Ballot

[Johan.VanDerAuwera]

About this message:

This message contains a ballot. The message is intended for any
ALT member in good standing who has not already returned the
ballot, as a result of attending ALT II, in Eugene OR, September
11-14 1997.


o-o-o-o-o

About the ALT Ballot:

In the course of 1996 and 1997 the Executive Committee drafted
texts for the ALT Charter, Statutes and Interim Arrangements. The
texts were presented to the membership at the Business Meeting
of ALT II, Eugene OR, September 11 - 14 1997. Members present at
ALT II were asked to approve or disapprove of the texts and they
were able to submit their ballot during or after the conference.
Of course, the entire membership is invited to take part. The
polls remain open until October 26 1997.

ALT needs to be registered as a non-profit organization. In order
to do that it needs to have statutes. In this context there is
a certain urge to get the texts approved in toto. This does not
mean that members need to be in complete accord with every
article. Members will of course be allowed to propose amendments
and it seems eminently possible to process any proposals for
amendments at the time of the 1999 elections, if not before.


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The ALT Ballot:


Delete/cross out what is inappropriate:

     I accept

     I do not accept


the Statutes, including the Charter and the Interim Arrangements,
of the Association for Linguistic Typology.

Return this ballot before October 26 1997 to:

Johan van der Auwera
Universiteit (UIA)
Linguistiek (GER)
B-2610 Antwerpen
Belgium

auwera at uia.ua.ac.be
fax: +32-3-8202762




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The ALT Statutes:


Article I. Name and Object

1. This Association shall be known as the ASSOCIATION FOR
LINGUISTIC TYPOLOGY.

2. Its objects are set out in the Charter, which is hereby deemed
to form part of these Statutes.

Article II. Membership

1. There shall be the following classes of membership: regular
members, student members, group members, and associate members.

2. Any individual may become a regular member by payment of dues.
The Secretary-Treasurer may, in consultation with the Executive
Committee, and on an equitable basis, waive a portion or all of
the dues for scholars actively working in the area of linguistic
typology who are unable to pay the regular dues.

3. Any bona fide student may become a student member on payment
of dues. Student membership in the Society requires that the
individual submit a verification of student status.

4. Any group of individuals, incorporated or not, may apply for
group membership to the Secretary-Treasurer; on acceptance, such
a group shall pay dues at the rate for a regular member. The
individuals constituting a group member shall be associate
members.

5. Each regular, student, and group member shall pay an annual
fee as dues, in amount fixed by vote of the Executive Committee.
If the annual dues are not received within a time to be
prescribed, the member shall forfeit the rights of membership (as
hereafter specified) until payment is received; these rights
shall be restored upon payment of all arrears.

6. Only regular members, student members, and group members may
vote and hold office in the Association; to be eligible to vote
and hold office, group members must appoint one of their
constituent associate members as the representative of the group
for the purpose of voting and holding office. All regular,
student, and group members shall receive certain publications of
the Association, including the journal _Linguistic Typology_.
Anyone may submit articles and reviews to the Editor to be
considered as possible contributions to the journal. Only
regular, student, and associate members may offer to the Program
Committee papers for oral presentation at the meetings of the
Association.

Article III. Officers and Committees

1. The elected officers shall be a President, a
Secretary-Treasurer, and the Editor-in-Chief of the journal
_Linguistic Typology_.

2. The President shall serve for four years, and shall not be
eligible for re-election. The President shall preside at the
meetings of the Association and the Executive Committee and
shall, with the approval of the Executive Committee, appoint the
Nominating and the Program Committees and such other non-elective
officers and committees as may be required.

3. The Secretary-Treasurer shall serve for four years, with the
possibility of re-election. The responsibilities of the
Secretary-Treasurer shall include keeping the records of the
deliberations of the Association and the Executive Committee,
presenting an annual report to the Association, supervising
publications of the Association which are not the responsibility
of the Editor, and such functions as may be assigned by the
President and the Executive Committee. The Secretary-Treasurer
shall be the chief fiscal officer.

4. The Editor-in-Chief shall be elected for four years, with the
possibility of re-election, and shall be responsible for the
publication of the journal.

5. Six other members of the Editorial Board shall be elected for
four years, with the possibility of re-election, with three
members retiring and three members being elected every other
year.

