Histling-l Digest, Vol 13, Issue 1,item 2
Anthony Grant
Granta at edgehill.ac.uk
Thu Jan 24 16:35:29 UTC 2008
Dear HistLingers:
A parallel to what Wolfgang Schulze has described for Caucasian
Albanian occurs in the Haitian Creole word for 'money' (it may occur in
other Atlantic French lexifier creoles too), where /lahaN/ is found as a
variant of /laZaN/, where Z- is the voiced postalveolar fricative.
Compare French 'l'argent' 'the money'. Offhand I don't know of any
other words which show this variation, which has always puzzled me.
Best
Anthony Grant
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Today's Topics:
1. New Series / Call for Book Proposals / Edinburgh Historical
Linguistics (GLAZIER Anna)
2. Re: vol 12/issue 2 - Sound replacement in loans (R ? my
Viredaz)
3. Reminder - Call for manifestation of interest - Theme session
proposal - SLE 2008, Italy (Caterina Mauri)
4. Conference programme: Continuity and Change in Grammar
(David Willis)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Message: 1
Date: Fri, 11 Jan 2008 17:12:34 -0000
From: "GLAZIER Anna" <Anna.Glazier at eup.ed.ac.uk>
Subject: [Histling-l] New Series / Call for Book Proposals / Edinburgh
Historical Linguistics
To: <histling-l at mailman.rice.edu>
Message-ID: <E1D24563EC05084EB4765EB06BE1D287F1D201 at tara.mis.ed.ac.uk>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
New Series / Call for Book Proposals
Edinburgh Historical Linguistics
Series Editors
Joseph Salmons (University of Wisconsin) and David Willis (University
of Cambridge)
Editorial Advisory Board
Ricardo Berm?dez-Otero (Manchester)
Claire Bowern (Rice)
Sheila Embleton (York (Toronto)
Elly van Gelderen (Arizona State)
Patrick Honeybone (Edinburgh)
Brian Joseph (Ohio State)
April McMahon (Edinburgh)
Johanna Nichols (Berkeley)
Keren Rice (Toronto)
Maggie Tallerman (Newcastle)
Sylvia Adamson (Sheffield)
James Clackson (Cambridge)
Historical Linguistics is a series of advanced textbooks in Historical
Linguistics, where individual volumes cover key subfields within
Historical Linguistics in depth. As a whole, the series will provide a
comprehensive introduction to this broad and increasingly complex field.
The series is aimed at advanced undergraduates in Linguistics and
students in language departments, as well as beginning postgraduates who
are looking for an entry point. Volumes in the series are serious and
scholarly university textbooks, theoretically informed and substantive
in content. Every volume will contain pedagogical features such as
recommendations for further reading, but the tone of each volume is
discursive, explanatory and critically engaged, rather than
'activity-based'. Notes should be incorporated into the text.
Planned Volumes
Sound Change
Prosodic Change
Analogy and Morphological Change
Semantic and Lexical Change
Syntactic Change
Comparative Linguistics, Linguistic Reconstruction and Language
Classification
Sociohistorical linguistics
Introduction to particular language families
Borrowing and Language Contact
Pidgins and creoles
Quantitative Approaches to Change
Language Acquisition and Change
Change in and evolution of writing Systems
Written Evidence: Philology and historical linguistics
Language Variation and Change
Length: the typical all-inclusive length of a volume is 60,000-70,000
words.
For more information on the series or to submit a book proposal, please
contact the Series Editors, Joseph Salmons (jsalmons at wisc.edu) and David
Willis (dwew2 at cam.ac.uk) or the EUP Commissioning Editor, Sarah Edwards
(sarah.edwards at eup.ed.ac.uk).
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Message: 2
Date: Tue, 15 Jan 2008 01:24:57 +0100
From: R ? my Viredaz <remy.viredaz at bluewin.ch>
Subject: [Histling-l] Re: vol 12/issue 2 - Sound replacement in loans
To: <histling-l at mailman.rice.edu>
Message-ID: <C3B1BBE9.7720%remy.viredaz at bluewin.ch>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="ISO-8859-1"
Dear Wolfgang,
After seeing the various contributions, my guess is rather near that
of
Marie-Lucie Tarpent.
