%2BK%2BLVNajE%2BeD4%3D&reserved=0
>> <https://trademarks.justia.com/864/49/you-ll-say-it-when-you->
>> >>>> > > drink-86449331.html
>> >>>> > >
>> >>>> > > JL
>> >>>> > >
>> >>>> > > On Sat, Jun 13, 2015 at 5:02 PM, Jonathan Lighter <
>> >>>> > wuxxmupp2000 at gmail.com>
>> >>>> > > wrote:
>> >>>> > >
>> >>>> > > > ---------------------- Information from the mail header
>> >>>> > > > -----------------------
>> >>>> > > > Sender: American Dialect Society <ADS-L at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU
>> >
>> >>>> > > > Poster: Jonathan Lighter <wuxxmupp2000 at GMAIL.COM>
>> >>>> > > > Subject: Re: rebel yell and yeehaw
>> >>>> > > >
>> >>>> > > > ------------------------------------------------------------
>> >>>> > > -------------------
>> >>>> > > >
>> >>>> > > > Another early Yeehah!
>> >>>> > > >
>> >>>> > > > "The Cumberland Three" was a folk-pop band of the Kingston Trio
>> >>>> sort.
>> >>>> > In
>> >>>> > > > 1960 they released a pair of LPs of souped-up Civil War songs
>> on
>> >>>> the
>> >>>> > > > Roulette label: "Civil War Almanac: 'Yankees,' Vol. 1" and
>> >>>> > "...'Rebels,'
>> >>>> > > > Vol. 2."
>> >>>> > > >
>> >>>> > > > On track B3 of the latter album, an extreme "Yeehah!" is
>> >>>> specifically
>> >>>> > > > identified as "the rebel yell."
>> >>>> > > >
>> >>>> > > > The Cumberland Three, as far as I can tell, hailed from the
>> West
>> >>>> Coast.
>> >>>> > > >
>> >>>> > > > JL
>> >>>> > > >
>> >>>> > > > On Sun, Jun 7, 2015 at 4:45 PM, Jonathan Lighter <
>> >>>> > wuxxmupp2000 at gmail.com
>> >>>> > > >
>> >>>> > > > wrote:
>> >>>> > > >
>> >>>> > > > > ---------------------- Information from the mail header
>> >>>> > > > > -----------------------
>> >>>> > > > > Sender: American Dialect Society <
>> ADS-L at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU>
>> >>>> > > > > Poster: Jonathan Lighter <wuxxmupp2000 at GMAIL.COM>
>> >>>> > > > > Subject: Re: rebel yell and yeehaw
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>> > > > ------------------------------------------------------------
>> >>>> > > -------------------
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > Now there's a whole book on the subject:
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>>
>> https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2FThe-Rebel-Yell-Cultural-History%2Fdp%2F0817318488&data=05%7C02%7Cfred.shapiro%40YALE.EDU%7C6e5e0c7e71d74ba0aebe08dc3885b48c%7Cdd8cbebb21394df8b4114e3e87abeb5c%7C0%7C0%7C638447394122821267%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=6Db0q5rZFnoz0PAOOLPVDfBudu8gMKSY6PmajTS0258%3D&reserved=0
>> <http://www.amazon.com/The-Rebel-Yell-Cultural-History/dp/0817318488>
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > Nothing linguistically new here, though there's a lot of
>> >>>> discussion
>> >>>> > of
>> >>>> > > > the
>> >>>> > > > > yell as a primary postbellum cultural symbol that seems to
>> have
>> >>>> been
>> >>>> > > > ousted
>> >>>> > > > > by the Confederate battle flag (actually, naval flag) only
>> >>>> during the
>> >>>> > > > Civil
>> >>>> > > > > Rights Movement.
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > Professor Warren's bulleted "key observations" include:
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > "As early as the summer of 1861 Southern screeching had
>> >>>> occurred in
>> >>>> > > both
>> >>>> > > > > major theaters of the war. ...
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > "The Rebel yell seemingly lacked words, word sounds, rhyme,
>> and
>> >>>> any
>> >>>> > > > > coherent rhythm....
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > "The yell resulted from bodies of men screeching in unison.
>> The
>> >>>> > > > collective
>> >>>> > > > > effort created greater volume and complexity than could be
>> >>>> achieved
>> >>>> > by
>> >>>> > > > any
>> >>>> > > > > one soldier...."
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > Etc. He also cites and dismisses claims that the yell
>> >>>> originated at
>> >>>> > > Troy,
>> >>>> > > > > in Britain or Ireland, among the Mongols, or in the
>> ululations
>> >>>> of
>> >>>> > > Muslim
>> >>>> > > > > Spain. Maybe Indian war-whoops contributed, maybe they
>> didn't.
>> >>>> Maybe
>> >>>> > > > slave
>> >>>> > > > > shouts too, but maybe not. You just can't tell with the rebel
>> >>>> yell;
>> >>>> > > > > especially since, as Professor Warren correctly observes,
>> there
>> >>>> was
>> >>>> > no
>> >>>> > > > > single, standard, prescribed yell at all.
