Fw: [Lexicog] semantic domains

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----- Original Message -----
From: "Peter Kirk" <peterkirk at qaya.org>
To: <lexicographylist at yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Monday, January 12, 2004 10:41 AM
Subject: Re: [Lexicog] semantic domains


> --- In lexicographylist at yahoogroups.com, Rudolph C Troike
> <rtroike at u...> wrote:
> >
> > ...
> > Peter is also right about the history of Persian, in which older single-
> > morpheme verbs have been replaced by Noun + Light Verb (like "do",
> "make")
> > over the centuries as the only productive process, leaving few original
> > simplex verbs. This seems to be a common process in SOV languages, as in
> > Korean and Japan, where Chinese verbs were borrowed as Noun + Light Verb
> > ("ha" in Korean, "su" in Japanese), and now English words can form the
> > basis of new verbs in this manner. The process in Persian seems to have
> > spread from the Dravidian languages in India, where it has gone on
> so long
> > that the light verbs have become suffixes rather than independent bases,
> > and are being phonetically eroded away, leaving the originally attached
> > morpheme as first a root and then as the full Verb itself, now creating
> > all new simplex verbs. This again would raise the question as to the
> > significance of questioning the ratio of nouns to verbs, since this
> might
> > change over time in a single language.
> >
>
> Interesting data, Rudy. The process has been borrowed further from
> Persian into Turkic languages, where again it is the main process for
> productive verb formation, although in Azerbaijani the suffix -la-maq
> (passive -lan-maq, causative -lat-maq - these are not former light
> verbs) can also be used fairly productively. Colloquial Azerbaijani
> also used to borrow Russian nouns and infinitives and turn them into
> verbs in the same way, although these compounds are now going out of
> use. In Turkish the light verbs have sometimes become attached to the
> nouns to form a new simplex verb, e.g. meshetmek "anoint" which
> corresponds to Azerbaijani məsh etmək (s and h to be pronounced
> separately), from Arabic m-s-ḥ and Turkic et- "do".
>
> The common factor between these languages and Korean and Japanese
> seems to be that the borrowings are from a high status literary
> language which has a very different verbal system, i.e. Arabic or
> Chinese, and so cannot be borrowed as verbs. I wonder if this factor
> is more significant than the common SOV word order. I note that German
> (possibly SOV) and Russian (not SOV) use a different mechanism, the
> verbalising suffixes -ieren and -irovat' respectively, which are both
> used mostly with loan words.
>
> Peter Kirk
>
>
>
>
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