The shortest path from sh to the voiced pharyngeal stop seems to be:
- voicing at one stage or the other
- sh or zh develops to a retroflex and further to a velar fricative: to
the
Spanish and Poitou/VendTe parallels one can add Swedish, where the
sound
spelt as sj, stj, skj or sk (sk only before a stressed front vowl) was
taught as a retroflex sh in McClean, Teach Yourself Swedish, but is
now a
sort of x as far as I can hear it occasionally on TV. (There is also
*sh >
x in Slavic, but here *sh belongs to an unattested period.)
Retroflection of sh (with or without furtehr development to x )
apparently occurs only in systems with three manners of sibilants or
the
like: e. g. Spanish z (alveolar s , today interdental) :: apical s
::
hushing x ; Swedish t (palatal x, spelt kj, tj ; I don't know if
today
it's a palatal x or a palatal sh ) :: sh (spelt sj etc. as above,
but
obviously depalatalized for some time already) :: s.
- velar fricatives to pharyngeal fricatives : this is known in the
development from (unattested) Proto-Semitic to e. g. Hebrew, and from
Arabic
to Maltese.
- voiced pharyngeal fricative to voiced pharyngeal stop: is this
possible ?
However, that makes many changes, and all of these would have to have
occurred in the recipient language after the loans, rather than as
adaptations at the time of the loans. And any of them may be possible
or
impossible depending on the rest of the consonant system, and, of
course, on
what is already known of its historical phonology on the basis of
comparison
with related languages.
Best wishes,
RTmy Viredaz
1, rue Chandieu
CH - 1202 GenFve
remy.viredaz at bluewin.ch
>
> Message: 1
> Date: Sun, 16 Dec 2007 08:29:10 +0100
> From: Wolfgang Schulze <W.Schulze at lrz.uni-muenchen.de>
> Subject: [Histling-l] sound replacement in loans
> To: histling-l at mailman.rice.edu
> Message-ID: <4764D3C6.7060207 at lrz.uni-muenchen.de>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
>
> Dear friends,
> Claire Bowern had suggested to post my following question
(originally
> addressed to the LINGTYP list) to HISTLING, too.:
>
> Within the context of my research on Caucasian Albanian (Old Udi), I
> came across a rather remarkable instance of 'sound replacement' in
> loans: A palatal voiceless fricative (<sh>) is (systematically?)
> replaced by a voiced pharyngeal stop. I wonder whether some of you
have
> come across a parallel process in other languages...To be more
concrete:
> What I have in mind are cases of replacement within loans (!), not
sound
> changes within the history of a given language. That is, Language A
has
> a <sh> in a term that is borrowed into Language B with a voiced
> pharyngeal (I write <%>) instead, say /asha/ in Language A (donor
> language) > /a%a/ in Language B (recipient language).
[Unfortunately,
> I'm not allowed to give concrete examples from Caucasian Albanian,
as
> long as the corresponding text (the so-called Caucasian Albanian
> Palimpsest) has not been edited. Sorry for this! But I have to
respect
> the copyright of others....]
> Thanks for any suggestions....
> Best wishes,
> Wolfgang
------------------------------
Message: 3
Date: Wed, 16 Jan 2008 16:05:43 +0100
From: Caterina Mauri <caterina.mauri at unipv.it>
Subject: [Histling-l] Reminder - Call for manifestation of interest -
Theme session proposal - SLE 2008, Italy
To: histling-l at mailman.rice.edu
Message-ID: <478E1D47.2030104 at unipv.it>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=flowed
*************REMINDER, DEADLINE APPROACHING****************
** WE APOLOGIZE FOR CROSS-POSTING **
Theme Session Proposal GÇô "What do languages code when they code
realisness?"
SLE 2008 GÇô Forl+¼
* Call for manifestation of interest *
Theme Session Proposal: "What do languages code when they code
realisness?"
