[Lexicog] What is considered "meat"?

[Kenneth C. Hill]

'Meat' in Hopi is sikwi. Sikwi (combining form -skwi) is found in the
following compound forms (among others): kanelsikwi, meat of a sheep/lamb
(kanel- < kaneelo < Spanish carnero, sheep), kapirsikwi, goat meat (kapir-
< kapiira < Spanish cabra, goat), kawaysikwi, horse meat (kaway- < kawayo
< Spanish caballo, horse), kowaakosikwi, chicken meat (kowaako < Spanish
guaco, a kind of chicken-like bird), koyonsikwi, turkey meat (< koyongo,
turkey), pitsootisikwi, pork/ham (pitsooti < Mexican Spanish pitzote <
Nahuatl pitzotl, pig), poksikwi, dog meat (pok- < pòoko, dog),
sowi'ingwsikwi, venison (sowi'ingw- < sowi'yngwa, deer), sowiskwi,
jackrabbit meat (sowi, jackrabbit [a large hare species]), tapsikwi,
cottontail meat (tap- < taavo, cottontail [a small hare species]),
tsöpsikwi, antelope meat (tsöp- < tsöövi, pronghorn antelope),
tuvosipsikwi, game meat (tuvosip- < tuuvosivi, game animal), wakassikwi,
beef (wakas- < waakasi, cow/bovine animal).

The question of 'meat' and 'fish' barely arises. The Hopi live in the
desert and do not regard eating fish highly. I do find in the Hopi
Dictionary corpus the following:

Pakìwtangat aqw hötayaqw is ítseningwu.
When a can of fish is opened, it sure does smell awful.

Note that it is 'a can of fish' (pakìw- < paakiw, fish + tanga, multiple
things in a container), not 'a can of fish meat' ('fish meat' would be
*pakwisikwi, I think 'a can of fish meat' would be *pakiwsikwitanga).

--Ken Hill

--- Wayne Leman <wayne_leman at sil.org> wrote:
> Recently my wife and I were discussing what entities we considered
> English
> "meat" to come from (within our worldview). I think we agreed that most
> prototypical English "meat" comes from cattle, wild game (e.g. deer,
> moose),
> and hogs (pork). For us, what comes from poultry (e.g. chicken, turkey,
> ducks and other birds) might be meat, but we're not sure, and whatever
> we
> eat from poultry definitely is not nearly as much "meat" as is meat from
> bovines. For both of us, what we eat from fish is not meat. Your own
> mileage
> on "meat," of course, may vary, as a speaker of English.
>
> I then did some lexical research on Cheyenne categories, including meat.
> I
> asked the Cheyenne speaker to try not to use the worldview of English
> speakers that she knew. The results for Cheyenne ho'evohkotse, 'meat,'
> pretty much paralleled my own categorization of meat within the cultural
> worldview in which I grew up (subsistence and commercial fishing family,
> subsistence wild game hunting, and increasing use of meats purchased
> from
> grocery stores).
>
> What words for 'meat' show up in languages you have worked with and what
> counts as meat within the worldviews of a majority of their speakers?
>
>
> Wayne



	
		
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