[Corpora-List] RE : Annotation layers: missing reference

[Christian Chiarcos]

Dear Karen,

> As for NLP as such, the question seems more difficult to answer, but for  
> now, I'd tend to think, like you do, that Bird & Liberman were the first  
> to introduce it in the field, don't you think so?

Bird and Liberman's paper (apparently already circulating in 1998) is  
definitely a very influential one, and may have enforced the use of the  
term later on. However, a quick lookup with google scholar reveals that  
"annotation layer" was an established term at this time, see, e.g., Core &  
Allen (1997) or van Halteren (1998).

In fact already the "EAGLES Recommendations for the Syntactic Annotation  
of Corpora" (www.ilc.cnr.it/EAGLES/pub/eagles/corpora/sasg1.ps.gz, 1996)  
used the term "layer of annotation", apparently adopted from the "EAGLES  
Lexicon architecture"  
(http://www.ilc.cnr.it/EAGLES/pub/eagles/lexicons/lexarch.ps.gz, 1993)  
where three "layers of articulation" are distinguished (morphology,  
syntax, semantics). You will probably find an even older reference for  
"annotation layer/layer of annotation" in early EAGLES papers.

Best,
Christian

van Halteren, H. (1998), The Feasibility of Incremental Linguistic  
Annotation, Computers and the Humanities 32: 389–409, 1998.

Bird, S. and Liberman, M. (1998), Towards a formal framework for  
linguistic annotations, Fifth International Conference on Spoken Language  
Processing

Core, M. and Allen, J. (1997), Coding dialogs with the DAMSL annotation  
scheme, AAAI Fall Symposium on Communicative Action in Humans and  
Machines: 28--35

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