Dear list members,
this is a call for manifestation of interest in a theme session that
we plan to organize within the next annual meeting of the Societas
Linguistica Europaea (SLE), to be held in Forl+¼, Italy, September
17-20, 2008 (http://sle2008.sitlec.unibo.it).
The SLE policy for workshops and theme sessions requires us to prepare
a proposal, to be submitted to the SLE program committee no later than
February 15, 2008. This proposal should contain a short description of
the topic to be dealt with, along with an estimate of the schedule and
the overall time required.
The working title of our proposal is: "What do languages code when
they code realisness?". An extended description of the topic is
included at the end of this message. We feel that the theme we are
going to propose might raise the interest of typologists (and
theoretical linguists) who have been (or are) working on the coding of
realisness and related issues. Besides the individual papers, we
intend to devote some time to a general discussion of the theoretical
and empirical issues arising from the presentations.
In detail, the structure of the theme session we intend to submit
should include:
-+ three invited contributions;
-+ up to 10/12 selected papers (20 minutes + discussion);
-+ a final slot (up to 60 minutes) for a general, round-table like
discussion.
What we ask you at this stage is to let us know as soon as possible if
you are interested in contributing a paper to the theme session. Feel
free to send a quick informal reply to this mail (just stating your
willingness to submit a paper and specifying a possible topic for your
contribution). Prospective contributors are also expected to send an
abstract no later than February 1, 2008 (Friday). This tight schedule
will leave us enough time to finalize the proposal to be submitted to
the SLE committee.
We should emphasize that there will be two stages: in the first stage,
we will select papers which will be included in the proposal; in the
second stage, the proposal as a whole will be evaluated by the SLE
committee. Only upon acceptance of the entire theme session, every
selected contribution will be considered officially "accepted" at the
SLE conference.
Convenors
Caterina Mauri (University of Pavia, Italy)
Andrea Sans+| (Insubria University GÇô Como, Italy)
Important dates (first stage):
-+ As soon as possible: informal e-mail with manifestation of interest
-+ 1st February 2008: abstract submission (see format below)
-+ 1st March 2008: notification of acceptance
Important dates (second stage; the convenors will be looking after the
finalization of the proposal):
-+ 15th February 2008: submission of the abstract for the theme
session
to the SLE committee
-+ 15th April 2008: submission of the full program (invited speakers +
accepted abstracts + discussion time) to the SLE committee
-+ 31st May 2008: notification of acceptance
Format of abstracts:
The selection of abstracts will be made on the basis of quality and
relatedness to the topic and objectives of the theme session. The
submitted abstracts (in PDF) should be anonymous, up to 2 pages long
(including references), and the authors are expected to provide an
overview of the goal, methodology, and data of their research.
Abstracts should be sent to both convenors to the following e-mail
addresses:
Caterina Mauri: caterina.mauri at unipv.it
Andrea Sans+|: asanso at gmail.com
All the abstracts will be anonymously reviewed by the program
committee of the theme session (see below) before the finalization of
the proposal. More information about the theme session (list of
selected papers, invited speakers, etc.) will be circulated amongst
the prospective participants right before the submission of the
proposal to the SLE committee.
Please include the following data in the body of the mail: (i)
Author(s); (ii) Title; (iii) Affiliation; (iv) Contacts.
Scientific committee (TBC): Kasper Boye (University of Copenhagen);
Isabelle Bril (LACITO, CNRS, Villejuif); Sonia Cristofaro (University
of Pavia); Ferdinand de Haan (Arizona University) Anna Giacalone
(University of Pavia); Caterina Mauri (University of Pavia); Andrea
Sans+| (Insubria University, Como); Johan van der Auwera (University
of
Antwerp).
Invited speakers: Sonia Cristofaro (University of Pavia); Ferdinand de
Haan (Arizona University); Johan van der Auwera (University of
Antwerp)
Publication: if the theme session is accepted it is our intention to
publish a selection of the papers with an international publisher.
Caterina Mauri, Andrea Sans+|
***************************************
Presentation of the theme session
Working title: What do languages code when they code realisness?