6. There shall be an Executive Committee, composed of the
President; the Secretary-Treasurer; the Editor-in-Chief; and six
other members, three of the six being elected every other year
to serve for four years each. The six extra members shall not be
eligible for immediate re-election. The Executive Committee shall
have the power to take, by a majority vote of those voting, any
action that the Association itself could take, but all its acts
must be reported in timely manner to the Association. The
Executive Committee may conduct part or all of its business by
mail, including electronic mail.

7. There shall be a Nominating Committee consisting of four
members, two of them being appointed by the President with the
approval of the Executive Committee every other year, to serve
for four years, without eligibility for immediate re-election.
The President shall designate one of the senior members as chair
of the committee.

8. The Nominating Committee shall nominate one person for the
position of President, one for the position of
Secretary-Treasurer, one for the position of Editor-in-Chief, and
two for each vacant position on the Executive Committee and on
the Editorial Committee. A report from the Nominating Committee
and the slate of nominees shall be mailed to the members at the
meeting of the Association. The elections shall start during
the meeting of the Association. In order to allow members not
attending the meeting to vote, the polls shall remain open for
six weeks after the meeting. During this period members may vote
by mail. For each vacant position, the candidate receiving the
largest number of votes shall be deemed elected.

9. There shall be a Program Committee consisting of six members
appointed by the President with the approval of the Executive
Committee, three persons being appointed each year to serve for
a period of two years. For each meeting of the Association, the
President shall appoint one member as Chair. The Program
Committee shall have responsibility for the scholarly content of
the Association's meetings and for recommending general policies
on the form of the meetings to the Executive Committee for
action.

Article IV. Fiscal Policy

The Secretary-Treasurer will provide the membership with an
annual report of the Association's finances.

Article V. Meetings

1. There shall be a meeting of the Association at least once
every two years, at such time and place as shall be determined
by the Executive Committee.

2. Titles and descriptions of papers to be read before the
Association must be submitted to the Program Committee
beforehand, and its disposition of such papers, including a
possible limitation of the time to be devoted to them, shall be
final.

Article VI. Publication

1. On behalf of the Association, Mouton de Gruyter shall publish
a journal, to be called _Linguistic Typology_.

2. Approval of expenditures in connection with the publication
of the journal is the responsibility of the Secretary-Treasurer
in consultation with the Executive Committee.

3. Other publications of the Association are the responsibility
of the Secretary-Treasurer in consultation with the Executive
Committee.

Article VII. Amendments

Any proposed amendments to this constitution must be submitted
to the Secretary-Treasurer in writing, signed by at least five
members of the Association. Such proposals will be submitted to
the membership for ballot. An amendment must have the approval
of two-thirds of the members voting.


Interim Arrangements

1. The next elections will be held in 1999.

2. Until the office-holders elected in 1999 take office, all
current office-holders, who were elected under an interim
procedure at ALT-I in 1995, will remain in office.

3. Six members-at-large of the Editorial Board shall be elected
at the 1999 elections; the three gaining the highest number of
votes shall serve for four years, the three gaining the next
highest number of votes shall serve for two years.

4. Six members-at-large of the Executive Committee shall be
elected at the 1999 elections; the three gaining the highest
number of votes shall serve for four years, the three gaining the
next highest number of votes shall
serve for two years.

5. Four members of the Nominating Committee shall be appointed
by the President with the approval of the Executive Committee
prior to the 1999 elections, two to a term of four years, and two
to a term of two years.

6. Six members of the Program Committee shall be appointed by the
President with the approval of the Executive Committee prior to
the 1999 Annual Meeting, three to a term of two years, and three
to a term of one year.


CHARTER


I.

The purpose of the Association for Linguistic Typology (ALT),
founded in March 1994,* is to advance the scientific study of
linguistic typology, i.e. of the diversity of human languages and
the patterns underlying it. To that end ALT will seek (i) to
further mutual awareness, dialogue, and cooperation within the
international community of typologists and (ii) to act as an
interest group of typologists in relation to the worlds of
science and science funding.


II.

