Tilicum

[Tom Larsen]

Well, this is just another example of how you can't trust everything you
read in Ethnologue.  Kiksht is not Lower Chinook, it's another name
(actually the native name, if I'm not mistaken) for Upper Chinook.  It
is my understanding that there are no speakers left of any kind of Lower
Chinook ("Shoalwater", Clatsop). Tony Johnson would probably know more
about this than I would, though. I note in the snippets from the
Ethnologue that were cited that they have also classed Clackamas as
Lower Chinook.  This is also incorrect.  Clackamas was a variety of
Kiksht (Upper Chinook).

--
Tom Larsen

Monographic Cataloging Assistant
Branford Price Millar Library
Portland State University
P.O. Box 1151
Portland, OR 97207-1151

phone: 503-725-8179
fax:   503-725-5799

email: larsent at pdx.edu


Liland Brajant Ros' wrote:
>
> >From: Andy Horton <BMLSS at compuserve.com>
> >...
> >Sometimes, the etymon can only be intelligently guessed at
and this applies
> >to the toponymy of Saxon place names in England, and even
more to the
> >earlier Celtic names, as there were no written records.
> >
> >I assume that this also applies to the Wakashan Languages and
where the
> >words have been used in Chinook, it might not be possible to
prove which
> >language/tribe they came from, but some experts or
enthusisasts might have
> >a good idea from circumstantial evidence, hence the trawl.
>
> Sounds right to me except that Chinook is not Wakashan. At
least, I've never
> seen it so classified.
>
> Nootkan is Wakashan, and there are a fair number of important
words of
> Nootkan origin in the Chinook Jargon (holdovers, I gather the
prevailing
> scholarly opinion is, from a Nootkan-based Jargon of the
pre-1800 period),
> but "tIlEqEm" or however it's spelt nowadays is not one of
them, it's
> Chinook(an). Which is usually classified as a branch of
Penutian.
>
> http://www.ethnologue.com/show_family.asp?subid=1728 (Penutian
family tree,
> per Ethnologue; much disputed.)
>
> Yesterday I said I thought the Chinookan languages (as
distinct from the
> Jargon) were extinct, but now I see that the Ethnologue shows
12 speakers in
> 1996 for Lower Chinook (the variety that provided the main
basis for the
> Jargon) and 69 (including 7 monolinguals!) in 1990 for
Wasco-Wishram or
> Upper Chinook (related). Here are the relevant entries and
links from the
> Ethnologue:
>
> CHINOOK [CHH] 12 speakers of Kiksht dialect (1996), out of a
possible
> population of 300 (1977 SIL).  Lower Columbia River, Oregon
and Washington.
> Alternate names: LOWER CHINOOK.  Dialects: KLATSOP (TLATSOP),
CLACKAMA,
> KIKSHT.  Classification: Penutian, Chinookan.  Nearly extinct.
> http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=CHH
>
> Chinook Jargon:
>      Under USA:
> CHINOOK WAWA [CRW] 17 speakers in USA (1990 census).  Formerly
used along
> the Pacific coast from Oregon to Alaska. All speakers are
probably now
> scattered. Alternate names: CHINOOK JARGON, CHINOOK PIDGIN,
TSINUK WAWA.
> Classification: Pidgin, Amerindian.  Nearly extinct.
>      Under Canada:
> CHINOOK WAWA [CRW]  Population total both countries 100
speakers, all over
> 50 years old (1962 Chafe).  Alternate names: CHINOOK JARGON,
CHINOOK PIDGIN.
>   Classification: Pidgin, Amerindian.  Nearly extinct.
> http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=CRW
>
> WASCO-WISHRAM [WAC] 69 speakers including 7 monolinguals (1990
census), out
> of a possible population of 750 (1977 SIL).  North central
Oregon, south
> central Washington. Alternate names: UPPER CHINOOK.
Classification:
> Penutian, Chinookan.  Nearly extinct.
> http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=WAC
>
> http://www.ethnologue.com/show_family.asp?subid=1831 (Wakashan
family tree,
> per Ethnologue; generally accepted, I think)
>
> NOOTKA [NOO] 590 mother tongue speakers (1998 Statistics
Canada), out of
> 3,500 population (1977 SIL). Nitinat has about 30 speakers
(1991 M. Dale
> Kinkade).  Southwestern British Columbia, Nitinat along
Pacific side of
> Vancouver Island and on Nitinat Lake. Alternate names: NUTKA,
NUUCHAHNULTH.
> Dialects: NITINAT (NITINAHT), NOOTKA.  Classification:
Wakashan, Southern.
> http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=NOO
>
> Cheers yourself!
>
> lilEnd
>
>
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