Theme description and topics
Since Giv+|n (1984: 285ff.) and Chung and Timberlake (1985: 241ff.),
the terms realis and irrealis have gained increasing currency in
cross-linguistic studies on modality as flexible cover terms for a
number of moods traditionally labelled as 'indicative', 'subjunctive',
'optative', 'counterfactual', 'potential', 'hypothetical', etc. Some
authors (e.g. Elliott 2000: 80) have gone a step further, speaking of
'reality status' (or 'realisness') as a grammatical category to full
right, realized differently in different languages, with at least two
values: realis (or neutral) and irrealis. These two values are
characterized in terms of actualization vs. non-actualization of a
given state of affairs. According to Elliott, a proposition is realis
if it asserts that a state of affairs is an "actualized and certain
fact of reality", whereas it is classified as irrealis if "it implies
that a SoA belongs to the realm of the imagined or hypothetical, and
as such it constitutes a potential or possible event but it is not an
observable fact of reality" (Elliott 2000: 66-67). There are languages
which obligatorily mark realisness in all finite clauses by means of a
comprehensive (morphological or syntactic) system of markers, others
where the system is partial and the realisness of a proposition needs
to be indicated only in specin¼üc syntactic contexts, and n¼ünally
there
are languages in which the marking of realisness is merely optional.
In other terms, realisness may be encoded by means of an array of
morpho-syntactic strategies (simple affixation, portmanteau
affixation, sentence particles, adverbs, etc.).
Both the functional characterization and the formal aspects of
realisness are controversial (Bybee et al 1994; Bybee 1998). On the
one hand, the solidarities between realisness and other functional
domains such as, for instance, tense, aspect, and evidentiality make
it difficult to decide whether (and to what extent) realisness is an
independent functional dimension (see, e.g. Fleischman 1995). On the
other hand, there are certain states of affairs (e.g. habitual,
directive, and future SoAs, etc.) that are coded by means of either
realis or irrealis strategies across languages, in a largely
unpredictable way. This variation may reflect the inherently hybrid
reality status of these states of affairs: they may have occurred but
their reference time is non-specific (e.g. habituals; Giv+|n 1984:
285;
Cristofaro 2004), they may have not yet occurred but they are either
highly probable or expected with a high degree of certainty (e.g.
directives, futures; Roberts 1990; Chafe 1995; Mithun 1995; Ogloblin
2005; Sun 2007), etc.
Some of the factors that appear to have an influence on the
cross-linguistic coding of realisness have been already hinted at in
the typological literature. For instance, in some languages argument
structure and referentiality/definiteness of arguments appear to be
crucial to the choice of a realis or irrealis strategy (the presence
of definite arguments entailing realis marking, whereas
indefinite/non-specific arguments require irrealis marking).
Furthermore, the deictic anchoring of the proposition to the speaker's
here-and-now (in the sense of Fleischman 1989) may determine different
realisness values for directives and futures in some languages (e.g.
predictions, intentions or scheduled events are marked as realis,
whereas other future SoAs are irrealis; second-person directives,
which require the presence of the performer, are coded as realis more
frequently than third-person directives). Yet, a complete picture of
the range of factors affecting realisness is still missing. New
insights into these factors and their interactions may come from a
wider amount of cross-linguistic data, as well as a better
understanding of the diachronic mechanisms leading to the emergence
and establishing of realisness systems.
This theme session aims to assess our current understanding of the
realisness dimension in grammar and to plot the directions for future
research. We invite abstracts for papers dealing with
foundational/theoretical issues and/or taking an empirical,
data-driven stance on the coding of realisness across languages.
At the foundational/theoretical level, possible topics include (but
are not limited to):
-+ the status of realisness in linguistic theory;
-+ interactions between realisness and other functional domains
(tense,
aspect, evidentiality, etc.);
-+ cross-linguistic variation in the classification of certain states
of affairs as either realis or irrealis;
-+ factors affecting the realisness value of a state of affairs:
argument structure; referentiality/definiteness of arguments; degree
of deictic anchoring to the speaker's here-and-now; etc.