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > Prof. Warren, author of an earlier book on Civil War
>> literature,
>> >>>> > cites
>> >>>> > > a
>> >>>> > > > > plethora of rebel yell information.
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > Except, that is, for our multi-year discussion, which began
>> in
>> >>>> > 2006. I
>> >>>> > > > > find no mention of "Yeehaw!" antebellum mules, "Red River,"
>> >>>> Stan
>> >>>> > > > Freberg,
>> >>>> > > > > "Doctor Strangelove," or the 1st Marine Parachute Regiment.
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > But there is a photo of the dust jacket of H. Allen Smith's
>> >>>> book.
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > JL
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > On Mon, Feb 23, 2015 at 6:58 PM, Jonathan Lighter <
>> >>>> > > > wuxxmupp2000 at gmail.com>
>> >>>> > > > > wrote:
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > > ---------------------- Information from the mail header
>> >>>> > > > > > -----------------------
>> >>>> > > > > > Sender: American Dialect Society <
>> >>>> ADS-L at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU>
>> >>>> > > > > > Poster: Jonathan Lighter <wuxxmupp2000 at GMAIL.COM>
>> >>>> > > > > > Subject: Re: rebel yell and yeehaw
>> >>>> > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>> > > > ------------------------------------------------------------
>> >>>> > > -------------------
>> >>>> > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > > One day earlier in _The Oregonian_ (Portland), p. 11.
>> >>>> > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > > JL
>> >>>> > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > > On Mon, Feb 23, 2015 at 6:44 PM, Jonathan Lighter <
>> >>>> > > > > wuxxmupp2000 at gmail.com>
>> >>>> > > > > > wrote:
>> >>>> > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > > > ---------------------- Information from the mail header
>> >>>> > > > > > > -----------------------
>> >>>> > > > > > > Sender: American Dialect Society <
>> >>>> ADS-L at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU>
>> >>>> > > > > > > Poster: Jonathan Lighter <wuxxmupp2000 at GMAIL.COM>
>> >>>> > > > > > > Subject: Re: rebel yell and yeehaw
>> >>>> > > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>> > > > ------------------------------------------------------------
>> >>>> > > -------------------
>> >>>> > > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > > > For the record, here is the earliest "Yee-ha[w/h]!" I've
>> >>>> seen
>> >>>> > that
>> >>>> > > > > > > explicitly refers to it as a "rebel yell":
>> >>>> > > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > > > 1984 Joyce Lain Kennedy in _Springfield [Mass.]
>> Republican_
>> >>>> B-8:
>> >>>> > > The
>> >>>> > > > > next
>> >>>> > > > > > > time your temper flares at the boss and you're tempted to
>> >>>> > > "yee-haw!"
>> >>>> > > > a
>> >>>> > > > > > > rebel yell, remember who lost the Civil War.
>> >>>> > > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > > > That's 123 years after the start of said war.
>> >>>> > > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > > > JL
>> >>>> > > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > > > On Wed, Apr 25, 2012 at 10:11 PM, Jonathan Lighter <
>> >>>> > > > > > wuxxmupp2000 at gmail.com
>> >>>> > > > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > > > wrote:
>> >>>> > > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > > > > ---------------------- Information from the mail header
>> >>>> > > > > > > > -----------------------
>> >>>> > > > > > > > Sender: American Dialect Society <
>> >>>> ADS-L at LISTSERV.UGA.EDU
>> >>>> > >
>> >>>> > > > > > > > Poster: Jonathan Lighter <wuxxmupp2000 at GMAIL.COM
>> >
>> >>>> > > > > > > > Subject: Re: rebel yell and yeehaw
>> >>>> > > > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>> > > > ------------------------------------------------------------
>> >>>> > > -------------------
>> >>>> > > > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > > > > Make that "(1959)."
>> >>>> > > > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > > > > JL
>> >>>> > > > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > > > >
>> >>>> ------------------------------------------------------------
>> >>>> > > > > > > > The American Dialect Society -
>> >>>>
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>> <http://www.americandialect.org/>
>> >>>> > > > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > > > --
>> >>>> > > > > > > "If the truth is half as bad as I think it is, you can't
>> >>>> handle
>> >>>> > the
>> >>>> > > > > > truth."
>> >>>> > > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > > >
>> ------------------------------------------------------------
>> >>>> > > > > > > The American Dialect Society -
>> >>>>
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>> <http://www.americandialect.org/>
>> >>>> > > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > > --
>> >>>> > > > > > "If the truth is half as bad as I think it is, you can't
>> >>>> handle the
>> >>>> > > > > truth."
>> >>>> > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > >
>> ------------------------------------------------------------
>> >>>> > > > > > The American Dialect Society -
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>> <http://www.americandialect.org/>
>> >>>> > > > > >
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > --
>> >>>> > > > > "If the truth is half as bad as I think it is, you can't
>> handle
>> >>>> the
>> >>>> > > > truth."
