Some thoughts about endings etc.

[llama_nom]

--- In gothic-l at yahoogroups.com, "Fredrik" <gadrauhts at ...> wrote:
>
> The english ending -er on verbs, making them nouns in such words 
as 
> bringer, lover, jumper etc. has equal endings in gothic like -
areis, -
> ands/-andi and perhaps also -ja.
> 
> Is it right that the ending -ja (masc. weak) can this meaning?
> Like garahnja from garahnjan. And is it also possible to just have 
> the ending -a in some words?


Yes, e.g. nuta "fisher".


> 
> About the other endings, which is most common and which do you 
prefer?


Not sure, but I think I read somewhere that -ja is commoner than the 
those others.  I wonder if that depends on whether you include -ands 
declined as an adjective as well as as an nd-stem (see next).  As 
for preference, I'd look first at whether there were any parallels 
in cognate languages for that particular word or anything like it.



> I use the ending -ands mostly, but I don't realy know how to use 
it.
> Should I use it as nd-stem like frijonds and nasjands, ro should I 
> use em like adjectives with nd-endings?
> E.g. bringer = briggands, which could be interpreted as 'the 
bringing 
> one' and in that case 'bringing' is an adjective.



There is some fluctuation here, e.g. Iohannis þis daupjandins, 
Iohannen þana daupjand (Streitberg 321).  But personally, if I was 
making up a new noun like this, I'd go with the nd-stem option to 
avoid confusion.



> 
> I also have a word question for you.
> 
> A word for meal, which in oe was melu and comes from wgmc melwan. 
> Could this have an equalent in gothic?
> Has the word melwan come from malwjan via i-umlaut?
> I saw gothic had a word for grind that was gamalwjan and began to 
> think it might be so...If not. could the word have become milwan 
in 
> gothic (and the verb might not be necessary though a similar word 
> exist). But the noun meal has come from pgmc *melwa- according to 
> runeberg. This make sense that oe has melu and swedish has mjöl.
> I have no idea what gender this is etc. but in gothic I think this 
> word would be like milw- and if it is, let's say masc. it could be 
> milws or, used as wa-stem, milus (gen. milwis). If it is neutre it 
> would be milw or milu (gen. milwis). Any ideas about this???
> Maybe there already is a word for this, but I haven't found any 
with 
> this meaning, only some with close similarity.


Neuter wa-stem = Go. *milw.  And 'meal' as in 'mealtime' = Go. mel.


> 
> What do you know about the name of swedes?
> In wikipedia it says the pgmc word could have been swihoniz or 
> sweoniz. If it was swihoniz this would have been swaíhans in 
gothic 
> and if it was sweoniz it would have been swians.
> I guess they are masc. n-stems both?
> I have seen some other suggestions in gothic such as sweos (pl.) 
and 
> swijans...what do you think about this???
> 
> /Fredrik


Konrad wrote something about this name a while back [ 
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Theudiskon/message/767 ].






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