At the empirical level, possible topics include (but are not limited
to):
-+ in-depth investigations of realisness systems in single languages
or
language families;
-+ the areal dimension of realisness marking;
-+ realisness in languages without dedicated realis/irrealis markers;
-+ realisness as a relevant dimension in interclausal relations:
disjunction (see, e.g., Mauri 2008), complementation (Ammann & van der
Auwera 2004), switch reference, etc.;
-+ the diachronic origin and the grammaticalization of realis/irrealis
markers as a key to understanding their functional properties and
distribution.
References
Ammann, A., and J. van der Auwera. 2004. Complementizer-headed main
clauses for volitional moods in the languages of South-Eastern Europe.
A Balkanism? In: O. Tomi-ç (ed.), Balkan syntax and semantics,
293-314.
Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Bybee, J. 1998. "Irrealis" as a grammatical category. Anthropological
Linguistics 40 (2): 257-271.
Bybee, J., R. Perkins, and W. Pagliuca. 1994. The evolution of
grammar. Tense, aspect, and modality in the languages of the world.
Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Bybee, J., and S. Fleischman (eds.). 1995. Modality in grammar and
discourse. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Chafe, W. 1995. The realis-irrealis distinction in Caddo, the Northern
Iroquoian languages, and English. In: Bybee & Fleischman (eds.) 1995,
349-365.
Chung, S., and A. Timberlake. 1985. Tense, aspect, and mood. In: T.
Shopen (ed.), Language typology and syntactic description, Vol. III:
Grammatical categories and the lexicon, 202-258. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Cristofaro, S. 2004. Past habituals and irrealis. In: Y. A. Lander, V.
A. Plungian, A. Yu. Urmanchieva (eds.), Irrealis and Irreality,
256-272. Moscow: Gnosis.
Elliott, J. R. 2000. Realis and irrealis: Forms and concepts of the
grammaticalisation of reality. Linguistic Typology 4: 55-90.
Fleischman, S. 1989. Temporal distance: a basic linguistic metaphor.
Studies in Language 13 (1): 1-50.
Fleischman, S. 1995. Imperfective and irrealis. In: Bybee & Fleischman
(eds.) 1995, 519-551.
Giv+|n, T. 1984. Syntax. A functional-typological introduction. Vol.
1.
Amsterdam-Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Mauri, C. 2008. The irreality of alternatives. Towards a typology of
disjunction. Studies in Language 32 (1): 22-55.
Mithun, M. 1995. On the relativity of irreality. In: Bybee &
Fleischman (eds.) 1995, 367-388.
Ogloblin, A. K. 2005. Javanese. In: A. Adelaar, and N. P. Himmelmann
(eds.), The Austronesian languages of Asia and Madagascar, 590-624.
London-New York: Routledge.
Roberts, J. R. 1990. Modality in Amele and other Papuan languages.
Journal of Linguistics 26: 363-401.
Sun, J. T.-S. 2007. The irrealis category in rGyalrong. Language and
Linguistics 8 (3): 797-819.
------------------------------
Message: 4
Date: Mon, 21 Jan 2008 10:55:35 +0000
From: David Willis <dwew2 at cam.ac.uk>
Subject: [Histling-l] Conference programme: Continuity and Change in
Grammar
To: histling-l at mailman.rice.edu
Message-ID: <67058811-7DE3-42AB-B2A3-A0289AB3B034 at cam.ac.uk>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII; delsp=yes; format=flowed
We are pleased to announce the programme of the international
conference on Continuity and Change in Grammar, which will take place
from 18-20 March 2008 at the
University of Cambridge. The focus will be on theoretical and
methodological aspects of morphosyntactic change and conservatism.
The aim of the conference is to bring together researchers working on
different aspects of linguistic transmission in order to enhance our
understanding of what makes languages change and what in turn
prevents them from changing.
Registration is now open for the conference on Continuity and Change
in Grammar.
Go to http://people.pwf.cam.ac.uk/ab667/negproject/
negconf_program.html, download the registration form, and follow the
instructions given.
Please note that the deadline for early registrations is 22 February
2008 (receipt of payment). College accomodation is unavailable for
registrations later than 4 March 2008.
The organising committee (David Willis, Anne Breitbarth, Sheila
Watts, Chris Lucas).
------------------------------
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