The role that typology has tended to play within the academic
discipline of linguistics, generally taking a back seat to the
historical-comparative grammar of particular genetic groups of
languages and to all kinds of linguistic theorizing neglectful
of linguistic diversity, is not commensurate with the
self-evident importance of the typological enterprise.  The
charting of cross-linguistic diversity and the empirical
determination of its principled limitations were once the
preoccupation of gentleman scholars and academic outsiders, and
have long remained a marginal concern within linguistics, without
a firmly established international network of individual scholars
and with only loosely defined scholarly standards.  Over the last
few decades, however, typology has been gaining ground on an
unprecedented scale, through various outstanding individual and
collective efforts, and it is now high time to consolidate its
position.  This is what ALT considers to be its remit.
        The internal roles of ALT will be to enhance cohesion
within the typological community and to help define and maintain,
or even raise, professional standards.  In view of the dimensions
of the typological programme, it goes without saying that mutual
awareness, dialogue, and cooperation are essential for it to
flourish.  Owing to the academic marginality of typology in the
past, the training in its methods and their proper practice have
not yet received the attention they deserve.
        The external roles of ALT will be to give typology a
higher profile within as well as outside linguistics.  ALT will
seek to firmly re-establish typology at the centre of theoretical
linguistics, and to highlight its potential, largely untapped so
far, for applied linguistics (in particular those branches of it
to do with relationships between languages, such as foreign
language teaching or translation), for neighbouring disciplines
(such as anthropology, psychology, or cognitive science), and for
general education.  Where possible and desirable, ALT will help
to create the kind of infrastructure required for cooperative
research to be undertaken on a larger scale and for such research
to get funded appropriately.
        As linguistic diversity, on the wane for centuries, is
in danger of being dramatically reduced in the near future, it
is a task of paramount cultural importance to help prevent
endangered languages from falling into disuse and oblivion.  As
an association of linguists whose special professional expertise
lies in linguistic diversity, ALT will share in the
responsibility for this task.


III.

ALT's principal public activities will be (i) the organization
of regular global meetings and occasional regional meetings or
workshops, (ii) the publication of a journal, and (iii) the
awarding of a prize or prizes for outstanding typological
research.
        The global meetings will normally be held biennially and
at varying places.  Priority will be given to the unhurried
presentation and discussion of typological research worth
reporting on.  There will generally be no thematic constraints,
although time may be set apart for symposia on special topics,
workshops (in particular ones introducing less well-known
languages of special typological interest), and possibly other
formats of presentations.  No proceedings will be published.
        Although it is a distinctive field of enquiry, typology
is yet without a specialized international journal.  ALT
undertakes responsibility for the publication of a journal that
is to cater for the special needs of the typological community
in general and to subserve the aims of ALT in particular.
        ALT will regularly award a prize for promising
typological work submitted for an academic degree.  In addition
a senior prize can be awarded when outstanding typological
research has been published in book or article form.  The award
winners will be invited to give an honorary lecture at the
subsequent ALT meeting.


IV.

Typologists of the world, associate!




___________________________________________________

*Founders of ALT:
Frans Plank
Johan van der Auwera

Founding Members of ALT:
Pier Marco Bertinetto
Georg Bossong
Joan Bybee
Bernard Comrie
Greville G. Corbett
William Croft
Oesten Dahl
Simon Dik (+)
Matthew Dryer
Nicholas Evans
David Gil
Martin Haspelmath
Kees Hengeveld
Aleksandr E. Kibrik
Maria Koptjevskaja-Tamm
Gilbert Lazard
Edith A. Moravcsik
Juan Carlos Moreno
Masayoshi Shibatani
Anna Siewierska
Leon Stassen


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Date:         Fri, 31 Oct 1997 16:56:30 +0100
Reply-To:     Frans Plank <Frans.Plank at uni-konstanz.de>
Sender:       The Association for Linguistic Typology <ALT at LISTSERV.TAMU.EDU>
From:         Frans Plank <Frans.Plank at uni-konstanz.de>
Subject:      Temperature Terms Survey
Comments: To: ALT at TAMVM1.TAMU.EDU
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"

27 October 1997
Dear colleagues,

we are conducting a cross-linguistic survey of TEMPERATURE terms and would
be grateful for any information on this topic that you might be able to
provide.  If you have about half an hour to spare (or maybe it also goes
much faster), you would greatly oblige us by filling in the questionnaire
below, for your own language or any other language(s) that you know well.
Thank you.