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>> > > > > ------------------------------------------------------------
>> >>>> > > > > The American Dialect Society -
>> https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americandialect.org%2F&data=05%7C02%7Cfred.shapiro%40YALE.EDU%7C6e5e0c7e71d74ba0aebe08dc3885b48c%7Cdd8cbebb21394df8b4114e3e87abeb5c%7C0%7C0%7C638447394122838021%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=UmI2F5fqR%2BfvMxqjItauXp4e5r3GY8NPdsMIeoGae00%3D&reserved=0
>> <http://www.americandialect.org/>
>> >>>> > > > >
>> >>>> > > >
>> >>>> > > >
>> >>>> > > >
>> >>>> > > > --
>> >>>> > > > "If the truth is half as bad as I think it is, you can't handle
>> >>>> the
>> >>>> > > truth."
>> >>>> > > >
>> >>>> > > > ------------------------------------------------------------
>> >>>> > > > The American Dialect Society -
>> https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americandialect.org%2F&data=05%7C02%7Cfred.shapiro%40YALE.EDU%7C6e5e0c7e71d74ba0aebe08dc3885b48c%7Cdd8cbebb21394df8b4114e3e87abeb5c%7C0%7C0%7C638447394122842130%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=sytedgPHq7itFHGpSXCd6rBYTOSowXijaX9Dhpy4MfE%3D&reserved=0
>> <http://www.americandialect.org/>
>> >>>> > > >
>> >>>> > >
>> >>>> > >
>> >>>> > >
>> >>>> > > --
>> >>>> > > "If the truth is half as bad as I think it is, you can't handle
>> the
>> >>>> > truth."
>> >>>> > >
>> >>>> > > ------------------------------------------------------------
>> >>>> > > The American Dialect Society -
>> https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americandialect.org%2F&data=05%7C02%7Cfred.shapiro%40YALE.EDU%7C6e5e0c7e71d74ba0aebe08dc3885b48c%7Cdd8cbebb21394df8b4114e3e87abeb5c%7C0%7C0%7C638447394122846303%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=%2Bl%2FhKJYLQhfsRaMpXLWRX6G0BG%2BXe2UG%2F16mIJHUw4U%3D&reserved=0
>> <http://www.americandialect.org/>
>> >>>> > >
>> >>>> >
>> >>>> >
>> >>>> >
>> >>>> > --
>> >>>> > "If the truth is half as bad as I think it is, you can't handle the
>> >>>> truth."
>> >>>> >
>> >>>> > ------------------------------------------------------------
>> >>>> > The American Dialect Society -
>> https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americandialect.org%2F&data=05%7C02%7Cfred.shapiro%40YALE.EDU%7C6e5e0c7e71d74ba0aebe08dc3885b48c%7Cdd8cbebb21394df8b4114e3e87abeb5c%7C0%7C0%7C638447394122850484%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=UUpwFcHHX1mpWLTQNKB2SW%2BJ6lJs8ZUGFd721TdpdX0%3D&reserved=0
>> <http://www.americandialect.org/>
>> >>>> >
>> >>>>
>> >>>>
>> >>>>
>> >>>> --
>> >>>> -Wilson
>> >>>> -----
>> >>>> All say, "How hard it is that we have to die!"---a strange complaint
>> to
>> >>>> come from the mouths of people who have had to live.
>> >>>> -Mark Twain
>> >>>>
>> >>>> ------------------------------------------------------------
>> >>>> The American Dialect Society -
>> https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americandialect.org%2F&data=05%7C02%7Cfred.shapiro%40YALE.EDU%7C6e5e0c7e71d74ba0aebe08dc3885b48c%7Cdd8cbebb21394df8b4114e3e87abeb5c%7C0%7C0%7C638447394122854525%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=LQa61X%2FNT26n3K%2BUVotB8WEwX0VGMGt0RbQSgoZuwEQ%3D&reserved=0
>> <http://www.americandialect.org/>
>> >>>>
>> >>>
>> >>>
>> >>>
>> >>> --
>> >>> "If the truth is half as bad as I think it is, you can't handle the
>> >>> truth."
>> >>>
>> >>
>> >>
>> >> --
>> >> "If the truth is half as bad as I think it is, you can't handle the
>> >> truth."
>> >>
>> >
>> >
>> > --
>> > "If the truth is half as bad as I think it is, you can't handle the
>> truth."
>> >
>>
>>
>> --
>> "If the truth is half as bad as I think it is, you can't handle the
>> truth."
>>
>> ------------------------------------------------------------
>> The American Dialect Society -
>> https://nam12.safelinks.protection.outlook.com/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americandialect.org%2F&data=05%7C02%7Cfred.shapiro%40YALE.EDU%7C6e5e0c7e71d74ba0aebe08dc3885b48c%7Cdd8cbebb21394df8b4114e3e87abeb5c%7C0%7C0%7C638447394122858671%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C0%7C%7C%7C&sdata=i7aa5VwbrWpp5TczRnCJqnOt0%2Bb6nzIt%2FFpdAgwznTw%3D&reserved=0
>> <http://www.americandialect.org/>
>>
>> ------------------------------------------------------------
>> The American Dialect Society - http://www.americandialect.org
>>
>
>
> --
> "If the truth is half as bad as I think it is, you can't handle the truth."
>
--
"If the truth is half as bad as I think it is, you can't handle the truth."
------------------------------------------------------------
The American Dialect Society - http://www.americandialect.org
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