Frans Plank, Urmas Sutrop
Sprachwissenschaft, Universitaet Konstanz, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
E-mail:  frans.plank at uni-konstanz.de
Fax:   +49-(0)7531-88 4190

***************************************************************************
TEMPERATURE TERMS QUESTIONNAIRE

Language described:
Genetic affiliation:
Area where spoken:

Your name and address (optional):



Are you a native speaker:
Your sex:

References (dictionaries, specialist articles you might be aware of):





1.  List all temperature terms that you are aware of spontaneously, in the
order in which they occur to you.





2.  List the temperature terms that you have just named again, now ordered
from highest to lowest temperature, possibly in parallel sequences if there
are separate temperature terms for different domains.  Also provide
approximate translations into English and also morphological segmentations
whenever terms are derivatives or compounds.

















3.  List the temperature terms again in lowest to highest order, if you
feel that it would not be the reverse order of that going from highest to
lowest, for all terms or a subset of them.





4.  Are the terms that you have listed (and others, if upon further
reflection you have become aware of any) applicable to whatever can be
ascribed a temperature or only to certain subdomains within the general
domain of temperatured referents?



        Below we list a number of potentially relevant subdomains and
subsub domains, and you are free to add any others.  Please indicate for
those temperature terms which you believe to be of limited rather than
general applicability if they are (i) applicable or (ii) inapplicable to
certain domains only (preferably by writing the relevant term without or
with an asterisk after the subdomain or subsubdomain name), and probably
also in certain syntactic uses only (such as attributive or predicative
ones).

        ATMOSPHERE
                weather
                sun
                air, wind
                rain, snow
                ...
        TIME PERIOD
                day, night
                summer, winter
                ...
        ENVIRONMENT
                desert
                forest
                lake, river
                fire
                ice
                ...
        INDOORS
                house, hut, tent
                room
                stove, oven, heating
                fridge
                ...
        PERSONS AND THEIR PARTS
                body
                forehead
                hands, toes
                blood
                ...
        ANIMALS AND THEIR PARTS
                skin, scales, fur
                ...
        CLOTHES
                coat, shoes, hat
                burnous
                silk, linen
                ...
        FOOD
                eatable
                drinkable
                ...
        SUBSTANCES
                solid
                liquid
                gaseous

        ...

        ...


5.  Are some or all of the terms which you have named so far used primarily
(or even exclusively) for temperatures or primarily for other domains?





        In the latter case, which are the primary domains of the terms that
can secondarily be used for temperatures?

        TASTE
        STATE, CONDITION
                (e.g. of food or plants or other living things)
        CHARACTER, TEMPERAMENT
        ...
        ...
        ...
        ...
        ...
        ...






         In the former case (temperature primary), which are the secondary
uses of temperature terms?  We list some possible domains below (and you
may add others);  please indicate which temperature terms are extendable to
them.

        SHAPE
        COLOUR
        SOUND
                voice
                ...
        TOUCH
        TASTE
        SMELL
        NOTION
                idea, news
                ...
        EMOTION
                love
                hate
                ...
        INTERACTION
                friendly
                hostile
                ...
        CHARACTER, TEMPERAMENT, MOOD
                of persons, other animates
                of situations, places
        ...
        ...





6.  Which word-class(es) do the temperature terms belong to, when used
predicatively or attributively?





7.  Is there a general term for this domain, like "temperature" in English?
If so, is this a native word or a borrowing?  Is it common or learned?  Is
it morphologically simple or complex?  What else does it mean, perhaps
primarily?








8.      List idioms, set phrases, proverbs and the like involving
temperature terms if you are spontaneously aware of any.










9.  Please translate the sentences below into 'your' language, and provide
elementary morphosyntactic and lexical glossing where advisable.

a.      The temperature is high.


b.      The temperature is low.



c.      The temperature is falling.


d.      The temperature is rising.



e.      [Assuming that it (the weather or whatever) was cold]  Now it is hot.


f.      [Assuming that it was cold]  Now it is warm.


g.      [Assuming that it was cold]  Now it is cool.



h.      [Assuming that it was hot]  Now it is cold.


i.      [Assuming that it was hot]  Now it is cool.


j.      [Assuming that it was hot]  Now it is warm.



k.      The beer/coke/... is lukewarm.


l.      The tea/coffee/soup ... is lukewarm.



m.    The boy had fever.


n.      The boy had the shivers.



o.      The boy was/felt hot.


p.      The boy was/felt cold.



q.      The stone was hot.


r.      The stone was cold.






10.  Comments, suggestions for improving the questionnaire, ...